Turkey flag. Turkey flag photo
Form- rectangular
Structure- Star and crescent on a red background
Proportion- 2 to 3
Colors- Red White
National flag of Turkey
National flag of the Turkish Republic It is a rectangular panel with an aspect ratio of 2 to 3.
On the red background of the flag there is a white crescent and a white five-pointed star.
Flag meaning
The colors and images on the Turkish flag mean the following:
Red color is a symbol of the Ottoman Empire
Star and crescent - symbol of Islam
History of the flag
The red color of the Turkish flag was first used by ruler Umar, who ruled the Arab Caliphate in 634-644. Since the 14th century, red has become a symbol of the Ottoman Empire.
Initially, the star on the Turkish flag was inside a crescent, which is incorrect from an astronomical point of view. At the beginning of the 20th century, the star was moved beyond the crescent, however, even now it is depicted on the flag in a manner inconsistent with the laws of astronomy.
Some sources believe that the crescent first appeared on Turkish flags in the mid-15th century, others claim that it was taken from the emblem of Constantinople. It is also believed that the image of a crescent moon with a star is considered the horoscope of Sultan Osman.
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National flag of Turkey. Brief description and characteristics of the flag of Turkey
Description of the flag of Turkey
The flag of Turkey is a red panel, on which a white crescent and a white five-pointed star are placed, located in the middle of the flag, offset to the pole.
Red is the traditional color of Islam, and the same color was used by the Ottoman Empire, which formerly included Turkey, until its collapse in 1918. The crescent and star are ancient symbols of Islam and they are considered symbols of good luck. Red is also an important color in Turkish history, and the crescent and star, although symbols of Islam, were used in Asia Minor even before the advent of Islam.
A Brief History of the Turkish Flag
In its modern form, the flag of Turkey has been used since 1844, but it was officially approved only on June 5, 1936.
Initially, the flag was a green panel with a crescent, but its design changed in 1793, when Sultan Selim III changed the color of the panel to red. Then, in 1844, a star was added to the flag. As is the case with many other old flags, there are also many legends surrounding the Turkish flag regarding its history and creation.
Each state has established its own official symbols either by constitution or by special law. This anthem, coat of arms and ensign are covered, as a rule, with legends and stories. The symbols of the state are respected not just through an official formal system. This includes national monuments, including culture.
Prapor and coat of arms of Tureccini
Symbols provide the first indication about the power, about those values that are being achieved. An Islamic country like Turechchyna does not have a legally certified sovereign emblem like this. If you replace this in many installations, you can add a new official emblem. It looks like a red oval with images in the middle of it vertically oriented in a circle and a mirror. Similar symbols are applied to yourself and the ensign of Turechchini. In addition, on the upper edge of the oval the official name of the state is written in emblems. This symbolism - the star and the stamp - can be found on the foreign passport of the citizens of Turecchini.
In 1925, the Ministry of Illumination of this Country announced a competition for the best baby for the national coat of arms. Move to a new project, on which there were images of vertical stars and interchanges, and below the expanded silhouette of a fork, which represents the “Turkic national symbol.” However, regardless of the official appearance, this version of the coat of arms, like all others, does not add official status.
The significance of this story
The ensign of Turecchini is a white combination with a pentacut mirror on a red ensign. This bright color of the fabric, apparently, came from the ruler of the Arab Caliphate Umar, who was the conqueror of Egypt, Palestine and Mesopotamia. Since the fourteenth century, the red coin symbolized the Ottoman Empire. The star and the circle have always been respected as symbols of the Islam preached by the Turkish Republic. And they do not care about the fact that the legislator of religion here is separated from the state, and the principle of freedom of religion.
Uncertainty
It’s good that the star was completely retouched in the middle of the month. In this case, from the point of view of astronomers, there were incorrect decisions, the fragments of the mirror in such a situation were covered by a month, or rather by an invisible part. Since the beginning of the twentieth century, thanks to the help of astronomers, Ensign Turecchini, pictures of which have become immutable, having been slightly adjusted. The zirka was still charged for the interim penalty.
However, in today's version they know that, from the point of view of astronomy, there is a lack of consistency. The sign on the sign does not represent that phase of the Moon, which people can observe every month of the Earth, but it is obscured by an inconspicuous object of a round shape.
Walking of the little ones
Some historians confirm that the intercession, which has always traditionally respected the symbol of Islam, appeared on the Turkish flag in the middle of the fifteenth century immediately after the possible battle near the Kosovo field.
Others seem to be in favor of the emblems of Constantinople buried in 1453. The third assertion is that the images of the star of Jupiter with the moon are signs of the horoscope of Sultan Usman, who ruled at the end of the thirteenth - the beginning of the fourteenth century. These symbols were respected as symbols of the dynasty of the reigning family.
There is another legend about their adventure. It dates back to the distant fourth centuries BC, when the military father of the famous Alexander the Great - commander Philip - laid siege to the ancient city of Byzantium, near Istanbul. The extermination was long and bloody. Residents repaired the foundation with utmost sincerity, and lost a lot of their lives in the fight for their freedom. And then the enemy, having risen late at night, will dig under this impregnable fortress.
Prote raptovo because of the black gloom, having closed the month and the star in charge of him.
There is a light richness of gas in the pools of blood spilled under the city walls. The watchmen marked the gates and raised the alarm. Philip's soldiers had to enter at great expense, and the place was liberated. And as a memory of this idea, and at the same time as a symbol of freedom, it clearly became the emblem of Byzantium. More than an hour later, already in 1453, the horde of the Turkish Sultan destroyed almost the entire Roman Empire. The emblem was transferred to the banner of the war, and from then on, the ensign of Turecchini became a red banner with a banner and a mirror.
Blakitny ensign
When planning a refurbishment on the birch of the sea, there are a lot of people who are aware of the presence of the “Blakytny Ensign”. Since 1987, the international city's award has been generously awarded to these cleaned beaches, whose water meets cleanliness standards, and therefore is safe for swimming. This nomination is managed by the Foundation for Ecological Light - FEE. More than sixty powers participate in this program. The Turechchyna region was not left out. “Blakytny Ensign” torik lives in third position among the countries, due to maritime tourism. 389 beaches, which is thirty-two more, lower profile, FEE values according to as many as twenty-nine criteria.
In addition, Turechchyna is located in the same place for the number of “Blakytnye ensigns” assigned to its marinas.
Flag of Turkey · Flags of the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires · Similar flags · Related articles · Notes ·
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The red color of the Turkish flag originates from Umar, the ruler of the Arab Caliphate in 634-644 and the conqueror of Palestine, Egypt and Mesopotamia. In the XIV century. red became the color of the Ottoman Empire. A crescent with a star is a symbol of Islam.
It is noteworthy that initially the star was located inside the month, which is incorrect from the point of view of astronomy (the star in this case was covered by the invisible part of the Moon), therefore at the beginning of the 20th century, according to the requirements of astronomers, it was moved outside the month. Although even today the flag contains some astronomical inconsistency - the “crescent” does not represent the phase of the Moon (which we can observe from the Earth every month), but the eclipse of the Moon by an unknown object (in size and position of the orbit - not the Earth) of a round shape (which is unnatural for asteroids ). In a word, such a Moon cannot now be observed from Earth and could not be observed for thousands of years earlier.
Some sources indicate that the crescent, considered a traditional symbol of Islam, appeared on Turkish flags in the mid-15th century. after the victorious battle of Kosovo, others clarify that it was borrowed from the emblem of Constantinople (now Istanbul) taken in 1453, others recall that the image of a crescent with the star of Jupiter was considered the horoscope of Sultan Osman (ruled in the late 13th - early 14th centuries. ), was the family emblem of his dynasty.
True, stars appeared on Turkish flags only at the beginning of the 19th century, when they were seven- and eight-pointed. The five-pointed star appeared in 1844.
For a long time, the sacred green color of the Prophet Muhammad prevailed on Turkish flags; only in 1793 did Sultan Selim III order the red color to be legalized.
By the time of its collapse in 1918, the Ottoman Empire had a flag on the red panel of which the sacred image of a white crescent and a five-pointed star was repeated three times. In 1923, the flag of the Turkish Republic was established, which still exists today. On May 29, 1936, it was officially approved in a ratio of 3:2.
Until the beginning of the 20th century, the coat of arms of Turkey featured, against the background of military trophies, a shield with a golden month in a green field. The shield was crowned with the Sultan's turban. Decades have passed, Turkey has become a secular republican state, and the sultans are a thing of the past in this country. Nowadays, both the coat of arms and the flag of this power have the same design - a white crescent with a star on a red field.
There are many legends about the origin of these symbols. One of them is connected with the distant year 339 BC, when the troops of Philip of Macedon, the father of the famous commander Alexander, surrounded the city of Byzantium, as Istanbul was called in ancient times. The siege was long and bloody, the inhabitants desperately resisted, many people died in the struggle for freedom. Then the enemy decided to dig under the impregnable fortress at night. But suddenly, from behind the heavy clouds, a moon shone and a star next to it, repeatedly reflected in the pools of blood near the city walls. The watchmen on the towers noticed the enemy and raised the alarm. Philip's soldiers retreated with heavy losses, and the city was saved. In memory of this event and as a symbol of freedom from invaders, the crescent with a star became the emblem of Byzantium. Centuries later, in 1453, the hordes of the Turkish Sultan captured the city, and then the entire Eastern Roman Empire. The emblem was transferred to the banner of the winners, and since then the crescent with a star has been emblazoned on the Turkish flag.
The flag of Turkey is a red panel, on which a white crescent and a white five-pointed star are placed, located in the middle of the flag, offset to the pole.
Red is the traditional color of Islam, and the same color was used by the Ottoman Empire, which formerly included Turkey, until its collapse in 1918. The crescent and star are ancient symbols of Islam and they are considered symbols of good luck. Red is also an important color in Turkish history, and the crescent and star, although symbols of Islam, were used in Asia Minor even before the advent of Islam.
A Brief History of the Turkish Flag
In its modern form, the flag of Turkey has been used since 1844, but it was officially approved only on June 5, 1936. Initially, the flag was a green panel with a crescent, but its design changed in 1793, when Sultan Selim III changed the color of the panel to red. Then, in 1844, a star was added to the flag. As is the case with many other old flags, there are also many legends surrounding the Turkish flag regarding its history and creation.
It is noteworthy that initially the star was located inside the month, which is incorrect from the point of view of astronomy (the star in this case was covered by the invisible part of the Moon), therefore at the beginning of the 20th century, according to the requirements of astronomers, it was moved outside the month.
Some sources indicate that the crescent, considered a traditional symbol of Islam, appeared on Turkish flags in the mid-15th century. after the victorious battle of Kosovo, others clarify that it was borrowed from the emblem of Constantinople (now Istanbul) taken in 1453, others recall that the image of a crescent with the star of Jupiter was considered the horoscope of Sultan Osman (ruled at the end of the 13th - beginning of the 14th centuries. ), was the family emblem of his dynasty.
True, stars appeared on Turkish flags only at the beginning of the 19th century, when they were seven- and eight-pointed. The five-pointed star appeared in 1844. For a long time, the sacred green color of the Prophet Muhammad prevailed on Turkish flags, only in 1793 Sultan Selim III ordered the legalization of the red color.
By the time of its collapse in 1918, the Ottoman Empire had a flag on the red panel of which the sacred image of a white crescent and a five-pointed star was repeated three times. In 1923, the flag of the Turkish Republic was established, which still exists today. On May 29, 1936, it was officially approved in a ratio of 3:2.
Until the beginning of the 20th century, the coat of arms of Turkey featured, against the background of military trophies, a shield with a golden month in a green field. The shield was crowned with the Sultan's turban. Decades have passed, Türkiye has become a democratic state, the sultans are a thing of the past in this country. Nowadays, both the coat of arms and the flag of this power have the same design - a golden crescent with a star on a red field.
There are many legends about the origin of these symbols. One of them is associated with the distant year 339 BC. e., when the troops of Philip of Macedon, the father of the famous commander Alexander, surrounded the city of Byzantium, as Istanbul was called in ancient times. The siege was long and bloody, the inhabitants desperately resisted, many people died in the struggle for freedom. Then the enemy decided to dig under the impregnable fortress at night. But suddenly, from behind the heavy clouds, a moon shone and a star next to it, repeatedly reflected in the pools of blood near the city walls. The watchmen on the towers noticed the enemy and raised the alarm. Philip's soldiers retreated with heavy losses, and the city was saved. In memory of this event and as a symbol of freedom from invaders, the crescent with a star became the emblem of Byzantium. Centuries later, in 1453, the hordes of the Turkish Sultan captured the city, and then the entire Eastern Roman Empire. The emblem was transferred to the banner of the winners, and since then the crescent with a star has been emblazoned on the Turkish flag.
If you have been to Turkey, then you probably know what the flag of this country looks like. Its citizens are great patriots, so they hang the red flag with a star and crescent everywhere - on lanterns, on their own balconies and any hills.
Not to mention his image on numerous souvenirs and the decoration of cities with red flags on holidays. The popular name of the flag is ay-yildyz, which translates as “crescent and star” or al-sanjak – “red banner”. The flag of Turkey in its modern form is a red rectangle with a white star and a white crescent. This flag has come to us since 1844, and before that it underwent various modifications: it changed color - from white to green, then from green to red, shape - from wedge-shaped to rectangular. The number of crescents changed on it, stars with different numbers of ends appeared (from eight to five), and the crescent and stars themselves either “got better” or “lost weight.”
Where did the crescent moon come from?
The Turkish flag is one of the oldest in the world, and this makes it very difficult to trace its history back to its inception, as well as understand what it actually symbolizes. There are many versions, speculations and legends. I tried to study them all and put them together.
The moon and star as symbols of the Turks existed long before the emergence of the Ottoman Empire and the adoption of Islam by the Turks. According to one version, they appeared on the Turkic flags as two most important celestial elements, since the ancient Turks (like the Mongols) were adherents of Tengrism, that is, they worshiped the sky. And for the same reason, the flag of East Turkestan is exactly the same as the flag of Turkey, only in a blue, heavenly color.
According to another version, the crescent moon came to the Ottoman Empire from Byzantium. When the Turks captured Constantinople in 1453, they adopted its symbol - a month with a star, which, in turn, received it back when it was Byzantium. According to legend, the army of the Macedonian king Philip (father of the legendary Alexander the Great) besieged the small city of Byzantium, located on the banks of the Bosphorus. On one of the darkest nights, Philip decided to take the city by storm and sent his army to its walls. But suddenly the clouds parted, and the moon illuminated the surrounding area for the residents of the city and the enemy approaching the walls. The attack was successfully repelled, and the moon became the emblem of the city. Emperor Constantine added an eight-pointed star to the crescent as a symbol of the Virgin Mary.
Legends say...
There are several other legends regarding the appearance of the crescent and star on the Ottoman banner. The lyrical story tells that the founder of the Ottoman dynasty, Osman I, was in love and dreamed of marrying Mal Khatun, the daughter of a qadi (Islamic judge). He thought about his beloved for days on end, and one night he had a dream in which the Moon rose from the chest of his beloved and illuminated the whole world from edge to edge. Osman decided that this dream was prophetic and signified that his and Mal Khatun’s heirs would take over the whole world, so he made the crescent moon a symbol of his dynasty.
Another story tells that either Murad II after the battle on Kosovo, which led to the complete defeat of the enemies, or Selim I after the conquest of Egypt and its annexation to the Ottoman Empire, having crushed the enemy, walked along the battlefield in the evening. The Sultan saw the reflection of a crescent and a star in a pool of blood, very similar to his family flag, under which the soldiers went into battle. And this combination of heavenly bodies and shed blood impressed the Sultan so much that he decided to make this image a symbol of his great empire.
It is interesting that the Turks could hardly ever see the crescent in the form in which it is depicted on the Turkish flag. According to astronomers, the Turkish flag depicts an eclipse of the Moon by some unknown object (not the Earth or an asteroid). Such an eclipse could not be observed on Earth for many millennia. Astronomers also found another discrepancy, which was corrected. On the Ottoman flag, the star was inside the crescent, which was impossible from an astronomical point of view.
The controversy continues
There is often an opinion that the crescent with a star on the Turkish flag is a symbol of Islam. This is a common error that occurs as a result of a violation of the cause-and-effect relationship. The star and crescent did not appear on the flag, as they were a symbol of the new religion of the Ottomans, they became symbols of Islam, since the Ottoman Empire ruled almost the entire Muslim world for several centuries. Thus, the flag of the Ottoman dynasty became a symbol of Islam throughout the world.
Why red and white
As for the colors of the Turkish flag, red and white in Turkic mythology correspond to the south and west (therefore, the Mediterranean Sea located to the west of Turkey is called the White Sea in Turkish). The red and white Turkish flag symbolizes the origin of the Turks from the southwestern branch of the Oguzes - the founders of modern Turkey, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and other states. It is believed that the Turkic flag used to be red, but with the advent of Islam it changed its color to the color of Islam - green. In the XIV century. The Ottomans decided to make red the recognized color of their empire and there were two flags - red for official ceremonies and green for religious ones. Red was finally approved as the color of the state flag in 1793 by Sultan Selim III. It is curious that after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, it was decided to preserve the flag, and in 1923 a law was passed on the adoption of the same flag by the Turkish Republic, and in 1936 its proportions were officially approved. According to official legislation, a torn, patched, dirty, faded or crumpled Turkish flag cannot be used or hung anywhere, so as not to offend one of the main symbols of the state. Also, the flag cannot be used to cover tables, chairs, podiums or any other place on which people stand or sit, except for official ceremonies. The flag cannot be used as clothing. Insulting the Turkish flag by word or action is considered a crime and is punishable by law.
What does the anthem say about him?
The flag with a crescent and a star is also mentioned in the Turkish anthem, where it is sung that the red flag of the Turkish people will never disappear or fade, but will illuminate every day, symbolizing the fiery hearts of the Turks. And one more interesting fact - this summer in the Turkish city of Canik, Samsun province, a new municipal building was opened, which is shaped like a crescent, and in front of it is a huge red star. Thus, this peculiar building symbolizes the Turkish flag.
Eustasia SHCHUROVA, AiF – Türkiye
The red color of the Turkish flag originates from Umar, the ruler of the Arab Caliphate and conqueror of Palestine, Egypt and Mesopotamia. In the XIV century. red became the color of the Ottoman Empire. Crescent moon with star is a symbol of Islam.
It is noteworthy that initially the star was located inside the month, which is incorrect from the point of view of astronomy (the star in this case was covered by the invisible part of the Moon), therefore at the beginning of the 20th century, according to the requirements of astronomers, it was moved outside the month. Although at present the flag contains some astronomical discrepancy - the “crescent” does not represent the phase of the Moon (which we can observe from the Earth every month), but an eclipse of the Moon by an unknown object (in size and position of the orbit - not the Earth) of a round shape (which is unnatural for asteroids). In a word, such a Moon is impossible to observe from Earth now and was impossible to observe for thousands of years earlier.
Some sources indicate that the crescent, considered a traditional symbol of Islam, appeared on Turkish flags in the mid-15th century. after the victorious battle of Kosovo, others clarify that it was borrowed from the emblem of Constantinople (now Istanbul) taken in the city, others recall that the image of a crescent with the star of Jupiter was considered the horoscope of Sultan Osman (ruled at the end of the 13th - beginning of the 14th centuries) , was the family emblem of his dynasty.
True, stars appeared on Turkish flags only at the beginning of the 19th century, when they were seven- and eight-pointed. The five-pointed star appeared in the city. For a long time, the sacred green color of the Prophet Muhammad prevailed on Turkish flags; only in the city did Sultan Selim III order the red color to be legalized.
By the time of its collapse in the city, the Ottoman Empire had a flag on the red cloth of which the sacred image of a white crescent and a five-pointed star was repeated three times. The flag of the Turkish Republic is installed in the city, which still exists today. On May 29, it was officially approved in a ratio of 3:2.
Until the beginning of the 20th century, the coat of arms of Turkey featured, against the background of military trophies, a shield with a golden month in a green field. The shield was crowned with the Sultan's turban. Decades have passed, Turkey has become a secular republican state, and the sultans are a thing of the past in this country. Nowadays, both the coat of arms and the flag of this power have the same design - a golden crescent with a star on a red field.
There are many legends about the origin of these symbols. One of them is associated with the distant year 339 BC. e., when the troops of Philip of Macedon, the father of the famous commander Alexander, surrounded the city of Byzantium, as Istanbul was called in ancient times. The siege was long and bloody, the inhabitants desperately resisted, many people died in the struggle for freedom. Then the enemy decided to dig under the impregnable fortress at night. But suddenly, from behind the heavy clouds, a moon shone and a star next to it, repeatedly reflected in the pools of blood near the city walls. The watchmen on the towers noticed the enemy and raised the alarm. Philip's soldiers retreated with heavy losses, and the city was saved. In memory of this event and as a symbol of freedom from invaders, the crescent with a star became the emblem of Byzantium. Centuries later, in 1453, the hordes of the Turkish Sultan captured the city, and then the entire Eastern Roman Empire. The emblem was transferred to the banner of the winners, and since then the crescent with a star has been emblazoned on the Turkish flag.
