Central Russia. Estate "Big Vyazemy"

We stopped by (on the road)! As it turned out, the last time we visited was somewhere before 1994 (when Vyazemy and Zakharovo were united). Results: The church, more or less “fresh”, the belfry, even “fresh”, the lower church has been restored (the interior is completely new), the top is open only once a year (they said on the Assumption), there is a lot of work there, and even on the walkway NOT allowed!; The Horse Yard was restored; The palace, from the outside, looks very good, on the inside, peelings and leaks are already visible, but overall not bad. But the “filling” is much better, much better! Especially the last halls of the second floor (children’s rooms and things), and even two libraries !; The park has been Slightly landscaped, and there are three observation decks on the shore (in my opinion, unnecessary, except in autumn-winter). ... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">

TWO busts of Our Everything appeared, and a monument in honor of the Russian/French camp. Ticket 200 (as part of the excursion - 350), PARK - 30 ("forced" service), exhibitions - 100-150 each, toilet (at the parking lot) - 10 ,drink tea (2) + three rolls - 350! In short, the tendency is clear - to pay FOR EVERYTHING and separately. Therefore, they did NOT take photos! The park was NOT impressive, and the “shore”, as beautiful as it was, remains so! take an excursion, if possible, on weekdays, and just join in (they don’t “condemn”). I was left with a pleasant impression, but with this “trend”, EVERYTHING will become more expensive (almost for no reason!).

The museum complex is wonderful. Here you can order individual excursions(almost 2,000 rubles + entrance tickets, call in advance), and visit the so-called “duty excursions”, which are held daily at 12.00 and 14.00, ticket price is 350 rubles per person, there are no benefits for children. We were on just such a “duty excursion” on Saturday at 12.00, there were less than 10 people, the duration was more than 1.5 hours, we visited the horse yard, the temple, the park and the palace itself with all the exhibitions.
The excursion is mainly dedicated to the owners of the estate - the Golitsyns - rather than to Pushkin, who visited here only as a child. ... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">

We really enjoyed.

traveler ★★★★★

(14-01-2017)

I definitely liked the museum. As the Great Schemer says, “not everything is smooth, but the main thing is that the chairs are intact.” If you want to get sunstroke, then go to France. But here is Russia and nothing can be done about it. Thank you for restoring at least something. Bow to the director of the museum, who they say literally lives the museum. Go to the toilet and you will understand what is good and what is bad..

A small cozy manor. Beautiful church. Only the ground floor is open. Everything there has been renovated, but it’s a bit cramped. Their museums were visited only in the main estate. We did not attend the current exhibitions in the outbuilding. The main manor house has been restored with high quality, a huge amount of work has been done. I really liked it inside. Classical music concerts are held in one of the halls (the library on the 1st floor). The park is being improved and looks good for mid-April; I think it will be green and beautiful in the summer. In principle, the employees are friendly, but I was a little surprised by the situation that did not happen to us. ... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">

Immediately after us, an intelligent wedding couple with about 5 guests came to the ticket office and paid for a photo session in the halls of the estate at the ticket office. When they arrived at the house itself, the grandmother at the entrance told them for about 15 minutes that they still had to coordinate this with the director of the museum, although the ticket office didn’t tell them anything like that. Somehow the employees of one museum need to learn to negotiate among themselves and not spoil people’s holiday.

The church and belfry are magnificent, the manor house gives an approximate idea of ​​the interiors of the 17th-19th centuries, because... the original furnishings have not been preserved. The park is small, the pond is completely overgrown. Two things seemed negative to us: constant noise from the road and an antediluvian toilet.

We visited on March 8, for independent tourists excursions on weekends at 12 and 14 o'clock, approximately 1.5-2 hours, excursion cost 250 rubles/person, photo 175 rubles. or self-excursion without a guide. A beautiful church, but only the ground floor is open, the second floor is closed, restoration is not underway, and the main highlight, on this moment The only such original belfry. The restoration of the estate has been completed, 2 floors are open, beautiful interiors, but the park is not well-groomed, although this may be true in March. I recommend... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">

combine with the Zakharovo estate.

Avtodor ★★★★★

(25-11-2013)

Definitely worth a visit! At 12.00 and 14.00 on Saturdays and Sundays there are on-duty excursions for approximately 1.5-2 hours. The guide's story was a little chaotic, but still interesting. manor house almost completely restored, landscaping work is still underway in the park. And regarding the closure of the park: well, if modern people They can’t behave like human beings and make troubles everywhere... they mutilate trees, leave garbage... there are even notices about this.
yes and winter schedule seems to be talking about the park closing at 20... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">

00, which is quite acceptable.

Konstantin ★★★★★

(28-07-2013)

I visited here after a 10-year break and saw dramatic changes. The estate has been restored (work is still ongoing), fenced, the park is neat with beautiful flower beds and new monuments. There is parking and a clean toilet. Visiting the park is free. I walked around the main house for almost 2 hours looking at everything in detail. Ticket 150 rubles, photo 175 (a little expensive). On the 2nd floor there is a stunning exhibition of artifacts from the Napoleonic wars (weapons and other items). There is an exhibition dedicated to Tarkovsky in the outbuilding, but I didn’t have enough strength. ... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">

And the temple is magnificent.

margarita ★★★☆☆

(9-07-2013)

I live nearby, but it’s impossible to get into the park because... it works from 9 to 18.
Even in the heat of summer. You come home from work and everything is closed. I have lived next to this park all my life. We always walked there, went skiing in winter, but now everything is closed. The park is now well maintained, but it is for employees, not people. The park employees are angry, dissatisfied with their lives and salaries. Who needs such beauty? We go for a walk in Zakharovo Park. A completely different attitude towards people, I want to come again.

Ekaterina ★★★★☆

(18-08-2012)

Active restoration work is underway, preparations are being made for the arrival of statesmen during the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Borodino! A beautiful well-kept park, a well-maintained estate, a powerful temple and an extraordinary bell tower - all this can be seen in Vyazemy. The Zakharovo estate is located nearby!

The manor house is currently undergoing restoration, which is promised to be completed by the 200th anniversary of the Napoleonic invasion, i.e. by September 2012. A serious drawback of B. Vyazem as a vacation spot is constant noise from the Mozhaisk highway. And you can’t escape the influence of the growing city of Golitsyno, which covers the reserve from almost all sides.
Of interest to lovers and connoisseurs of Russian history and, to a lesser extent, to amateur Pushkin scholars.

Lesya ★★★★☆

(6-12-2011)

Nice place, I really liked the park. Especially the sundial. I remember the little belfry! Almost everything is under restoration, a lot of things are not shown. But we have many places that need repairs, so we can only be glad that restoration efforts are underway here.

Local ★★☆☆☆

(19-11-2011)

I live next to this museum, if I may say so. Complete remake and sucks. Not a single real exhibit. Whether Pushkin was here is a big question. At a conscious age - most likely not.

We visited here on 05/02/10. A beautiful restored palace, park, dam. We arrived at 12:00 for the excursion. I liked the guide, she explained everything well, and took us around the park and buildings. And I liked the museum exhibition, there is a lot of things, there is something for antiquity lovers to see. I really liked the little things embroidered with beads, and the doll’s house was great too))) Lots of books from that time, porcelain. And the park, to be honest, is not very good. The proximity of a busy highway spoils the whole impression ((And the flowers... continuation src="/jpg/plus.gif">

there weren’t any in the park(((They would really decorate the estate!

A beautiful place, a well-preserved estate.
Excursions for unorganized tourists are still at 12.00 and 14.00 on weekends.

The impression was spoiled by drunken weddings on site and a boring lady tour guide. The place is very interesting, but the story about it didn’t work out.

For such a large house, there are still not enough restored interiors, but on the second floor there is a piece of a nursery with a doll’s house. The daughter was dragged by the ears and was glued to the spot. Otherwise everything is beautiful and well maintained. They just constantly ask for a ticket for filming and the caretakers discuss their business very loudly and for some reason they drink tea in the halls, rattling dishes. The park is small and a little neglected, which gives it a special charm.

A nice place. The buildings included in the complex have been restored estate-museum. The church and bell tower are interesting. There is also something to see inside the museum premises. Comparison with Zakharov is pointless. In Zakharov everything was restored again for Pushkin’s anniversary. THERE only the foundation of the house remained original.
Bolshie Vyazemy a good place to stop by on a fine Sunday day.

Alena ★★★★☆

(4-12-2007)

We visited in the fall of 2007. Okay, nice. The estate is in excellent condition, there are many signs, however, it is not always possible to find everything indicated, but we will assume that this is our mistake. The river bank is wild, full of weeds and traces of gatherings. However, overall the visit leaves a positive impression.

Origin of the word " Vyazyomy"It is not precisely established. There are two main theories. According to the first, the word comes from the Slavic " viscous", describing the muddy bottom of the nearest rivers. Another theory attributes the word “vyazema” to Finno-Ugric roots, which corresponds to the ending -ma , characteristic of the hydronymy of the Russian North (the rivers Kama, Lakshma, Lekshma, Padma). Be that as it may, the first mentions of Bolshiye Vyazemy refer to mid-16th century- for the first time this name appears in the chronicles of 1556, in a spiritual document Ivan Kalita. While Vyazyomy was the last station on Great Smolensk road before Moscow - " residual pit on Vyazema" Vyazemy is mentioned as a place of meetings with foreign ambassadors.

Approximately in 1585-1586 years king Fedor Ioannovich gave Bolshie Vyazemy to the patrimony Boris Godunov, and from the beginning of the 90s of the 16th century, Boris Godunov began large construction in his new possession. At this time, the estate was built wooden palace, boyar's house, numerous services, orchards. By the end of the sixteenth century ( 1598) a five-domed four-pillar was built on the estate. As stated in the Piskarev Chronicles " Church of the Five Peaks and a stone dam near the pond". On the territory of the estate there was also a wooden Boris Godunov's mansion, St. Nicholas Church, fair building, St. John the Theologian Monastery. The entire complex of buildings was surrounded by a wooden wall with five towers. Additionally, the walls were reinforced with a moat. Thus, to end of the 16th century the entire complex of buildings was a well-protected, powerful fortress. Unfortunately, only the building of the cathedral and the belfry have survived to our times, however, even now from the river side you can see the remains of the ramparts.

In an era of troubled times Bolshie Vyazyomy became a residence False Dmitry- here was his country palace and here, on the way to her fiance in the spring 1606 stayed for a year Marina Mnishek with his retinue of thousands. After her departure, a terrible fire broke out on the estate, destroying more than half of the village. In one of the fires of the Time of Troubles, the wooden palace of Boris Godunov also burned down.

After Mikhail Fedorovich came to the kingdom, 1618 year Vyazyomy were attributed to the palace department.
IN 1694 year Peter the First granted the estate to the prince Boris Golitsyn, "for rescue during the Streltsy riot"Despite the fact that the prince was here rarely, considering it his main estate, Boris Alekseevich Golitsyn put a lot of effort into revival of Big Elms. He restored the destroyed Trinity Church, reconsecrated the church in Preobrazhenskaya, rebuilt the palace. According to the diaries Peter the Great, the emperor visited Bolshie Vyazyomy passing through 1701 and 1705.

Manor house in Bolshiye Vyazemy was built 1 May 1784 great-grandson of Prince Boris Golitsyn, retired colonel Nikolai Mikhailovich Golitsyn. It tells about the date of construction bas-relief on the pediment of the house - "May 1st, 1784"The architecture of the main manor house is not typical of the end of the 18th century. In its archaic nature, it is rather closer to the time of Peter the Great. Outbuildings in the estate were built a little earlier than the main house - in 1771 (left) and in 1772 (right) years. 1797 the year was significant for the estate in that on May 3, the owner of the estate Nikolai Mikhailovich Golitsyn, being by that time the Leader of the nobility of the Zvenigorod district, gave lunch Emperor Paul the First, who visited eminent Moscow nobles after the coronation.

IN first half of the 19th century century, the estate passes to the sons of Natalya Petrovna Golitsyna - Boris Vladimirovich and Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn. Boris Vladimirovich received Bolshie Vyazemy as an inheritance from his uncle, Prince Alexander Mikhailovich Golitsyn. With the beginning of the Patriotic War 1812 year, he and his brother Dmitry Vladimirovich, military generals, went into the active army, although they were retired by that time.

Patriotic War of 1812

Boris Vladimirovich Golitsyn died in January 1813. His ashes were buried in Church of the Transfiguration under a marble tombstone with an image of a mourning angel and an inscription of a verse from the biblical Book of Fates. After the 1917 revolution, the tombstone was moved to the Donskoy Monastery, to the family tomb of the Golitsyn princes.

The War of 1812 did not cause much damage to the estate. After Battle of Borodino, on the way to Moscow in Bolshiye Vyazemy The Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army stopped Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov. And a few hours after his departure, the emperor arrived at the estate Napoleon. The Drakun and infantry corps were stationed in Golitsyn's palace. In memory of those days, a memorial sign in honor of the stopping of two armies in the Patriotic War of 1812. After the Battle of Borodino in Bolshie Vyazyomy delivered a mortally wounded general Bagration, where the prince received medical assistance.

After the War of 1812, the owner of the estate became Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn. In 1820 the prince became military governor general of Moscow and remained in this position for more than twenty years. Dmitry Vladimirovich died in 1844 and was buried, like all the Golitsyns, in the Donskoy Monastery. Through the efforts of Dmitry Vladimirovich by the middle of the 19th century Bolshie Vyazemy become storage many valuable family documents Golitsyn archive, an extensive book collection, collections of paintings and decorative arts.

Sunset of the Bolshie Vyazyomy estate

After the death of Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn, the estate was inherited by his son, His Serene Highness Prince Boris Dmitrievich Golitsyn. However, the new owner lived in France, which did not contribute to the prosperity of the estate. And gradually the estate began to fall into disrepair. This continued until 1882 year, the new owner, the son of His Serene Highness, did not settle in the estate Dmitry Borisovich Golitsyn. With his appearance, the estate returned to its former amenities. IN 1908 year D. B. Golitsyn arranges in the vicinity of the estate suburban village , for which a part of the land is allocated, separated by the railway. Over time, the current village was formed on the site of the village. Golitsyno city. The territory of the village was cut through by 13 avenues, driveways and highways with street lighting. Dmitry Borisovich Golitsyn became last owner of the estate Bolshie Vyazyomy.
The changes that 1917 brought to Russia did not bypass the Golitsyn estate.

Recent History of the Bolshie Vyazyo estate

in autumn 1918 year and spring 1919 years from the estate to the National Museum Fund was exported more than 60 items of cultural and historical value, including engraving with image family tree princes Golitsyns. Family jewelry the Golitsyn families were later transferred to Armory Chamber. A unique product was distributed to libraries book collection, more 30 thousand volumes, collected by Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn. At the same time, in the estate building, first a colony for homeless children was organized, then a sanatorium for old Bolsheviks.
IN 1935 was created near Malye Vyazemy training airfield for the training of parachutists and pilots and were placed in the estate parachute school. Later, in 1940 year, in the estate there was tank school.
IN 1941 year, the former Golitsyn estate found itself in the front line and on its territory a evacuation hospital. By the way, during First World War, was also located here infirmary for 50 beds. Although German troops did not reach Big Elm, the surroundings of the estate were heavily damaged by bombing and shelling. The hospital operated until 1943 year, as stated on the memorial plaque on the manor house.
After the closure of the hospital, a training center was located on the territory of the estate. Zootechnical Institute of Horse Breeding, which was personally supervised by Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny, who visited the estate several times. IN 1952 he laid the first stone in the foundation new building of the institute. IN 1954 year the Institute of Horse Breeding was replaced by Moscow Printing Institute, located in the estate before 1958 years, and gave up this place All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology.
After acceptance into 1948 year of the decision on the restoration of historical and cultural monuments, Bolshie Vyazyomy are included in the list monuments of union significance. During the existence of the estate, Gogol, Bryusov, Leo Tolstoy, Przhevalsky, and Lunacharsky visited it. Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin also visited here.

Pushkin and Bolshie Vyazemy

Close to Big Elm located - the former estate of the grandmother of the great Russian poet Maria Alekseevna Hannibal. Here, in his grandmother’s estate near Moscow, the future poet first saw the beauty of Russian nature, peasant round dances, heard folk songs, and became acquainted with peasant life. These first childhood impressions shaped his views on life. In these places near Moscow he began to write his first poems.
During from 1805 to 1830 Pushkin often came to Bolshie Vyazyomy from . Since there was no church, the Pushkin family went to services in Bolshiye Vyazemy. One of his visits in 1807 was overshadowed by tragic events - his younger brother Nikolai died. Nicholas was buried near the fence Spaso-Preobrazhensky Church on the territory of the estate, from the apses.

WITH Big Vyazem The love story of Alexander Sergeevich is also connected. It was here, in the estate, at one of the balls organized by Prince Golitsyn, that Pushkin first saw Natalya Nikolaevna Goncharova.

Manor Bolshie Vyazyomy occurs more than once in works Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. It is believed that in the novel “Eugene Onegin” serves as a prototype for the Larins’ estate, and Bolshie Vyazyomy- became the basis for describing Onegin’s estate.

Golitsyn Palace on the territory of the estate they call " House of the Queen of Spades ". The prototype of the heroine of Pushkin's story was the court lady of state, Princess N.P. Golitsyna, who enjoyed exceptional influence at court. Bolshaya Vyazyom was owned by her son, Boris Vladimirovich Golitsyn, that is, the “Queen of Spades” was not the mistress of the estate, although this is generally believed , but being a powerful and active woman, she often came to the estate, controlling the state of affairs in the estate.
Now the Bolshiye Vyazemy estate, like the estate, is part of the State Historical and Literary Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin. In the Golitsyn Palace, among the interiors of the 18th-19th centuries. Golitsyn readings “History of the Fatherland” are held.

How to get there

By train from Moscow   1 hour 0 minutes.

From the Belorussky railway station by train to the stop "Statsiya Golitsyno". Walking distance from the station is about 1 km. You can also get from the station by bus or minibuses

From Moscow by car - 40 km.

We leave Moscow along Mozhaiskoye Highway. Without entering the village of Vyazemy itself, turn left before the bridge, and after about 200 meters turn right to the parking lot near the Church of the Transfiguration.

On one of the fine autumn days, we went to Bolshiye Vyazemy to look at the majestic Transfiguration Church, the furnishings of the manor house, the stable building and the surrounding landscapes. The origin of the word “Vyazyomy” is not precisely established. There are two main theories. According to the first, the word comes from the Slavic “viscous”, perhaps this is due to the viscous banks of the river flowing through the territory of the estate, which bears the name Bolshaya Vyazemka, similar to the estate. Another theory attributes the word “vyazema” to Finno-Ugric roots, characteristic of the hydronymy of the Russian North (the rivers Kama, Lakshma, Lekshma, Padma).

Monument to A.S. Pushkin. 1999
sculptor Yu.S. Dines, architect A.V. Klimochkin.

Manor park. Autumn.

Back in 1585, Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich granted Bolshiye Vyazemy as the patrimony of Boris Godunov, and from the early 90s of the 16th century, Boris Godunov began large-scale construction in his new possession. At this time, a wooden palace, a boyar's house, numerous services, and orchards were built on the estate. By the end of the sixteenth century, a five-domed temple in the name of the Transfiguration of the Lord with a belfry was built on the estate.

The entire complex of manor buildings was surrounded by a wooden wall with five towers. Additionally, the walls were reinforced with a moat. Thus, by the end of the 16th century, the entire complex was a well-defended, powerful fortress. The defensive structures of the estate have not survived to this day, which is understandable; the need for them disappeared a long time ago.

Spaso-Preobrazhenskaya Church in the village of Bolshie Vyazemy

During the Time of Troubles, Bolshiye Vyazemy became the residence of False Dmitry - his country palace was here, and here, on the way to her fiancé in the spring of 1606, Marina Mnishek stopped with her retinue of many thousands. After her departure, a terrible fire broke out on the estate, destroying more than half of the village. In one of the fires of the Time of Troubles, the wooden palace of Boris Godunov also burned down.

Clergyman's house

Parochial school. The building is modern.

Nizhny Golitsynsky pond, on the Bolshaya Vyazemka River. Also known as the Gosudarev Pond.

After Mikhail Fedorovich came to the kingdom, in 1618 the Vyazems were assigned to the palace department. And in 1694, Peter the Great granted the estate to Prince Boris Golitsyn, “for salvation during the Streltsy revolt.” Despite the fact that the prince visited here rarely, considering Dubrovitsy his main estate, the prince made a lot of efforts to revive Big Elms. He restored the ruined Trinity Church, reconsecrated the Church of the Transfiguration, and rebuilt the palace. According to the diaries of Peter the Great, the emperor visited Bolshie Vyazemy while passing through in 1701 and 1705. The manor house in Bolshie Vyazemy was built on May 1, 1784 by the great-grandson of Prince Boris Golitsyn, retired colonel Nikolai Mikhailovich Golitsyn. The date of construction is indicated by the bas-relief on the pediment of the house.

There will be many more pictures to come interior decoration a manor house, which is probably more correctly called a villa.

The War of 1812 did not cause much damage to the estate. After the Battle of Borodino, on the way to Moscow, the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Army, Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, stopped in Bolshie Vyazemy. And a few hours after his departure, Emperor Napoleon arrived at the estate. The Drakun and infantry corps were stationed in Golitsyn's palace. In memory of those days, a memorial sign was erected on the territory of the estate in honor of the stopping of two armies in the Patriotic War of 1812.

A sign in memory of the stop of two armies in Vyazemy during the Patriotic War of 1812.

In 1882, a new owner appeared on the estate - the son of His Serene Highness Prince Dmitry Borisovich Golitsyn. With his appearance, the estate returned to its former amenities. In 1908, the new owner established a holiday village in the vicinity of the estate, for which a part of the land was allocated, separated by a railway. Over time, the current city of Golitsyno was formed on the site of the village. Dmitry Borisovich Golitsyn became the last owner of the Bolshie Vyazemy estate.
The changes that 1917 brought to Russia did not bypass the Golitsyn estate.

We go up to the second floor. There are many more pictures of the interior of the manor house.

In the fall of 1918 and spring of 1919, more than 60 items of cultural and historical value were taken from the estate to the National Museum Fund, among which was an engraving depicting the family tree of the Golitsyn princes. The family jewels of the Golitsyn family were later transferred to the Armory Chamber. A unique collection of books, more than 30 thousand volumes, collected by Dmitry Vladimirovich Golitsyn, was distributed to libraries. The estate was used as a colony for homeless people, then as a sanatorium for old Bolsheviks, a school for pilots and paratroopers, a tank school, and an evacuation hospital. By the way, during the First World War, there was also an infirmary with 50 beds.

Former stable. Its restoration is currently underway.

After the hospital was closed, the educational zootechnical institute of horse breeding was located on the territory of the estate, which was personally supervised by Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny, who visited the estate several times. In 1952, he laid the first stone in the foundation of the new building of the institute.

School of Arts, formerly the building of the Institute of Horse Breeding.

Not far from Bolshie Vyazya is the Zakharovo estate, the former estate of the grandmother of the great Russian poet Maria Alekseevna Hannibal. Here, in his grandmother’s estate near Moscow, the future poet first saw the beauty of Russian nature, peasant round dances, heard folk songs, and became acquainted with peasant life. These first childhood impressions shaped his views on life. In these places near Moscow he began to write his first poems.

An old house near the parking area for tourist buses.

Another monument to Alexander Pushkin in the Bolshie Vyazemy estate.

In the period from 1805 to 1830, Pushkin often came to Bolshie Vyazemy from his grandmother’s estate. Since there was no church in Zakharovo, the Pushkin family went to services in Bolshie Vyazemy. One of his visits to Zakharovo in 1807 was overshadowed by tragic events - his younger brother Nikolai died. Nicholas was buried near the fence of the Transfiguration Church on the territory of the estate, on the side of the apses.

The grave of Pushkin's brother Nikolai, who died at the age of six.

There are several more ancient tombstones nearby.

The love story of Alexander Sergeevich for Natalya Goncharova is also connected with Bolshiye Vyazemy. It was here, in the estate, at one of the balls organized by Prince Golitsyn, that Pushkin first saw Natalya Nikolaevna Goncharova. The Bolshie Vyazemy estate appears more than once in the works of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. It is believed that in the novel “Eugene Onegin” Zakharovo serves as a prototype for the Larins’ estate, and Bolshie Vyazemy became the basis for the description of Onegin’s estate. Now the Bolshie Vyazemy estate, like the Zakharovo estate, is part of the State Historical and Literary Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin. In the Golitsyn Palace, among the interiors of the 18th-19th centuries. Golitsyn readings “History of the Fatherland” are held. You can get to the estate from the Belorussky train station by train to the stop "Statsiya Golitsyno". Walking distance from the station is about 1 km. You can also get from the station by bus or minibus. Don’t even think about getting off at the Malye Vyazemy station; you’ll get confused and lost. By car you need to take the Mozhaisk highway. Without entering the village of Vyazemy itself, turn left before the bridge, and after about 200 meters turn right to the parking lot near the Church of the Transfiguration.

Continuing the topic about. In the palace of the Vyazema estate there is a large exhibition dedicated to the Golitsyn family and the history of the estate since the 18th century. The main manor house was built in 1784 by Prince N.M. Golitsyn in the style of early French classicism. After Paul I and his sons visited the estate in 1797, the house began to be called the Palace. At different times, A.S. Pushkin, N.V. Gogol, M.P. Pogodin, M.I. Kutuzov, Napoleon, Paul I and many others visited the palace. During World War II, the headquarters of the Russian army was located here, and after its departure, French institutions were located here. Now in the exhibition you can see portraits of the owners of the estate, restored interiors of rooms, furniture and household items, many paintings and engravings of the 17th-19th centuries. Below is a photo tour of the Vyazema estate palace.
Photos are clickable, with geographical coordinates and linked to a Yandex map, 02.2016.

1. Scheme of museum exhibitions in the Vyazema estate palace

Dining room
2. Dining room

3. Portrait of Prince Boris Alekseevich Golitsyn (1654-1714), the first owner of Vyazem from the family of princes Golitsyn. Unknown artist, early 18th century, copy. It belonged to him

4. Portrait of Count G.P. Chernyshov) 1672-1745), grandfather of the prince. P.P.Golitsyna, 1st floor. 18 in; portrait of Count Z.G. Chernyshov (1722-1784), grandfather of the prince. P.P.Golitsyna, A.Roslen, 1770s; portrait of Countess E.A. Chernyshova (1715-1779), mother of the prince. N.P.Golitsyn, A.Roslen, 1776. Bottom right Prince A.M.Golitsyn (1723-1807), unknown. artist, 1780s. All portraits are copies

5. Prince N.F. Golitsyn, unknown artist, 1730s, copy

Salon (round living room)
6. Salon, from above Apostle Peter, unknown artist 17th century, Italy

7.

8. Sleeping Ariadne, unknown sculptor, copy

9. View of the city of Pompeii, 1830, Italy, Rome, aquatint

10. Square with a fountain, 18th century, Western Europe, etching

11. Square with a fountain and two carriages, 18th century, Western Europe, etching

12. View of the Chausy Palace on the banks of the Seine, 1803, England, engraving

13. Fontainebleau

14. Salon. Madonna of the Sorrows, Guido Reni, 1630-1640, Italy

Boudoir
15. Boudoir, state bedroom of Prince N.M. Golitsyn

16. Palace and park ensemble, fragment, based on a drawing by F. Guarneri, 18th century, Italy, etching

17. Fountain of Apollo in Versailles, drawing and etching by J. Dankers, 18th century, France

18. Fountain of Ceres in Versailles, drawing and etching by J. Dankers, 18th century, France

19.

20. Demolition of the Bastille, kushe-son based on the drawing of the Sea, last quarter of the 18th century, France

Men's office
21. Estate office of the Moscow Governor-General, Prince. D.V. Golitsyn. Portrait of Prince D.V. Golitsyn (1771-1844), F.N. Riss, 1835, copy; portrait of Princess T.V. Golitsyna (1783-1841), F.N. Riss, 1835, copy; portrait of Emperor Nicholas I, unknown. artist, type of F. Kruger, 1850s, Russia

22. Gala reception on the occasion of the presentation of the book. Bust of D.V. Golitsyn on a malachite pedestal from the Moscow merchants, 19th century, engraving

23. View Bolshoi Theater in St. Petersburg, 19th century, engraving

24. The Descent of the Holy Spirit on the Apostles, Corneli, 574, etching

25. Seascape with fishing boats and fishermen, C. Vernet, author’s repetition of the 19th century

26. A sad procession to accompany the body of the late Sovereign Emperor Alexander I in Bose, 1825, Russia, paper, ink

Masonic Hall
27. Masonic Hall

28. Palace and park ensemble and cascade of fountains in Kassel, engraving by A. Speculus from a drawing by F. Guarneri, Italy, 18th century

29. Mercy of Samaritan, engraving by A. Bereznikov, Russia, turn of the 18th-19th centuries.

30. Portraits of famous masons

31. Masonic accessories: elements of vestments; diploma of the Masonic lodge "Palestine", issued to the book publisher A. Semyon in 1812 (in the center); sword in a sheath with knightly symbols, Western Europe, early 20th century.

Pink living room
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33. Lady against the background of Gothic ruins, unknown artist, Western Europe, 18th century.

Foreign library
34. Here September 11, 1812 M.I. Kutuzov’s office was located. Kutuzov's headquarters were located in the Vyazema estate on September 11 and 12, 1812. The exhibition in the foreign library is dedicated to the commanders of the Patriotic War of 1812

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37. List of peasant warriors of the Moscow militia from the Vyazema estate, awarded in 1813 with the medal “In Memory of the Patriotic War of 1812.”

French hall
38. After the departure of the Russian army, On September 12, 1812, the palace was occupied by I. Murat, the Neapolitan king, along with the vanguard of the French army. On September 13, at 13:30, Emperor Napoleon arrives in Vyazemy in a carriage (he was sick and could not sit on a horse). Napoleon settled in the village of Borisovka, from where he left on the morning of September 14 and was already at Vorobyovy Gory at 10 o’clock. Throughout September and October, Vyazemy was on the main communication line of the Grand Army.

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41. Main staircase with hunting trophies

Hunting cabinet
42. Hunting cabinet

IN State Historical and Literary Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin (Vyazema estate) On February 10, the traditional day of memory of the great Russian poet took place. On this day, February 10 (January 29), 1837, A.S. Pushkin died from a wound received in a duel with Dantes. The Vyazema estate has a long and rich history. In the 16th century, the palace of Tsar Boris Godunov stood here, surrounded by fortress walls, and he also erected a church here. Life-Giving Trinity, which has survived to this day. During the Time of Troubles, False Dmitry I lived in the palace, and Maria Mnishek also visited here. The first Romanov tsars also visited Vyazemy, and Peter I gave the estate to Prince Boris Golitsyn. In 1812, first Kutuzov and then Napoleon stayed at the estate. A.S. Pushkin’s brother Nikolai is buried near the Transfiguration Church, and the poet’s estate is located nearby in Zakharovo.
Photos are clickable, with geographic coordinates and linked to a Yandex map, 02.2016.

Historical reference:
A settlement on the site of the modern Vyazema estate has existed since the 14th century. The name Vyazemy was first found in documents of the 16th century; under Ivan the Terrible, Vyazemy was the last station before Moscow along the Great Smolensk Road. Then the village was called Nikolskoye-Vyazemy. At the end of 1584, the village was donated by Tsar Fedor I Ioannovich to his brother-in-law Boris Godunov, who immediately started a large construction project here.
Under him, a wooden country palace, a stone belfry and a five-domed Trinity Church were built here, and a dam was built on the river. Vyazyomka. This is where they were located wooden church Nicholas the Wonderworker and the Monastery of St. John the Theologian, which arose in pre-Godunovsky times. The ensemble of the royal residence near Moscow was surrounded by a moat, a rampart and a wooden wall with six towers, which is why Vyazemy acquired the appearance of a fortress - a “fortress”.
After the death of Boris Godunov, Vyazemy passed to False Dmitry I, who in the winter of 1606 staged a “funny battle” here between the German guards and Polish cavalry with the Moscow boyars. In May of the same year, Marina Mnishek stopped for five days in Vyazemy, on her way to Moscow. After her departure, a fire broke out in the village, turning 30 peasant households to ashes. In 1611, peace negotiations with Jan Sapieha took place here.
In 1618, the wooden palace of Boris Godunov, along with the “prison,” burned down, and the place where it stood was later built up. During the Time of Troubles, the Monastery of St. John the Theologian and St. Nicholas Church burned down. After the “Ravage of Moscow”, only the Trinity Church, the belfry and the dam remained from the former royal residence.
Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich stayed in the Trinity Church during his trips to Zvenigorod.
In 1694, Peter I granted the estate to Prince Boris Golitsyn. In the 18th century, a clergy house was built next to the cathedral, which, together with the cathedral and belfry, was surrounded by a stone fence. In the second half of the 18th century, under the great-grandson of Boris Alekseevich, Nikolai Mikhailovich Golitsyn (1729-1793), a palace (1784) and two outbuildings (1770s) were built, and a regular park was laid out at the same time.
In 1812, M.I. Kutuzov, and later Napoleon, stayed at the estate. In memory of these events, a memorial sign was erected on the estate. In 1820, a stone bridge was built across the Vyazemka. At different times, the estate was visited by Pavel I, N.M. Przhevalsky, V.Ya. Bryusov, L.N. Tolstoy. The name of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin is associated with the estate. A few kilometers from here was the Hannibal estate - Zakharovo, where the poet spent his childhood. A. Pushkin’s younger brother, Nikolenka, who died in infancy, is buried near the wall of the church.
In 1987, the State Historical and Literary Museum-Reserve of A. S. Pushkin (GILMZ A. S. Pushkin) was created on the territory of the estate.
Now there are several exhibitions on the territory of the estate:
- (I recommend a mandatory visit to everyone);
- Boris Godunov Museum on the 2nd floor of the horse yard (I recommend it to archeology lovers);
- exhibition of contemporary landscape painters on the 3rd floor of the horse yard;
- “Sculptor’s Workshop”, N.A. Konenkova Museum in the eastern wing (wooden sculptures).
Sources: Internet, Wikipedia, book by A.V. Alekseev “Church Antiquities of the Zvenigorod Land”

1. Scheme of the museum of the A.S. Pushkin reserve at the Vyazema estate

2. The village of Vyazemy, Prince D.V. Golitsyn,

3. View of the Vyazema estate, lithograph by V. Timm, 1850s, from the exhibition located in the palace

4. Bust of Pushkin at the entrance to the museum

5. Horse yard after restoration. In the XVI-XVII centuries. on this site was the palace of Tsar Boris Godunov (burnt down in 1618), the foundation of which was discovered during archaeological excavations(subfloor, remains of walls, wooden pipes, terracotta tiles, etc.). Now in the building of the equestrian yard there is an exhibition dedicated to Boris Godunov, and on the third floor there is an exhibition of contemporary landscape painters

6. Horse sculpture

7. Museum of Boris Godunov. On display are details of Boris Godunov's palace found during excavations. In the center you can see a screen showing interesting slides about the history of Boris Godunov’s palace and the archaeological excavations being carried out, I recommend viewing

8. Right wing of the horse yard

9. Left wing of the horse yard, now a children's center

10. Church of the Transfiguration (originally the Life-Giving Trinity), erected by Boris Godunov in 1598, consecrated in 1600. During troubled times, it was devastated by Polish invaders. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich stayed in the church during his trips to the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery in Zvenigorod. The church was renamed Preobrazhenskaya by Prince B.A. Golitsyn, to whom Vyazemy was assigned by Peter I. In 1812, the church was destroyed again, this time by the French. In the 1930s The church was closed and reopened in 1992.

11. Transfiguration Church and belfry, built before the church, in the 80s. 16th century

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16. Belfry, 80s. 16th century

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18. The fence around the church was built at the end of the 18th century

19. Necropolis

20. Grave of A.S. Pushkin’s brother - Nikolai

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23. Tombstone from the grave of Pyotr Vasilyevich Durnovo, 18th century. It comes from the territory of the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, where before the revolution, near the walls of the Nativity Cathedral, there was a tomb of the Durnovo family. After the monastery was closed in 1919 and the monastery necropolis was destroyed, this tombstone was taken out of town and thrown into a quarry. It was discovered by accident a few years ago local residents and transported to the Vyazema estate. The monument of the “Muffed Column” type (a column broken by a cube) had a clear class affiliation and was installed only on the graves of nobles

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25. A unique tombstone, unique for its epitaph. Tombstone made of white stone, children's, peasant, transported from the old cemetery in the village. Crimean. Made in the form of a chapel pillar. The poetic epitaph is interesting and touching: “Under this stone is the resting place of the baby Sergei Shustrov born on July 15, 1913, died on August 19, 1916. Poem. Quiet fox (t)ya not make noise my Sergei sleep soundly under the stone cross he sleeps rest rest dad and mom wait "

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27. Medieval tombstone, 1599

28. it’s the same, you can see the inscription, a pattern in the form of a pigtail and a fork-shaped cross

29. Under the snow there are medieval tombstones (with a fork-shaped cross) found in Zvenigorod and Kubinka. Full list medieval tombstones with a fork-shaped cross posted on my blog, see

30. Monument to A.S. Pushkin, sculptor Yu.S. Dines, architect A.V. Klimochkin, installed in 1999 for the 200th anniversary of the poet’s birth

31. Western wing, 70s. 18th century

32. Palace, 1784. Now there are two floors occupied by a museum, where the atmosphere of the 18th-early 20th centuries has been recreated, and the halls are dedicated to different eras and the owners of the Vyazema estate. You can take a photo tour of the palace

33. Wildlife monument of local importance - white poplar, age 90 years. In general, on the territory of the estate almost all linden trees are 160-175 years old and they are also a monument to wildlife

34. Golitsyn Palace from the side of the pond

35. Panorama: eastern wing, palace, children's art school (1930)

36. A memorial sign for the stopping of the Russian and French armies in August 1812, 2002. In the Vyazema estate in 1812, after the Battle of Borodino, first the Russian army stopped during its retreat, and then the advancing French