Ethnic composition of the states of Eastern Europe in the table. Geography lesson "population of foreign Europe"
Based on the information from the directory “World Population” (S.I. Brook; M., 1986), the territory of Foreign Europe can be divided into 4 regions:
1)Eastern Europe- Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Czech Republic.
2)South- Albania, Andorra, Vatican City, Gibraltar, Greece, Spain, Italy, Malta͵ Portugal, San Marino, Yugoslavia.
3)Western- Austria, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Monaco, the Netherlands, France, Switzerland.
4)Northern- Denmark (from Faroe Islands), Ireland, Iceland, Norway, Finland, Sweden.
There are also North- Western Europe– Great Britain and Ireland.
Linguistic classification of the peoples of Europe.
The vast majority of Europe's population belongs to Indo-European language family.
Roman group- about 180 million (as of 1983ᴦ.) (including non-indigenous - for example, 30 thousand Argentines)
Italians - 55950 thousand.
French - 45650
Spaniards - 28,000
Romanians - 20190
Portuguese - 11130
Catalans - 7290
Walloons - 3930
Galicians - 3100
Sardinians - 1500
French Swiss - 1120
Rhaeto-Romans - 770 (Friuls, Ladins and Romans). Descendants of Romanized Rhets, close to the Etruscans. Ladins (20 thousand) - in Switzerland and Italy (province of Trento in the Trentino-Alto Adige region). Romanches (50 thousand) - only in Switzerland. Friuli (700 thousand) - in Italy (province of Udina in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia).
Corsicans - 280
Italian-Swiss - 235
Normans - 125 - population of the Channel Islands - Guernsey and Jersey (Great Britain), descendants of the Norman conquerors of the 11th century.
Aromanians - 110 - Romanized Illyrian population, partially Slavicized. In the 6th century. pushed back by the Slavs to the south of Moesia. They live in the mountainous regions of Serbia. Close to them are the Meglenites in southern Macedonia. Also in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece
Sanmarinians - 22
Andorrans - 11
Monegasques (Monacos) - 6
Istro-Romanians - 1 - Romanized group east coast peninsula of Istria. In “Peoples of the World” they appear as an ethnic group of Romanians.
Moldovans - 2.8 million - in Moldova, Ukraine - 324 thousand, Russia - 172.6.
German group- about 177 million
Germans - 75210 thousand
British - 43350
Dutch 11750
Swedes - 8100
Austrians - 7220
Flemings - 6930
Danes - 5140
Scots - 5010
German-Swiss - 4060
Norwegians - 4050
Alsatians - 1400
Jews - 1340
Ulsterians (Anglo and Scots-Irish) - 1000
Friezes - 405
Luxembourgers - 290
Icelanders - 240
Faroese - 42
Gibraltarians - 25
Liechtensteiners - 19
Slavic group- 82 million
Russians – in Russia – 120 million, Ukraine – 11356 thousand, Belarus – 1342, Moldova – 562, Latvia – 905.5, Estonia – 474.8, Lithuania – 344.5
Ukrainians – in Ukraine – 37419, Russia – 4362, Moldova – 600; Belarus – 291, Latvia – 92.1, Estonia – 48.3, Lithuania – 44.8. The total number in the world is more than 45 million.
Belarusians – Belarus – 7904.6, Russia – 1206.2, Ukraine – 440, total number in the world – 10.5 million.
Poles - 36560 thousand
Serbs - 8630
Bulgarians - 8720
Croats - 4940
Slovaks -4680
Muslims (Bosnians) - 2230
Slovenes - 2080
Macedonians - 1770
Yugoslavens - 1250
Montenegrins - 585
Lusatians – 100
Today there are also Moravans - 1360 thousand people. Previously they were classified as Czechs.
Greek group- about 10 million
Greeks - 9900 thousand (in Russia - about 100 thousand, Ukraine - about 100 thousand)
Greek Cypriots - 76
Karakachans - 12 (Northern Greece, South-West Bulgaria, South-East Yugoslavia, pastoralists, Modern Greek, Orthodox, the Greeks call them Vlachs).
Celtic group- 7.5 million
Modern Celtic languages are divided into two branches:
1) Qu-Celtic - Gaelic languages (Irish and Scots), in which K became qu (k,c). Οʜᴎ - Goidelic languages - are more ancient, related to the Celts of the Pirinean Peninsula.
2) P-Celtic - Gaulish languages, they are also Welsh - Welsh and Breton. K has become p. (See Philip Ya. S.72).
Irish - 5730 thousand
Bretons - 1000
Welsh (Welsh) - 700 - name from Old English wealnus - foreigner. In ancient times, the people themselves called themselves cymri, which many researchers derive from cumbroges - fellow citizens.
Gaels - 90 - Highlands of Scotland and the Hebrides. According to S. Brooke - Gaelic in 1961. 81 thousand people knew. (less than 1 thousand Gaels in the Hebrides spoke only Gaelic). 1981 – 60 thousand knowledgeable.
The people of Cornwall are close to the Welsh. The Cornish are considered an ethnic group of the English.
The population of the Isle of Man belonged to the Goidelic group.
Albanian group- 4810 thousand
Albanians - Yugoslavia (Kosovo) and Albania. The self-name Shkiptars dates back to the 18th century, before that they were Arbers or Albanians. The language has many borrowings from Latin, ancient and modern Greek. There are two groups of dialects: Gheg (northern) and Tosk (southern), which have been around since 1945. declared the official language.
Technological map of the lesson of the academic discipline OUD.16 “Geography”
on this topic "Population of Foreign Europe"
Developed by:
Geography teacher
BKTIG
Arslanova Rima Vakhitovna
TECHNOLOGICAL LESSON MAP
to form an idea of the characteristics of the population of Foreign Europe
Lesson Objectives
Educational: to generate knowledge about the population of Foreign Europe, its characteristics and composition; study national composition, religion and migration; find out the reasons for the unfavorable demographic situation in the region being studied
Educational : cultivate a sense of responsibility, promote the formation of personal ideas about the value of knowledge; cultivate a sense of patriotism and pride for one’s homeland; promote the development of communication skills; develop interest in the subject being studied
Educational: create conditions for cognitive activity, intellectual and creative abilities in students;develop the ability to independently work with a textbook, additional literature, apply various sources of knowledge for proof, comparison, and specification
Planned results
Subject
Define the concepts: demographic winter, depopulation, population migration, national composition, urbanization; explain the reasons and characteristics of the population of Foreign Europe
Personal
development of sustainable cognitive motivation and interest in the need to know about the population of foreign European countries; formation of the ability to self-determination, respect for other opinions
Metasubject
Develop the ability to set educational goals; ability to work with the text component of the textbook and additional sources information, explain the meaning of the topic being studied
Universal learning activities
Cognitive
independently highlight, formulate the cognitive purpose of the lesson, define the concepts of reproduction, depopulation, population migration, urbanization, suburbanization. characterize the national and religious composition; structure knowledge; consciously and voluntarily construct a speech statement in oral and written form; analyze, select information, process information to obtain required result
Communication
cooperation with the teacher and classmates in searching and collecting information, the ability to express one’s thoughts
Organization of educational space
Geography textbook, geography atlas for grades 10-11, political map world, projector, teacher presentation, TsOR: social network educators nsportal.ru, www.wikipedia.org
1. Organizational moment. Self-determination for activity (goal setting)Hello guys. In the previous lesson we started getting acquainted with European countries.
The topic of our lesson today is “Population of Foreign Europe”. (Slide 1)
More than 40 states on the map of Europe are as different as Europe itself: ancient and young, with old castles and modern cities, with a raging sea and calm surface of lakes, with flower beds and pastures, with a population speaking dozens of languages.
Population... Behind this simple word lies the fate of millions of people who lived hundreds, thousands of years ago. They live now and will live in the future. What concepts related to population are you already familiar with?
birth rate, mortality, density, national, sex and age composition, migration, employment. All this will make our task easier - to characterize the population of Europe. Today we must demonstrate our knowledge, creativity, and the ability to cogently express our point of view. (Slide 2)
Setting a lesson goal
Entering into a conversation. Students answer questions and formulate the purpose of the lesson - to identify the features of population reproduction, national, religious, sexual, age composition, migrations of Foreign Europe.
Regulatory Communication
2. Checking homework. Frontal survey.
Let's remember what we know about Europe.
How much area does Europe occupy? (5.4 million km 2)
What are the features of EGP of European countries
Compactly located, most countries have access to the ocean, highly rugged coastline, providing an opportunity for the development of maritime transport
Situational tasks
The political map of Europe has undergone many changes throughout the history of its formation. How did the political map of Europe change in the 20th century?
How many countries are there on PC Europe today?
What are natural conditions Europe?
What natural resources does she have?
Name and show on the world map the countries of Foreign Europe that determine the economic power of the region. (G7 countries)
Working with the map.
3 times: after World War 1, after World War 2, in the 90s. After World War II - the split of Germany, the 90s - the Czech Republic and Slovakia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia left Yugoslavia in 1991-1992, at the beginning of 2006 Yugoslavia broke up into Serbia and Montenegro and actually ceased to exist, in connection with the collapse of the USSR - December 26, 1991 - Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia were formed)
Over 40
Most of– plains (60%) and hills (24%), High mountains only in the south (6%) the relief and climate allow the development of many sectors of the economy; the climate is temperate over most of the territory
Baltic shield - ore, coal - basins of the Ruhr, Saar, Yorkshire, Wales, Upper Silesia, oil and gas - on the shelves of the North and Caspian seas, in the foothills of the Pyrenees, southern Poland - sulfur, iron ore - Lorraine basin in France and Kiruna - Sweden , hydropower and forest resources - Norway, Sweden, Finland;
Great Britain, Germany, France, Italy – countries of Western Europe
Cognitive Communication
Individual tasks for two students -Task: (check in pairs)
Which pairs are correct:
a) neighboring countries: b) capital countries:
Bulgaria – Romania Belarus – Kyiv
Germany – Slovakia Sweden – Oslo
Italy – Liechtenstein Iceland – Reykjavik
Belgium – Luxembourg
Norway – Finland Latvia – Riga
Iceland – Denmark Poland – Warsaw
Spain – Andorra Albania – Tirana
Monaco – France Slovakia – Ljubljana
Croatia – Romania Austria – Copenhagen
Greece – Hungary Switzerland – Bern
Annex 1.
Two students work in pairs
What conclusion can you draw about Overseas Europe from all that has been said?
Students formulate a conclusion: Foreign Europe is one of the centers of world civilization, the birthplace of the Great geographical discoveries, industrial revolutions, urban agglomerations, rich natural resource potential. This region occupies one of the leading places in world politics and economics. In particular, by the size of industry and agricultural production, by the export of goods and services, by the development international tourism.
Communicative Cognitive
3.Learning new material
a. Population
b. Age composition
c.Gender composition
g.Population reproduction
d.National composition
e.Religious composition
and. Density and urbanization
h. Migrations
1.The population of Foreign Europe is 740 million people. (Slide3) This region has a very complex and not very favorable demographic situation. Compared to the world, it has the lowest birth rate and natural increase rates. (Slide4) Demographers call this phenomenon demographic winter. In most countries in the region, there is a downward trend in the birth rate. As a result, according to 2014 data, the average birth rate is 11 people per 1000 inhabitants (Russia - a little over 11 people). The reasons for this low birth rate are varied. But the main ones should be considered general demographic processes. (Slide 5) This is an increase in average life expectancy (76 years), (in Russia - 65, women - 73, men - 59), a sharp increase in the “price” of a child, the influence of an urban lifestyle, the fragility of the family, the weak influence of religion. In addition, there are political, social and other problems that are shaking modern Europe. The mortality rate, which averages 11 per 1,000 inhabitants for the entire region, is higher than the world average. The result of this is an aging population and a violation of gender composition. (Slide 6) But one cannot ignore such factors as industrial injuries, occupational diseases, accidents, alcoholism, drug addiction, etc. More than 100,000 people die every year on European roads and more than 2 million are injured. Since this applies to a greater extent to men, the number of men in Europe is significantly lower than the number of women. .
Exercise 1. Before you lies the table “Reproduction of the Population of Foreign Europe”. Analyze the table. In the route map, indicate the countries that are leaders in terms of fertility, mortality, and natural increase (1 g). 2 gr. – indicate the countries that have the lowest rates of fertility, mortality and natural increase. Try to draw a conclusion. (3 min.) (Slide7, 8, 9)
2.By national composition (Slide 10) The population of Europe is relatively homogeneous. Representatives of 80 ethnic groups live in Europe. (map at the end of the textbook) The majority of the population belongs to the Indo-European language family. The most numerous groups are Slavic (Poles, Czechs, Serbs, Bulgarians, Russians, Ukrainians, Croats..), Germanic (Swedes, Germans, English, Dutch, Icelanders...), Romanesque (French, Italians, Spaniards, Romanians, Portuguese. .). In Europe there are languages of the Uralic family, spoken by Finns, Estonians, Hungarians, etc.
Remember which countries are called single-national and which are multinational?
Task 2.
Which European countries belong to each of these groups? Analyze the atlas map, additional information, and present the results in the form of a table in the route map.
There are many countries in Europe with complex national composition, in which there is an aggravation of interethnic relations. Let's listen to the report that I have prepared for you
3.(Slide 11) In Foreign Europe, the dominant religion is Christianity. In Southern Europe, Catholicism predominates, with its center in the Vatican. In Northern Europe - Protestantism, and in Central Europe These denominations are represented almost equally. Orthodoxy is practiced by the population of Eastern and Southeast Europe. This is the population of countries such as Bulgaria, Serbia, Romania, Greece, Montenegro.
Islam is practiced in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Albania and the partially recognized republic of Kosovo. Recently, the Islamic factor has been strengthening due to the influx of migrants from Islamic countries.
4. (Slide 12) Foreign Europe is one of the most densely populated regions of the world. Average density population – 100 people per 1 km2. But the population is distributed unevenly from 3 people. per 1 km 2 in Iceland up to 406 people - in the Netherlands. The highest density in Monaco is 15,000 people. The distribution of the population is determined primarily by the geography of cities. The level of urbanization in Europe is one of the highest in the world. In Belgium it is 99%, in Denmark – 87%, in France – 78%. The total number of cities reaches several thousand; they are located compactly and form agglomerations.
Using the atlas map, (page 15 of the atlas) additional information classify European countries into highly, moderately and highly urbanized. Present the results in the form of a diagram in the route map. ( individually) (5 minutes). (Slide 13,14,15,16,17,18)
5. Since the time of the Great Geographical Discoveries, foreign Europe has been the main supplier of migrants overseas. (Slide19 Currently, Europe is the main center of gravity work force. At the end of the 90s, the number of migrants in the countries of the European Union alone, according to some data, exceeded 20 million people, and Europe’s share in the total volume of world migrations increased to 20%. This number includes migrants for various reasons, but the bulk of newcomers are labor migrants, the so-called guest workers. The influx of migrants has led to the aggravation of many social contradictions, both in the labor market and in general demographic terms, which is associated with a much greater natural increase in migrant families and an increase in their share in general population.
Trace the directions of migrations, reflect the results in the form of a table in the route map.
They start a conversation and remember the population of Foreign Europe.
Notebook entries.
Determine the age and sex composition of Europe using diagrams in the textbook.
Appendix 2.
They analyze the table and draw conclusions about the most disadvantaged countries in terms of reproduction. All countries of Foreign Europe belong to type I of population reproduction, except Albania. The reasons for the high natural increase in Albania are the influence of Islam.
Recall language families and groups.
Notebook entries
Appendix 3.
Fill out the table.
They draw conclusions.
Student report
They remember the directions of Christianity. They determine the belonging of different peoples to them.
Appendix 3.
Using the atlas, students identify highly urbanized, moderately urbanized, and weakly urbanized countries, and record the results in a route map.
They conclude that the rather low level of urbanization in countries Southern Europe. This is due to the fact that this region has favorable conditions for development Agriculture, traditions of large families are preserved, etc.).
Give a definition of migration, types, reasons for migration.
Students fill out the migration table in the appendix and draw conclusions that there is a pattern between countries of emigration and immigration. Countries of emigration - countries former colonies, countries of immigration are metropolitan countries. Appendix 3.
Cognitive
Communication
Cognitive
Communication
Cognitive
Communication
Cognitive
Communication
Cognitive
Communication
Communication
Cognitive
Regulatory
Communication
Cognitive
Communication
Cognitive
Cognitive
Communication
Cognitive
Communication
4. Fastening
Offers a test for consolidation. 1. Population of Europe in millions of people according to 2014 data?
A) 390 B) 620 C) 540 D) 740 E) 850
2. Country with type 2 reproduction in Europe:
A) Macedonia B) Italy C) Finland D) Estonia E) Albania
3. The average population density of Europe (not including Russia) is (per 1 km2):
A) 86 people; B) 366 people; C) 100 people; D) 406 people; E) 230 people.
4. What % is the level of urbanization in France?
A) 69 B) 89 C) 93 D) 58 E) 78.
5. Europe is the main distribution center:
A) Christianity; B) Buddhism; C) Judaism; D) Islam.
Working with the dough.
Appendix 4.
Communicative Cognitive
5. Reflection
What did you find difficult while studying the topic?
Why are we studying this topic?
What contribution can each of you make for normal interaction between different nationalities?
Student answers
Communication
6. Homework. Ratings
Study paragraph 17, at contour maps mark the countries of Europe and their capitals.
Write down homework.
Literature and websites
1. Federal state educational standard of secondary (complete) general education
2. Federal component of the state standard of general education. Geography / Ministry of Education Russian Federation. – M., 2004.
3. Maksakovsky, V.P. Economic and social geography of the world: textbook. for 10th grade educational institutions / Maksakovsky V.P. M.: Enlightenment. 2007.
5. Site materials:
Federal Center for Information and Educational Resources // . wikipedia . org
Annex 1
Exercise: (check in pairs)
Which pairs are correct:
a) neighboring countries: b) capital countries:
Bulgaria – Romania Belarus – Kyiv
Germany – Slovakia Sweden – Oslo
Italy – Liechtenstein Iceland – Reykjavik
Belgium – Luxembourg Portugal – Rome
Norway – Finland Latvia – Riga
Iceland – Denmark Poland – Warsaw
Spain – Andorra Albania – Tirana
Monaco – France Slovakia – Ljubljana
Croatia – Romania Austria – Copenhagen
Greece – Hungary Switzerland – Bern
Appendix 2
Population reproduction
Fertility
Mortality
Natural increase
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Great Britain
Ireland
Iceland
Macedonia
Netherlands
Norway
Portugal
Slovakia
Slovenia
Finland
Croatia
Switzerland
Appendix 3
Route map
Exercise 1.
Task 2.
Task 3.
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Task 4.
Appendix 4
Test to reinforce the lesson.
1. Population of Europe in millions of people according to 2014 data?
A) 390 B) 620 C) 540 D) 740 E) 850
2. Country with type 2 reproduction in Europe:
A) Macedonia B) Italy C) Finland D) Estonia E) Albania
3. The average population density of Europe (not including Russia) is (per 1 km2):
A) 86 people; B) 366 people; C) 100 people; D) 406 people; E) 230 people.
4. What % is the level of urbanization in France?
A) 69 B) 89 C) 93 D) 58 E) 78.
5. Europe is the main distribution center:
A) Christianity; B) Buddhism; C) Judaism; D) Islam.
Unified collection of digital educational resources //
Nowadays, more than 60 peoples live in Foreign Europe. The variegated ethnic mosaic (Table 6) was formed over several millennia under the influence of both natural and historical factors. Vast plains were convenient for the formation of large ethnic groups. Thus, the Paris Basin became the center of education of the French people, and the German nation was formed on the North German Lowland. Rough mountain landscapes, on the contrary, complicated interethnic ties; the most variegated ethnic mosaic is observed in the Balkans and the Alps.
National composition of the states of Foreign Europe
Table 6 Uninational* With large national minorities Multinational Iceland France Great Britain Ireland Finland Spain Norway Sweden Switzerland Denmark Slovakia Belgium Germany Romania Croatia Austria Bulgaria Serbia and Montenegro Italy Estonia Bosnia and Herzegovina Portugal Latvia Macedonia Greece Lithuania Poland Hungary Czech Republic Slovenia Albania Compiled by the author.
* Due to the multi-million migration to Western Europe and the subsequent assimilation of immigrants, countries such as Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands can be considered conditionally single-national.
One of the most pressing problems modern Europe- interethnic conflicts and national separatism. Confrontation between the Flemings and Walloons in Belgium in the 1980s. almost led to the split of the country, which in 1989 became a kingdom with federal structure. For several decades now, the terrorist organization ETA has been operating, demanding the creation of an independent Basque state in
Basque territories in northern Spain and southwestern France. But 90% of the Basques oppose terror as a method of achieving independence, and therefore the extremists do not have popular support. Acute interethnic clashes have rocked the Balkans for more than ten years. One of the main factors here is religious.
Migration has a significant impact on the ethnic composition of Europe. From the 16th to the beginning of the 20th century. Europe was a region of predominantly emigration, and in the second half of the last century - mass immigration. One of the first waves of mass emigration to Europe is associated with the 1917 revolution in Russia, from where more than 2 million people left. Russian emigrants formed ethnic diasporas in many European countries: France, Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Great Britain, Yugoslavia.
Numerous wars and conquests have also left their mark, resulting in most European nations having a very complex gene pool. For example, the Spanish people were formed on the mixture of Celtic, Roman, Arab, and Jewish blood that lasted for centuries. The Bulgarians bear in their anthropological appearance the indelible signs of 400 years of Turkish rule.
In the post-war period, the ethnic composition of Foreign Europe became more complex due to increased migration from third world countries - former European colonies. Millions of Arabs, Asians, Latin Americans and Africans flocked to Europe in search of better life. During the 1970-1990s. there were several waves of labor and political emigration from Turkey and the republics of the former Yugoslavia (Table 7). Many immigrants not only took root in Germany, France, Great Britain and other countries, but also assimilated and are included in the official statistics of these countries along with the indigenous population. A higher birth rate and active assimilation of alien ethnic groups lead to a change in the appearance of modern Germans, French, and English.
More on the topic § 3.2. National composition:
- National composition of the population and national problems
- 11.4. National wealth, its composition and structure. The problem of assessing national wealth
- 8.5. National wealth, its composition and structure. The problem of assessing national wealth
- National wealth: concept, composition, structure, problems of assessment
- System of National Accounts. Gross National Product (GNP). Gross Domestic Product (GDP). National product, pure national product. Consumer and Producer Price Index.
- 20.3. GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT AND GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT. COMPOSITION and CALCULATION METHODS
- 8. The relationship of macroeconomic indicators in the system of national accounts (SNA): GDP, net domestic product, gross national income (GNI), personal disposable income, national wealth.
- Topic 5. National economy. The concept of economic potential, national wealth and human development index.
