Shanghai: population. Shanghai population size and density

The city of Shanghai is considered to be a financial, economic, scientific, technological, commercial, industrial and cultural center countries. For more than 6 years in a row, its port has been a leader in terms of cargo turnover, and in terms of container transportation volumes it is right behind Singapore. As a result, Shanghai port generates 12.5% ​​of China's GDP.

The industrial sector of the city occupies a leading position in the state. The most profitable and developed areas are automobile production, mechanical engineering, petrochemical refining, metallurgy, textile and light industry.

The Pudong business district houses branches, head offices and representative offices of the world's largest corporations. The headquarters of the People's Bank of China, which oversees the free market, is also located here. The city of Shanghai is of great interest to investors because joint ventures here are exempt from taxes for three years.

East Paris

Shanghai is a cozy, hospitable and, at the same time, the most highly developed metropolis in China. It miraculously intertwines western chic and oriental charm. The metropolis is replete with expensive restaurants, breathtaking skyscrapers, fashionable shopping centers, casinos, luxury hotels and ancient architectural buildings. All this is in harmony with each other, and creates a special, attractive aura, so you want to return to Shanghai again and again. Europeans often compare it with Venice and Paris, which is why the city even has many beautiful nicknames - the Pearl of the East, shopping paradise, East Paris.

Shanghai hosts all year round international exhibitions and festivals, and almost every visitor knows about the “four streets” for shopping. In general, the topic of shopping deserves a separate discussion, since the city can be called one huge supermarket with all categories of goods and their prices.

Nightlife in Shanghai is quite varied and vibrant. Most entertainment establishments are open until dawn. Over the past few years, famous jazz musicians have chosen to perform at local concert venues.

The history of Shanghai - the city above the sea

The first fishing villages on the territory of modern Shanghai were already in 617-910, but independent administrative unit he became in 1553. At this time, a wall was built around the village, and the new town was given a name that remains unchanged today. Shanghai literally means “city above the sea”.

During the Opium War, the city experienced the first stage of sharp economic growth, which was due to its advantageous location on the sea. Silk, opium, food and other goods were transported through its port to other countries and regions. In the 19th century, a stream of emigrants from Europe poured here, which provoked the emergence of lower social strata of society with bad reputation and habits.

With the advent of communism, ethical principles were restored in Shanghai, the opium trade and prostitution were banned, which led to economic stagnation. In 1990, a new milestone began in the history of the city, which continues today.

Did you know?

• There is a marriage market in the city, where instead of food or clothes, advertisements for the search for a wife or husband hang on the shelves.
• At the initiative of the Russian community, a monument to Pushkin was erected in Shanghai

Transport

Shanghai has a fairly developed urban transport system. The fastest way to get around here is the metro, but its lines do not connect all areas. Buses and trolleybuses go anywhere in the city, and their tickets are quite cheap, but the problem of traffic jams is quite noticeable, as in any metropolis of this size.

Ferries transport passengers along the Huangpu River. From the embankment to the financial and trade zone, a tourist tunnel has been laid underground, in which small electric locomotive cabins run. This tunnel is considered one of the attractions of the modern era.

Safety

Shanghai is considered a relatively safe city. Severe penalties are provided for crimes against tourists, so you should only beware of pickpocketing and walking at night in dangerous areas.

What to see

Among the most famous sights of Shanghai are the Jade Buddha Temple, the Garden of Joy, Shanghai TV Tower, Nanjing Street and others.

Shanghai population

Shanghai is the most populous city in the world and the first in area, also in the world, and not just in China or South East Asia. This is both the main financial center and a mega-, or it would be more correct to call it giga-, policy, conveniently located at the mouth of the Yanzi River, in eastern China. Known as the Pearl of the Orient, why did you think the local landmark TV tower was named that way, and Paris of the East, has more than 24 million people, which means the population of Shanghai has already exceeded the population of neighboring Taiwan.

In fact, 2016 was the first year in which the population decreased rather than increased, by 04%. Average density The population is 2,059 people per square kilometer, although this number increases to 3,854 people in the city center.

The area of ​​Shanghai is 6340 square meters. km., mostly steppe, here and there hills in the southeast, but the maximum height is only 4 meters. Shanghai also boasts an extensive network of rivers, canals, and lakes, all of which create excellent conditions for the development of the city. Shanghai has been one of the fastest growing cities in the world, doubling growth figures every year since 1992, except during the 2008-2009 global recession.

Demographics

According to 2010 data, 89.3% of Shanghai's population, which is 20.6 million people, was urban, and rural areas accounted for only 10.7%, equal to 2.5 million people. More than 39% of Shanghai's population are long-term migrants, a figure that has tripled in the past 10 years, migrants mainly from Anhui (29%), Jiangsu (16.8%), Henan (8.7%) and Sichuan (7.0%), of which almost 80% are from rural areas. It is thanks to migrants that the population of Shanghai has constantly increased, since the natural increase of Shanghai has been negative since 1993.

As in most of China, the vast majority of Shanghai's population is ethnic Han (98.8%), and only 1.2% belong to ethnic minorities.

There are 150,000 officially registered foreigners in Shanghai, approximately 31,500 Japanese, 21,000 Americans and 20,700 Koreans. These are numbers based on official data; most likely in reality there are much, much more foreigners.

Shanghai population growth

Although many believe that Shanghai has reached its peak in population, this is far from the truth. Shanghai, like Beijing, is projected to have a population of 50 million by 2050, twice the current population, thanks to rapid urbanization and strong economic growth.

We all remember the “One Family, One Child” policy that controlled the population. On the other hand, this certainly influenced the decrease work force and a dramatically aging population. Rural migrants have given Shanghai the growth it needs, and it is their children and their children's children who will fuel population growth in the years to come.

China is also testing new reforms to its registration system, called hukou, which will encourage migrants to move to cities, giving migrants the same benefits as natives.

Shanghai still has many demographic challenges to overcome, chief among them a gender imbalance with 113 boys to 100 girls, and an aging population that will pose a major burden on the city and its growth potential in the future.

General information and history

Shanghai (in simplified Chinese - 上海, in pinyin - Shànghǎi; in Wu - 上海) is the largest city in China and the largest seaport on the planet. It is also one of the most populated cities in the world and four cities under central control of the PRC. A significant cultural and financial center of the country. It is located in the eastern part of China, on the shores of the East China Sea, in the Yangtze Delta, 1050 kilometers from Beijing. The date of foundation dates back to 751. The territory of the city is 6,340.5 km².

Before receiving city status, Shanghai was part of Songjiang County under the leadership of Suzhou Government. After the Song Dynasty came to power in 960, the city began to gain importance as a seaport, with the result that the former Songjiang County became just one of its districts. In 1553, a fortress wall was built around Shanghai, as a result of which it became a city. But until the 19th century, Shanghai was not one of the most significant cities of the Qing Empire and did not have a sufficient number of historical attractions. From that time on, his role began to increase, since thanks to geographical location, Shanghai became a center of trade with Western countries.

During the First Opium War (1840-42), British troops took possession of the city for some time. According to a number of documents concluded, after its completion, Shanghai was opened to foreign trade, and Western countries also received extraterritorial rights. In 1853, during the Taiping Rebellion, the city was taken by the rebel splinter triad "Society of Small Swords", as a result of which the rural part of Shanghai was devastated. Its inhabitants rushed to seek refuge in foreign settlements.

The following year, the first annual meeting of the Shanghai Municipal Council, which administered foreign concessions, took place. Nine years later, by combining the settlements of the United States and Great Britain, the Shanghai International Settlement was formed. As a result of the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95, a Japanese settlement appeared in Shanghai. The new colonialists built a number of factories here, which was then done by the Europeans, laying the foundation for urban industry.

After this, the city set out to become the most significant financial center in the world. Far East. During the Republican government in 1927, Shanghai became a special city, and three years later - a central city. In 1932, Shanghai was shelled by the Japanese. Five years later, the city was taken by the Japanese Empire, after which a puppet government was formed there until 1945. Despite the occupation, refugees from Europe began to move there, including Jews, for whom Shanghai was safe at first. But at the end of 1941, due to German pressure, a Jewish ghetto was opened in the city.

In 1949, the communists took power in Shanghai, after which most foreign companies moved to Hong Kong. Despite the change of system, the city continued to develop, becoming in the 60s a significant industrial center and the base of the left forces of the Communist Party. During the Cultural Revolution, Shanghai maintained its industrial level and level of social stability. For many years the city was a major tax source for the Sami in the People's Republic of China. This influenced the rapid development of capital construction and infrastructure. The negative side of Shanghai's importance is that economic reform there began only in 1991. In the mid-1980s, economic liberalization occurred in Guangdong Province. It was chosen because it generated almost no taxes into the state budget and the authorities considered Guangdong to be most suitable for economic experiments.

In 1992, the central government, led by the city's former mayor, set out to gradually reduce Shanghai's taxes in order to attract investors, both domestic and foreign. This was done with the aim of making Shanghai one of the economic centers of East Asia and to replenish the state treasury. Thanks to this, Shanghai has become the leader in China in terms of economic growth - 9-15% per year.

Districts of Shanghai

Shanghai is administratively divided into one county and 16 municipal districts: Baoshan, Minhang, Pudong, Putuo, Songjiang, Xuhui, Fengxian, Huangpu, Hongkou, Jing'an, Jinshan, Jiading, Qingpu, Changning, Zhabei, Chongming and Yangpu.

The city is divided by the Huangpu River into the East (Pudong) and West (Puxi) banks. Pudong is the economic center of Shanghai, and Puxi is the historical center.

Shanghai population for 2018 and 2019. Shanghai population

Data on the number of city residents are taken from federal service state statistics. The official website of the Rosstat service is www.gks.ru. The data was also taken from the unified interdepartmental information and statistical system, the official website of EMISS www.fedstat.ru. The website publishes data on the number of residents of Shanghai. The table shows the distribution of the number of Shanghai residents by year; the graph below shows the demographic trend in different years.

Shanghai population chart:

The population of Shanghai in 2014 was about 24.3 million people, and the density was 3809 people/km².

In 2000, the population of Shanghai, including the non-urban zone, was 16,738,000 people, this figure also includes those who live in the city temporarily (3,871,000 people). Between 1990 and 2000, the number of Shanghai residents increased by 25.5%. The majority are men - 51.4% and those between the ages of 15 and 64 - 76.3%. The percentage of residents over 65 years old was 11.5%, and children under 14 years old - 12.2%. In 2007, the number of city residents over the age of 60 was 20.8%. The number of illiterate residents is 5.4%. An estimated 5 million people live in the city illegally, mostly migrant workers from Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces. At the end of 2009, the number of temporarily registered people living in Shanghai for more than six months was 5,419,000 people. The number of those officially included in statistics has increased by 77.8% since 2000. Average life expectancy in 2003 was 79.8 years (men - 77.78 years, women - 81.81 years). IN national composition the majority of residents (99%) are Han Chinese, and 0.4% are Dungans.

Most city residents speak the Shanghainese dialect Chinese language, which is quite different from it. The Shanghai dialect does not have official status; this role is played by the standard dialect of Chinese Putonghua (official Chinese spoken language). Mandarin is spoken fluently by all citizens under 50 years of age. English language, mainly owned by young people under 26 years of age, who study it at school, as well as older native townspeople who studied it before the communists came to power.

Ethnic names: Shanghainese, Shanghainese.

Shanghai city photo. Shanghai Photography

Information about the city of Shanghai on Wikipedia:

Link to Shanghai website. You can get a lot of additional information by reading it on the official website of Shanghai, the official portal of Shanghai and the government.
Shanghai official website

Shanghai city map. Shanghai Yandex maps

Created using the Yandex service People's Map (Yandex map), when zoomed out you can understand the location of Shanghai on the map of Russia. Shanghai Yandex maps. Interactive Yandex map of the city of Shanghai with street names, as well as house numbers. The map has all the symbols of Shanghai, it is convenient and not difficult to use.

On the page you can find some descriptions of Shanghai. You can also see the location of the city of Shanghai on the Yandex map. Detailed with descriptions and labels of all city objects.

One of the largest metropolises not only in China, but throughout the world is Shanghai. What is the population of this city today? What is its density? And what are the challenges faced by local authorities in Shanghai?

How do megacities appear?

IN modern world many cities with large populations. And it’s very good when a city is located over a large area and has a low density of residents. But what if the metropolitan area is very limited? It also happens that the city is surrounded by the sea and rocks, so its construction is directed upward. At the same time, the number of inhabitants per square kilometer is actively increasing. And from a simple town it quickly turns into a densely populated one. That's exactly what Shanghai is.

The population of this metropolis is growing rapidly every year. This is the most Big City China, located in the east of the country in the Yangtze River Delta. It is an important cultural and financial center, as well as the largest seaport in Asia. Shanghai is divided into sixteen municipal districts and one county.

Shanghai: population and its distribution

Shanghai is the most densely populated city China and one of the most At the end of 2011, there were 23.47 million permanent residents, of which 9.35 million were visitors from other regions and another 14.12 million had residence permits in Shanghai.

The population of Shanghai is predominantly Han Chinese. The city is home to 118 thousand people of minor nationalities, of which 7 thousand are Hui. In addition to Chinese citizens, approximately 160 thousand foreigners permanently live in this city.

The official language of the city is standard, which is taught in educational institutions. However, communication in Everyday life occurs more often in the Shanghainese dialect of Shanghaihua. But this dialect has now become less common. Shanghai is gradually becoming shopping mall world, where many workers from other provinces come, so the Putonghua language is increasingly used in the city. There are even social movement, which wants to preserve the Shanghainese dialect.

The population of Shanghai is not very evenly distributed throughout the city. Thus, the most densely populated areas are Pudong, Yangpu and Changning. The city average is 3,706 people per square kilometer of area.

Shanghai: population and its growth

In 1843, Shanghai was opened to foreign trade, after which its population began to rapidly increase due to immigration. Most often, people came here from the provinces of Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangdong and Jiangsu. Many refugees arrived in the city during the Cultural Revolution, causing Shanghainese to move to the provinces. In the 1990s, migrants from Australia, Japan and other countries appeared in Shanghai.

1992 was a period of market reforms carried out later than in southern provinces. Until this time, most of the city's profits were irrevocably sent to Beijing. The policy of opening up and reform has attracted people to Shanghai from other provinces of China.

It should be noted that Shanghai immigration legislation is quite strict; it is difficult to obtain a city residence permit, despite the current simplification of the rules. Every year, approximately twenty thousand people are able to obtain such permission through the program for attracting professional employees.

Shanghai is a large construction site in Asia

Like most other regions of the country, Shanghai is also experiencing a construction boom today. However, differences modern architecture The cities have a unique style. Thus, the upper floors of many high-rise buildings where restaurants are located are often shaped like flying saucers. Many buildings currently under construction are high-rise residential buildings of varying heights, designs and colors. Today, enterprises responsible for planning the development of Shanghai pay close attention to the formation of parks and green areas in residential complexes to improve the quality of life of its population.

Modern Shanghai is once again the main center of communication between the entire country and the West. For example, an information center has been opened here where Chinese and Western health institutions exchange experiences. Pudong has buildings that are very similar to the residential and business areas of cities in America and Europe. International hotel and shopping areas are located nearby. Although the population density is very high, Shanghai is famous for its fairly low crime rate and welcoming attitude towards all foreigners.

Transport system in Shanghai

The city's transport system is modern. Compared to most other Chinese cities, the streets in Shanghai are kept clean. At the same time, it surpasses many other large cities in China in terms of air quality. Although, compared to other megacities on the planet, Shanghai's air is significantly polluted.

Shanghai is actively developing public transport: Thirteen metro lines operate in the city as of 2010. Ten more lines are planned to be introduced by 2020. There are also more than a thousand bus routes in Shanghai.

By the way, the oldest trolleybus system in the world operates here, launched back in 1914. In most of the world's megacities, trolleybuses appeared only in the 60-80s of the last century.

The problem of overpopulation in Shanghai and its solution

The population density of Shanghai is so high that numerous legends are already being formed about this amazing fact. But in 2014, a completely unimaginary tragedy occurred in the city. IN New Year's Eve A lot of people gathered in one of the squares (about 300 thousand people). Soon a crush and stampede began in the square, as a result of which 36 people died.

Indeed, Shanghai is suffering greatly from this. Its population grew so rapidly that the authorities were forced to take it seriously. Thus, until 2014, Shanghai residents (like all other residents of China) lived according to the principle “One family, one child.” In 2014, this harsh rule was revised - some families were allowed to have a second child.

Some more interesting demographic facts

The city of Shanghai is growing every year. It is impossible to believe that just a hundred years ago there was tiny village. Today, the skyscrapers of Shanghai confidently stretch upward, as if competing with each other in size.

We bring to your attention a few more interesting demographic facts about this city:

• Shanghai, whose population today has nearly reached 24 million, had only 16 million inhabitants at the beginning of this century;
• There are exactly 2% more men in the metropolis than women;
• 74% of Shanghai citizens are considered able to work;
• The city has fairly high life expectancy rates: 77 years for men and 81 years for women.

Conclusion

In the modern world there are many large and densely populated megacities. One of them is Shanghai. Population of this Chinese city has approximately 23.5 million people. For comparison: approximately the same number of people live in all of Romania or, say, Australia.

At the same time, the city of Shanghai is growing and expanding every year. The population of the Chinese metropolis at the beginning of the new millennium was only 16 million inhabitants. The rapid demographic growth is also associated with the construction boom that the city is experiencing today. Nevertheless, Shanghai manages to remain one of the most prosperous and comfortable cities in China.