Fleet teams. Pirate and maritime terms

Maritime jargon

The most vivid in its figurative part of the vocabulary of sailors is represented by units - words and phrases that belong exclusively to the elements of colloquial speech, which is realized in conditions of informal communication. This is the part of the vocabulary in which it is often difficult to separate professionalism from jargon, since both successfully replace the corresponding equivalent of literary speech used in official documents and official settings. An integral part of the social-group speech of sailors, the vocabulary that can be presented as a language passport by a representative of this social group, the most striking feature of the speech portrait of a sailor, is maritime jargon.

The main features of maritime jargon are: eloquence (individual units may have a different graphic form), different life span of each individual unit, regional marking, which is explained by the existence of a lexical unit in the speech practice of sailors, the presence of fashionable words, which, as a rule, have a very short life, the connection of military maritime with the general jargon of the armed forces, their types and branches of the armed forces, borrowing from the jargons of other social groups, primarily the youth and criminal environment, the presence of a kind of folklore, as an obligatory fragment of the subculture of this social group - moralizing tales, proverbs, stories.

Units of maritime jargon reflect the conceptual world of service in the fleet: Kuli (a derisive nickname for a sailor who does not have a military rank), Janmaat (joking, sailor), der GroЯe (novice navigator) Huhnboot (small boat), "der blaue Peter" (Signalflagge P-flag P of the international code of signals), abreiten (to storm, wait out the storm, laying down in a drift), Erste Geige (full dress), Adelsborst - mockingly sea cadet, Affensitz - helmsman's place in a rowboat, Aldislampe - (Handmorselampe - pocket lamp for Morse code transmissions), Hand für Koje- fare on board by physical labor, Himmelshaken (a non-existent tool, an item that a novice must look for to amuse the crew) Himmelskomiker (sea pastor) Kaffeesegler (a derisive name for a cozy, unsportsmanlike sailing vessel), kapern ( seize a ship), kappen (chop, chop), Fettkeller (Maschinenraum-engine room), Kellerkinder (engine room staff), In Kiellinie fahren (keep in the wake column), klar Schiff machen and many others. others (Dolzhikov S., No. 10, 2002, p. 14).

Commands and orders in the fleet

In any collective activity, whether it is a team of athletes or a group of tourists, construction or aviation, law enforcement agencies or the army, clear personnel management is necessary to achieve the set goals. As a rule, the team is managed through assignments and orders.

Instructions and orders are an integral part of the sailing vocabulary. In this kind of activity, such lexical combinations are extremely important, since the success of the voyage and even the fate of the entire team depends on the interaction of the crew. In the navy, there is a clear distribution of duties and positions among the crew of the ship (a similar structure in the armed forces). The maritime language is very rich in various command expressions, especially when it comes to vocabulary on sailing ships. To solve the assigned tasks, the teams come from the higher command staff to the lower-ranking crew members.

Examples of various commands

Rund achtern!- around back!

Stützen!- keep the course straight!

stütz Ruder!- resist the turn of the ship during the maneuver!

klar bei Anker! -- make an anchor for recoil!

Besanschot an- the traditional command on large sailboats to give out a glass of schnapps

fest!- command to stop (stop) lifting, mooring

Halt Wasser!- Command to stop the rowboat

in Segelstellung bringen!- the command to turn off the engine and sail

Comm auf!- bring the paddle to the middle part of the ship, boat

Recht so!- command to keep the course

Ree!- under the wind!

alle Mann an Deck! - all up! (command)

Rein Schiff!- team for thorough cleaning of the ship

setzen die Segel!- raise the sails

abfahren!- Push off!

Captain
The ships of that time were usually commanded by aristocrats who did not have special knowledge of navigation and navigation. Pirates also elected the captain of the most experienced and courageous member of the team. Contrary to literature, a pirate captain rarely enforced discipline from his sailors through scolding and iron fists. He was respected by the rest of the crew if he had a strong character, was bold and could successfully capture enemy ships. If the captain showed cowardice or cruelty towards his crew, the pirates rebelled and threw the captain overboard, or at best, landed on a desert island. Although some of these unfortunate captains were more fortunate, they managed to persuade the crew to land them in the nearest port and they got a chance to recruit new sailors and buy a new ship. The captain had no right to be last anywhere. The only thing that was not considered a manifestation of cowardice was if the captain remained on his bridge during the hand-to-hand combat, and did not climb ahead of the boarding team. In fact, the captain had no more power than any other pirate, he only led the ship and the crew during the battle. The captain decided when and to which port the ship would go, was responsible for navigation and performed the duties of a pilot. If the team believed that the captain was not coping well with his duties, he became an ordinary pirate, and another sailor chosen by the whole team took his place.

Quartermaster
The quartermaster was responsible for the condition of the ship. His main task was to distribute and supply various materials needed on the ship, including gunpowder, as well as carry out repairs, distribute booty and punish the offenders. Thus, it can be said that the duties that were performed on an ordinary ship by one person, the captain, were distributed among the pirates between two. This made it possible to exclude unity of command on the ship, which the pirates so hated. When the captain was leading the ship in battle, the quartermaster had to lead the boarding party and be in the hottest part of the battle. He also had to determine how valuable the captured cargo was and distribute the booty. Naturally, gold and silver were of the greatest value in mining. But the quartermaster also had to determine how to deal with the cargo of the captured ship. After all, often the hold of a pirate ship could already be filled with booty and one product had to be thrown away for the sake of another, more valuable one. The quartermaster was also the only person on the team who could determine the punishments for the offending pirate. The captain could only demand punishment for the guilty, but the degree of guilt was determined by the quartermaster, even if this went against the opinion of the majority. In addition, the quartermaster acted as a judge in disputes between members of the team and also in duels, if they did not contradict the pirate code. Thus, the quartermaster in matters of military operations, the division of booty and management of the team was higher than the captain of the ship.

First Mate
On most ships, there was also the position of first mate, who acted as captain during his absence. The first mate was also needed to lead the team in capturing an enemy ship. Some of the pirate captains always had a first mate on the ship, but most often this position was occupied by the owner of the ship. But often the first assistants led riots on ships against the captain. Especially dangerous was the collusion of the first mate with the quartermaster or boatswain. In fact, two or three officers could easily seize power on the ship into their own hands without bloodshed, it was enough just to draw up a new agreement with the team, and then the most terrible fate awaited the former captain. He was either planted on desert island, or hung on the yardarm of his own ship, although it sometimes happened that the former captain became a simple member of the team.

Navigator
The most experienced sailors, who know the navigation and sea charts perfectly, become navigators. Plotting a course and determining the location of a ship is a very difficult task. The navigator must be able to use various astronomical instruments, calculate the course of the ship and navigate it in the most dangerous places during the voyage. Often the navigator could single-handedly save the ship during the battle, directing it only to him alone through the known passage between the rocks. The navigator is in charge of priceless nautical charts, navigational instruments and ship clocks. If there was no clerk on the ship, then keeping records and accounting was also assigned to the navigator. In turn, the first mate sometimes acted as navigator.

Boatswain
The crew of the ship has always had people whose responsibility was to maintain the technical condition of the ship and manage the crew. It was these duties that were performed by junior officers - ship's boatswains. One boatswain was responsible for equipping the ship, the other for managing the deck crew. There was also a boatswain, carrying out the setting of the ship at anchorage. Of course, on a small ship, all these duties were combined by one person. In this case, boatswain duties were carried out by captains and quartermasters. Sometimes one of the boatswains, whose duties were charged with managing the sails, was called the Master of Sails. Such specialists were highly valued among pirates, since sailing was a rather complicated science. To help the Master, an ordinary boatswain also stood out, who monitored the condition of the sails, gear and rigging, and also duplicated the master's commands during a battle or storm.

A carpenter
The carpenter was an extremely important member of the crew, who was responsible for maintaining the buoyancy of the ship, the health of the hull and masts. Good carpenters were also highly valued by carpenters - pirates were sometimes even allowed not to participate in hand-to-hand combat. The carpenters were responsible for quickly repairing damage to the hull during the battle, and also fastened the cladding boards during a storm. In addition, the carpenter's duties included maintaining the state of repair of wooden masts, decks, as well as purchasing high-quality materials for repairs on the high seas on the shore. During the cruising of the ship, the main part of organizing this hard work also fell on the carpenter, but at the same time the whole team helped him.

Gunner
The gunners were also highly valued specialists who were responsible for the serviceability of the guns, their readiness to fire, and also personally commanded their guidance during the battle. This science was very difficult, so they were required not only to have a good eye and sober calculation, but also years of constant training and participation in real naval battles. In addition to the gunner, the cannon crew could consist of several people, whose duties included cleaning the gun barrel, loading, lighting the fuse, rolling the gun back into place after the shot. A separate team could be responsible for the tray of cores and gunpowder, opening and closing loopholes. On pirate ships with a small team, the cannon crew often consisted of 2-3 people, and fire could only be fired from one side.

ship's doctor
Doctors were highly valued among pirates, and often, when an enemy ship was captured, the doctor was first of all offered to join the winning team. The doctor was the only person who was allowed not to sign the pirate agreement. often the doctors of a captured ship were paid a reward if they simply provided assistance to members of the pirate crew. If there was no real doctor on the ship, any suitable pirate who had at least some knowledge of medicine was chosen for this position. A case is mentioned when a ship's carpenter was chosen as a doctor - as he had the necessary "tools" to perform amputations. Sometimes ship cooks were involved in healing - they were familiar with working with meat, but they were less skilled than carpenters.

Ship cook (cook)
The ship's cook was responsible for food and food supply. In order to become a real cook, one had to learn how to cut meat carcasses, know the rules for storing food, and also follow certain rules for cooking, otherwise the team could easily send the would-be chef overboard due to wasted food or rotten drinking water. When visiting ports, the ship's cook had to provide provisions for the ship's crew throughout the entire upcoming voyage, so with the help of the strongest sailors, he had to visit local markets and grocery stores. During the voyage, assistants were constantly allocated to the koku, whose duties included maintaining the fire in the hearth and carrying food. Food was cooked in special ovens, as wooden ships were very fire hazardous. During the battle, the cook participated in the battle along with the entire team.

Pirate
The pirate is the main cell of the team. The main skill should be the ability to fight and risk your life. Freedom, wild cheerful life, contempt for death are the basic principles of pirate philosophy.

gunpowder monkey
This position originated in the British navy. That was the name of the boys who were part of the weapons team. Pirates often kidnapped or lured the most dexterous and sly port boys onto their ships and used their dexterity and dexterity. 11-13 year old pirates were engaged in cleaning weapons, cleaning ship premises, bringing gunpowder and charges during the battle, in a word, they were ordinary errand boys. They could crawl into the most hidden corners of the ship, so pirates often used them to look for various caches on captured ships. On the shore, the boys delivered secret letters to the allies of the pirates and were used as scouts in enemy cities. Due to their agility and speed, gunpowder monkeys were often the only ones who managed to escape during the death of a ship or the capture of pirates. Beginners on a pirate ship were generally trained as gunpowder monkeys regardless of age. The gunpowder monkeys were the most underpaid and unskilled sailors.

Piracy Agreement
"June 30, 1683
June 30th day, 1683. Articles of the agreement, adopted between us on board the "Camelion" under the command of N. Klov, that we will jointly dispose of all goods that are on board; each must receive his rightful share in full. The commander alone will receive two and a half shares for the ship, and whoever the captain pleases to take as an assistant will receive one and a half shares.
Such things, Gentlemen, should satisfy you, as well as that the doctor is entitled to a share and a half, and such are the articles to which we all adhere, both individually and collectively.
This should assure you that we intend to trade with the Spaniards and not to deal with any nation that we meet at sea.
So, Gentlemen, we hereby declare that if anyone should continue to oppose us, he will be severely punished according to what he did, and all of you present here have taken a joint oath on the holy gospel to hold on to each other until the end of life.
John Hallamore
thomas dixon sign
Robert Cockram
cross of Joe Darwell
Arthur Davis Cross
D. Morrin cross
John Renals
sign of Robert Duzin
Nick. clov
Samuel Hainsworth
Daniel Kelly
William Heath
John Griffin
Henry Mickelson
Albert Dezen
Simon Webson sign
William Strocher
Edward Doe
John Watkins
Edward Starkey
George Paddisson sign
John Copping
Henry Levin sign.

rules
Disciplinary norms were stipulated in special "Rules" - a charter adopted on every pirate ship.

Bartholomew Roberts Rules
I
Each crew member has the right to vote on pressing issues; he has an equal right to fresh provisions and spirits as soon as they are seized; he may use them as he pleases, unless it becomes necessary for the common good to restrict their use.
II
Each member of the crew must be called, in accordance with the established procedure, on board the prize ship, because, in addition to his share of the captured booty, he can still take a change of linen. But if anyone tries to deceive the partnership and appropriate a silver plate, jewelry or money, then his punishment will be landing on a desert island.
III
No member of the crew is allowed to play cards or dice for money.
IV
Lights and candles must be extinguished at 8 pm. If any of the crew after this hour still wants to continue drinking, they must do so on the upper deck.
V
Each member of the crew must keep the guns, pistols and cutlasses clean and in good working order.
VI
No child or woman is allowed on board. The one who brings a disguised woman to the ship should be executed.
VII
Anyone who willfully leaves the ship or his place during the battle is sentenced to death or landing on a desert island.
VIII
No one has the right to fight on board the ship, but any quarrel can be resolved on shore with a saber or a pistol. In the event that both sides could not come to an agreement, the quartermaster rides with them to the shore in order to monitor the correctness of the duel and put the opponents with their backs to each other at the prescribed distance. When the command is given, they turn and must fire immediately or the pistol is knocked out of their hands. In the event of a mutual miss, the boarding sabers go into action, and the quartermaster declares the winner of the one who bled first.
IX
No member of the crew has the right to talk about disbanding the fraternity until each has collected a share of 1000 pounds. If during the service someone lost a limb or became a cripple, then 800 dollars are transferred to him from the social capital; in case of lesser damage, he receives proportional compensation.
X
When dividing the spoils, the captain and quartermaster receive two shares each, the skipper, boatswain and gunner - one and a half shares, the remaining officers - one share and a quarter.
XI
Musicians rest only on Sundays, and on the other six days and nights they are not entitled to this unless they receive special permission.

Phillips rules
I
Everyone must obey the established rule: when dividing the booty, the captain is entitled to one and a half shares, the quartermaster, carpenter, boatswain and gunner - a share and a quarter.
II
If it happens that someone escapes from the ship or hides some secret from the company, then he must be landed on a desert island with one horn of gunpowder, one bottle of water, a musket and a bullet.
III
For stealing any item from the company or for cheating during the game, the culprit must be left on a desert island or shot.
IV
If we meet one of those left on a desert island (i.e. a pirate) and this person signs our charter without the consent of the whole company, then he must be punished, as the captain and carpenter determine.
V
While this rule remains in force, anyone who strikes another will receive according to the law of Moses (which is forty lashes without one) on his bare ass.

2. And if the guilty person is worthy of a beating, then let the judge order him to be put down and beaten with him, depending on his fault, according to the score.
3. Forty blows may be given to him, and not more, so that your brother may not be disfigured before your eyes from many blows.

VI
Anyone who rattles a weapon, smokes tobacco in the hold without a cap on his pipe, or carries a lit candle without a lantern will be subject to the same punishment.
VII
Anyone who does not keep his weapons clean and ready at all times, or neglects this matter, will be deprived of his share and punished by the sentence of the captain and the carpenter.
VIII
A person who has lost a hand or foot in battle is entitled to 400 reais; who lost a limb - 800.
IX
If we meet a respectable woman and someone pokes her head without her consent, he will immediately be put to death.

What did the pirates drink?

It is generally accepted that real pirates drank only rum. This is true, in those days rum enjoyed great fame due to its properties. Rum was made from molasses, and thanks to this, it did not spoil in the heat. While fresh water began to stink of rot after a couple of days, a small addition of rum returned the normal taste to the water. Hence the well-known name appeared - grog - a "cocktail" of water and rum.

Naturally, since I wanted to drink all the time, rum and water were also consumed very often. It is not surprising that almost all pirates were the worst drunkards. The amount of rum issued to pirates was practically unlimited, and therefore sea voyages often turned into formal drinking parties and ended in disasters.
Pirates were very fond of beer, which they took a lot with them on trips, but beer has a habit of spoiling, so it was naturally less than rum. Wine also took place on pirate ships, but it is disproportionately less than other drinks. Wine was an officer's privilege and they drank it little and rarely.

Sailor food was special because it had to meet several vital requirements: be reasonably compact, super-nutritious, and preferably non-perishable.
As for the diet of pirates, it was based on meat food captured from the port and goods intercepted from merchants. It is quite difficult to call pirates picky about food, therefore, it does not make much sense to investigate this issue.
Crackers, corned beef, cereals, rum. Under good circumstances - onions, garlic (the most valuable means). In case of bad ones - “potage” (well-boiled bones, cartilage and other remnants). Sometimes - cheese, fish. I must say that bad times happened more often than good ones: neither the captain nor the commissary services could clearly enough determine how long the voyage would last. That's why we saved everything.

So, meat: beef or pork corned beef. Lies in the hold in barrels. It doesn't seem to spoil quickly. However, it is possible that the villain quartermaster turned a blind eye to the low-quality product delivered to the ship for a certain bribe. Or instead of the small barrels set by the documentation, he took corned beef in large ones. This means that the sailors will eat spoiled food for a long time - after all, the meat in them goes rotten before they manage to eat it.

Another option is corned beef "second grade": sinewy, tough, too salty. Before use, such meat was usually chopped into pieces and thrown into a vat, filled with water. Then one of the sailors kneaded it with their feet for a long time to soften the product.
Rusks or biscuits were stored in special chests. Rats and worms often climbed freely there. Experienced sailors therefore advised beginners to eat crackers in the dark - not to injure, so to speak, the nervous system. Biscuits differed from crackers in the complete absence of salt: this product was designed to balance its excess in corned beef. Often the biscuits were so hard that the sailors had difficulty breaking them, for example, on the table.

Cereals: most often peas. I must say that the hot was cooked on a sailboat not every day. During a storm or hostilities, the sailors were content with dry rations. Rats and worms also loved peas, so stew "with meat" was a familiar dish. Speaking of rats: there were a lot of them on sailboats. There is evidence that 4,000 rats were killed on one of the Spanish galleons - and this is only during one voyage to Europe from the Caribbean.

On land, pirates, as well as at sea, could not do without their favorite rum, not because they were thirsty, but because they became addicted to alcohol. Many pirate ships were captured only because not a single member of the crew was in a defensive state - everyone was drunk. In general, this shows the state of the pirates of that time. The image of a pirate will always be associated with a bottle of rum. Yo-ho-ho!

Admiral(vf) - higher
in the naval service, a rank corresponding to the rank of general in land
troops. Commands the fleet. Admiral ranks 4: Admiral General,
admiral, vice admiral and rear admiral.

Commodore(vf) - in England and Holland, a naval officer commanding a squadron

Captain - Commander of the ship. May even be a lieutenant (more on that in the next paragraph)

Lieutenant -
naval officer, is the captain's assistant. However, Lieutenant
is the commander of a ship of the 4th rank, having 14-16 guns. For such
ships captain is not appointed. On a rank 3 ship with 50 guns
the lieutenant is the senior assistant to the captain (because there, according to the regulations
no captain lieutenant). In modern terms, a lieutenant is
watch officer, head of the watch, i.e. part of the crew carrying
ship service in this period of time.

ship secretary -
there is one secretary on any ship. It can be said that this officer
is an assistant captain for personnel accounting, staff work,
accounting, control over the work of all supply services, correspondence. He is obliged
control the receipt of all supplies on the ship, keep a logbook,
to acquaint the crew with the Charter, written orders and instructions
senior naval commanders, keep court records, draw up
contracts for the supply of supplies, control the distribution of food and other
property to personnel, take into account the booty taken from the enemy,
record the consumption of gunpowder and cores during the battle, draw up applications to the port
to replenish supplies, rewrite the belongings of the dead and the dead and
pass them on to relatives. He is not allowed to leave the ship.
(except for the performance of duties requiring his presence at
shore) until it is put on a long parking lot and is not
disarmed.

Priest (chaplain) -
the priest was rather equated with officers in his position, but also
unambiguously to the officers it could not be attributed. Rather, he just stood
apart. The navy had one primary priest in charge of
activities of ship priests. Each ship had
the priest who sent all religious events. In addition, he
was obliged to visit the wounded and sick and to alleviate their spiritual
suffering. The priest was responsible for the priestly supplies and kept records of them and
use (camping church, throne with vestments, Gospels,
crosses, etc.)

healer -
All ships had one healer. Depending on the rank of the ship
he had a different number of assistants. The doctor was in charge of accounting,
supply of medicines, medical instruments, kept records of patients,
was responsible for the treatment of patients, the quality and quantity of food given to them.
During the battle, he was forbidden to go on deck, but had to
be in the chamber where the place of collection of the wounded was determined. If
it was established that the sick or wounded died from the negligence of the doctor, then
the latter was treated as a murderer and subject to execution.

Skipper
one of the senior officers. According to the regulations, only the navigator was above him.
All ships had one skipper. The skipper was responsible for accounting, availability,
storage, use, repair, replenishment, replacement of skipper's
property. Kept a log of this property. To the skipper's property
included the entire removable spars (masts, yards), all rigging (ropes,
ropes, blocks), anchors, lanterns, washing and cleaning equipment, candles,
carpentry stock and tools, boat sails, all metal
products, inventory, materials and tools of the caulker, lubricants
materials, fixing material (nails, staples, bolts). Skipper accepts
to ship all this property and monitors the completeness of the receipt, quality.
He is also responsible for the distribution of all property and supplies in places.
storage, securing property from pitching. When placing the ship on
anchoring and unanchoring monitors the etching or reception of the anchor
rope, the operation of locking devices. He is also responsible for organizing
cleaning the ship, restoring order. The skipper supervises the work
sailors, punishes the negligent, trains the inept. Sub-skipper replaces
skipper in his absence.

Navigator
- was responsible for navigational property, its receipt, storage,
use, spending. Flags were considered navigational property,
signal flags, pennants, ship and boat guises, compass,
hourglasses, logs, lots, lamps. The navigator kept a log book
navigational property, monitored the replenishment and serviceability of his
property. He was also responsible for nautical charts, sailing directions, serviceability of the helmsman
ship control. He adjusted the compass and the hourglass. During
sailing, he had to check maps with a real coastline,
islands, rocks, reefs and map all their changes.
The navigator is obliged to inform the officers and the captain about the dangers of the ship's course
(shoals, reefs, rocks) and insist on changing it, and even if the captain
or another officer will not listen to him, and the ship will be lost, then the navigator
will be executed or sent to hard labor. When anchoring, the navigator
is obliged to ensure that this place is not shallow and the hull of the ship is not
would have broken through with its anchor. The navigator helps the navigator, and in his
the absence is fully responsible for the navigator's service.

Boatswain
- a specialist of the junior commanding staff of the ship's crew (in the Navy -
foremen); the immediate head of the deck crew. IN
The boatswain's duties include maintaining the hull in good condition,
rigging and deck equipment of the ship, management of general ship work
and training of ordinary members of the deck crew (sailors) in maritime affairs,
keeping order and cleanliness on board. On large warships
there is one chief boatswain and several boatswains.

Midshipman -
direct assistant to officers. Primary duty to look after
full and accurate execution by all crew members of the orders of officers.
Other responsibilities include organizing the installation and placement of
premises of the ship's property and keep a register of this property.

Gunners
These are naval gunners. We can say - the commanders of the guns. By
the number of guns and gunners, we can say that for three guns there were two
gunner. Consequently, the gunners were engaged in loading, aiming and
the production of a shot, and the roll of the guns into place, cooling, cleaning
after the shot was assigned to the soldiers. Sailors are not related to guns
have had.

Quartermaster
- commands the sailors stationed in this cockpit. He must follow
for the presence of their sailors on the ship, for the health of their sailors,
cleanliness and serviceability of their clothes, for the issuance of food to sailors and for
return to the kitchen for leftover food and dishes, so that the products,
weapons, things, gear were not taken away from the ship. Quartermaster also
is the commander of the boat, monitors its serviceability, equipment,
manages it on the water and commands the sailors assigned to the crew
boats.

A carpenter
- is obliged to monitor all the wooden parts of the hull and spars and
repair them; to control the quality of those received on board
spars wooden parts (masts, yardarms); together with a caulker
fix leaks in the hull. It is also obliged to monitor whether there are any receipts
water into the hull. Keep a log of the receipt and consumption of wooden
details, materials. Required to know the dimensions and design of all
wooden parts so that they can competently order on the shore
production of parts for this ship.

Caulker -
have to keep an eye on it. so that there are no leaks in the hull, so that hatches and
cannon ports were tightly closed. When leaks occur, together with
the ship's carpenter to remove them.

sailmaster
- there is one sailmaster on a ship of any rank. Under his leadership
one or two sailing students. Responsible for keeping sails in good condition
fix them.

Soldiers (Marines)- were involved in servicing the guns to help the gunners, boarding and landing teams were made up of them.

Sailors -
junior rank. Engaged to work on the ship, such as: work with
sails, pumping water from the hold, keeping the ship clean. On the
robber ships made up the boarding team.

AUTONOMY Duration of sailing without resupply.

AZIMUT (celestial navigation) is the angle between the northern part of the observer's true meridian plane and the star's vertical.

WATER AREA is a section of the water surface.

ANKEROK barrel without tap for fresh water. Inside, a glass is suspended from the cork

ANTICYCLONE A region of high atmospheric pressure with air moving around its center clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere (against in the Southern Hemisphere).

APSEL mizzen staysail on two-masted yachts (keechs, iols).

ARMOCEMENT (ferocement) is a type of reinforced concrete with a high degree of reinforcement, a structural material for the construction of yachts and ships.

OUTRIGER 1. Side float on proa-type ships. 2. A shot of a semi-rail with a hinged heel at the mast, to remove the braces from the guys. (see shot).

AHTERPEAK is the extreme aft, non-residential compartment of the yacht.

WATERSTAG standing rigging tackle that unfastens the mast from the top to the stern

Aft stern element of the longitudinal set of the hull of the yacht, vertically or inclined attached to the keel

BUTTERFLY is a way of carrying sails on yachts with oblique sailing rigging, when on full courses the bow sails are carried to the opposite side, in relation to the stern sails, to increase speed and stability on the course of the yacht.

TANK - a superstructure in the bow of the yacht. Often the bow of the deck is called the tank (see foredeck).

BAKAN (BAKEN) - a floating sign of the navigational situation, anchored at the border of the fairway or ship's passage, mainly on rivers.

BAKS - a piece of wood that connects the keel to the stem.

BACKSTAY - 1. Heading when the angle between the yacht's DP and the direction of the wind line is more than 90 * and less than 180 *; 2. Tackle standing rigging, unfastening the mast to the side and aft; 3. For bowsprit see 180* water stays.

BAKSHTOV - a cable released behind the stern of an anchored vessel to secure (take on bakshtov) another vessel.

BALAST - cargo placed inside or outside the yacht's hull to provide the necessary

BALLAST - cargo placed inside or outside the hull of the yacht to provide the necessary draft and stability. They are divided into liquid (fuel, water) and solid (placed in a housing, poured into a false keel, etc.).

BALLER - a design with an axis of rotation or a shaft rigidly connected at the bottom with a rudder blade, and at the top with a tiller.

BALUN - forward, additional, full-tailored sail for light winds on full courses. Sails of a similar purpose - bending, drifter, reacher.

BALUSTER - a step in the form of a chiseled lath.

BANK - 1. A seat on small deckless boats, which simultaneously serves to strut the sides; 2. Separately located aground of limited size.

BANT - canvas sash, sewn onto the sail in order to reinforce it in the places where the reef eyelets are punched.

BAR - 1. Unit of pressure. 2. Shaft-like alluvial shallow in coastal areas.

BARBARA - additional clew of the staysey to the deck.

BARKHOOT - a thickened belt of outer skin in the area of ​​the waterline.

RUNNING RIGGING - gear that serves to set up a movable spars and sails, as well as to control them.

BEIDEWIND - a course when the angle between the center line of the yacht and the direction of the wind is less than 90 *. Close-hauled - if the angle is less than 45 *, full-length is more than 60 *.

BEIFOOTH - 1. A ring made of a cable or iron sheathed in leather for attaching a yard or hafel to a mast or topmast; 2. A simple rax yoke if the boom (hafel) has a mustache.

BENZEL - ligation of two thick cables with a line or cable.

BERMUDA SAIL - a rectangular, triangular, oblique oblique sail, has high aerodynamic characteristics, allows the yacht to go badewind.

HARBOR - a suspended seat (board) for lifting a person onto a mast or for working overboard a yacht.

MIZAN - the lower oblique sail on the mizzen mast.

MIZAN-MAST-to the aft mast on multi-masted sailboats, as well as on two-masted yachts, if it is lower than the front one (on the iol, keech).

BEMS - underdeck beam of the transverse set of the yacht's hull.

BITENG - a metal pedestal on the deck of a cruising yacht for attaching cables.

BLIND - a straight sail, placed on old sailboats under a bowsprit.

BLINDOUS - spacer pole for deflecting backstays.

BLOCK - a pulley with a fixed axis and a groove around the circumference to change the direction of the cable, chain.

BLOOPER (BIGBOY) - auxiliary, oblique, flying, pot-bellied "sail, raised from the leeward from the spinnaker.

BOKANTS - small shots on the tank for taking out the fore-tacks or shots on BOKANTS - small shots on the tank for taking out the fore-tacks into the wind or on the poop to divert and save from chafing against the hull and rigging of the braces.

BON - fixed in place (to the shore, at anchor, behind the fires) floating, lightly submerged structure with flooring, designed for mooring small boats or other special purposes (barrage, crossing, etc.).

BORA - a strong, gusty, cold wind blowing from the slopes of the mountains near the sea.

BORG - standing rigging tackle, on which the lower rail hangs.

BOARDSAILING - sailing on a board (windsurfing, windglider, etc.).

BOARD - side wall (side) of the hull of the yacht from the stem to the stern.

BOARD LIGHTS - ship navigation lights indicating the side of the vessel (right - green, left - red).

BOAT - reinforcing, vertical, oblique or sector lining on a sail made of canvas or tape in places of special loads, chafing, punching (sewing) of eyelets, crengels, gats.

BRAM-STANDING - a spar tree that serves as a continuation of the topstand.

BRANDER-SHIELD - a vertical shield covering the main entrance to the yacht's cabin.

BRAS - running rigging tackle, fixed on the foot of a spinnaker boom or yardarm and serving to turn them in a horizontal plane and hold them at the desired angle.

WINDLASS - a deck mechanism with a horizontal axis of rotation, designed to lift the anchor and select cables when mooring.

BRESHTUK - a connection connecting the cleats with the stem or sternpost.

BRIDEL- anchor chain (cable), attached by the root end to a dead anchor on the ground, and by the running end - to the raid mooring barrel (buoy, floating pier, boom, etc.).

BREEZE - wind in coastal areas, which changes its direction during the day under the influence of temperature differences between land and water surfaces (during the day - from sea to land, at night - from land to sea).

BRIFOK - a quadrangular sail with a free luff, raised on the front mast on a brief yard. Unlike the fock, the brief is not tied to the yard.

THROWING END - a light cable with a load (lightness) at the end. With its help, mooring lines are supplied.

Broaching is a phenomenon of complete loss of control in tailwinds, when the yacht falls sharply over the cheekbone, and the rudder comes out of the water.

BRUKANETS - a protective umbrella made of waterproof fabric around the mast in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bpartners, preventing water from entering the yacht's hull.

Yoke - an iron hoop worn on the spars to strengthen it or connect its components.

BUER - 1. A small (up to 20 m), flat-bottomed, single-masted Dutch coastal vessel with sprint or gaff rigging and shverts.m and shverts. 2. Sailing yacht on skates for sliding on ice, snow crust.

BUOY - 1. A floating sign of a navigational situation, standing at a dead anchor. It serves, as a rule, to protect dangerous places, as well as to indicate the axes, sides, and turns of the recommended headlights. 2. Buoyancy connected through a buoy with a dead anchor. Used for mooring yachts.

BUIREP - 1. A cable connecting a buoy with a dead anchor. 2. Rope with buoyancy (buoy) on the surface and the root end on the trend of the anchor, to indicate the place of release of the anchor, and, if necessary, to facilitate its release from the ground.

TOWING - traction of one vessel (towed) by another vessel (tug) with the help of a towing cable (tug), or by pushing, or by lag (towing a vessel moored side to the tug).

TOWING LIGHT - yellow light at the stern of the towing vessel.

BULBOKIL - a design of a fin yacht keel with a heavy streamlined ballast (bulb) attached to the lower edge.

BOWLINE - 1. A thin cable (line) inside the leech of an oblique sail, which serves to adjust the profile of the sail. 2. Tackle for carrying forward the windward, side luff of a straight sail.

BAY - a small bay separated from the sea by capes or islands.

BAY OF THE ROPE - 1. A cable or tackle, rolled up in circles or eights. 2. Packing a new cable in the form of a hollow cylinder.

BOWSPRIT - a horizontal or inclined spar tree protruding forward from the bow of the yacht and serving to carry out the stays and tacks of the jibs.

BULL-PROUD- see Gorden.

SHUTTERS - gear of standing rigging, unfastening the mast from the sides. The lower ends of the shrouds are attached to the lanyards (yufers), through which the loads are transferred to the shrouds (special fittings, deck fittings) fastened to the hull set.

WATER-BACKSTAGES - tackle that fastens the bowsprit to the sides of the yacht.

WATERWAYS - 1. Thick, wooden bars running along the sides of the yacht and forming part of the deck flooring. 2. Water flow on the open deck along the sides.

WATER-WOOLING - fastening of a bowsprit with a water cutter (cable, chain, etc.).

WATERLINE - 1. The line of contact of the water surface with the yacht's hull and dividing - WATERLINE - 1. The line of contact of the water surface with the yacht's hull, dividing the board into surface and underwater. 2. The curve of the theoretical drawing of the ship's hull, formed by the intersection of the surface of the hull with a horizontal plane.

WATER STAGE - standing rigging tackle that unfastens the bowsprit downwards (stem).

WATCH SERVICE (WATCH) - the main type of duty on ships, ensuring their navigation, safety and survivability. All information about the operation of the vessel, the operation of its mechanisms, changes in personnel, etc. are entered in the log book.

VELPS - ribs on the drum of the spire (windlass), preventing the cable from slipping.

ANCHOR SPINDLE - the longitudinal rod of the anchor.

VERP - auxiliary, imported anchor on a ship.

VERPOVING - movement by pulling up to the verp, which is brought to the right place on the boat.

VERTICAL (luminaries) - a large circle on the celestial sphere, passing through the zenith, nadir, and the luminary.

SWIVEL - 1. Kreugovy hinge. 2. Screw clamping mechanism (see lanyard).

VEHA - a floating sign of the navigation situation, designed to protect hazards and indicate the sides of the fairway. It consists of a pole on a sprit-buoy and a golik or other top figure.

CAPTURE OF REEFS - Reducing the area of ​​​​sail for oblique sails - by tying the lower part with reefs or winding it on a boom, and for straight sails - by tying the upper part of the sail to the yard.

WINDGLIDER, WINDSURFING - see boardsailing.

WINDZAYLE - a rotary, obliquely cut ventilation pipe on the deck.

WATER CUTTER - the front part of the stem, protecting it from damage.

ARMAMENT OF A SAILING SHIP - a set of sails, spars, rigging, deck mechanisms and practical things intended for setting, cleaning and managing sails. There are two main types of sailing armament: oblique - with sails parallel to the diametrical plane (DP) of the hull e and straight - with sails on the yards, perpendicular to the vessel's DP.

RESTORATION OF THE dinghy (CATAMARAN) - lifting the dinghy (catamaran) to an even keel when it lay sails on the water or made an overkill turn.

VULING- 1. Rope hoses laid close, next to each other on a single-pole mast to strengthen it. 2. See water-wooling.

CHOOSE - pull up the tackle (cable), ensuring its tension. The opposite action is to poison.

Vyblenka - 1. A step from a cable on guys. 2. A faded marine knot.

VYMBOVKA - a wooden lever for manually rotating the spire.

VIPING - wave vibration, unsteady elastic vibrations of the hull, caused by the impact of the bottom and sides on the water - slamming and water flow onto the deck.

LIGHT HEIGHT - the angle between the plane of the true horizon and the direction to the star.

SHOT - a spar tree resting against another spar tree, board or hull structure for the removal of gear or rigging. See also - outrigger.

HARBOR - coastal part of the water surface protected from waves, intended for parking of ships.

HAK - a hook used to lift or secure a load.

GAKABORT - the upper part of the stern or aft superstructure, from the shell to the gunwale. For mooring ships.

HAK - a hook used to lift or secure a load

GAKABORT - the upper part of the stern or aft superstructure (ute) of the vessel from the shell to the gunwale.

SHAFT LIGHT - towing light (yellow) ё, exhibited at the stern of the towing vessel.

GALS-1. The course of the yacht relative to the wind without taking into account the angle to the wind. There are right and left tacks, by the name of the board, into which the wind blows. 2. Tackle, e waist, with the help of which the lower, windward corner of the sail is held - tack.

GALFWIND - course relative to the wind when the angle between the yacht's DP and the wind direction is 90 * (half a wind).

WC - 1. Toilet on the yacht. 2. A platform above the water cut that served as a latrine on old sailing ships.

GALYUNNY FIGURE - bow decoration (sculpture) on sailboats.

HANDICAP is a factor or value measured in seconds used to compare results shown in races by boats with different racing scores.

GARDEL - running rigging tackle for lifting the lower yards and gaffs.

GAT - a hole in the sail, spar or hull structure for wiring gear, placing pulleys, etc.

GAFEL - an inclined spar tree that rises up the mast and rests against it with its heel. The gaff is used to stretch the upper luff of oblique quadrangular sails along it, as well as to fasten the clew corners of the topsails. The sails hoisted on the hafel are called hafel, and the rigging of the ship with such sails is called gaff rigging.

HELMPORT - a cutout in the lower part of the stern or stern of the vessel for wiring the rudder stock. A (watertight) helmport pipe is usually installed above the helmport, in which the rudder stock is hung.

GENOA - a large, wide staysail with a clew that extends beyond the mast of the yacht.

GIK - a horizontal spar tree, resting with its heel into the mast through a swivel (for sails - aft of the mast). It serves to stretch the luff of the oblique porus and bears its name (grotto-gikyo, mizzen-geek, etc.). It is equipped with: boom-shkotomyo, topenantome, gikayo guy, blockage-hoists. To stretch the luff, the boom is equipped with a sheet (main sheet, mizzen sheet, etc.) e, and for taking reefs - pendants and reef hoists. Special equipment for a boom with a patent reef. The boom for the front sails (staysail boom, jib boom) rests through a swivel on a fitting at its stay. See also spinnaker boom.

GINITALs with increased block sizes, number of pulleys and thickness of falls. Giniyo have at least two 3-sheave or 2- and 3-sheave blocks.

GITOVY - running rigging gear for pulling the clew corners of a straight sail or the luff of an oblique sail to the hafel and the mast to the yard when it is cleaned.

VERB-GAK - a folding gakyo held in position by a special chain link.

PLANING - the mode of movement of the yacht, in which, under the influence of the dynamic forces of water, its landing changes - the bow rises and the stern settles, while increasing the speed (the vessel goes on gliding).

SHUT - move the boat forward with the help of special helical movements of the stern oar.

GONG - a metal device in the form of a plate for giving sound signals.

GOLIK - wicker top figure on the milestone.

RACES - competitions of yachts. They are divided into class races - for yachts of the same class (or with equal racing scores) and gadicap races - with different races. points.

RACING YACHTS - sailing yachts designed for racing. They are divided into yachts of international, Olympic and national classes.

RACING POINT - a value expressed in meters or feet and indicating the speed potential - racing power "of the yacht. It is obtained as a result of measuring the hull, sails and calculation according to special formulas.

GORDEN - 1. lifting device consisting of a fixed single-pulley block and a cable (pendant) passed through it. 2. Tackle of running rigging for pulling the luff of a direct sail to the yard. Pride, pulling up the sail by the middle of the luff, is called the bull-pride.

GREP - the lower part of the water cutter.

Mainsail - a slanting sail raised on the mainmast (stern) of a yacht with oblique rigging, or straight, the lowest sail on the mainmast of a yacht with direct rigging.

GROT-MAST - the second from the bow and subsequent, except for the stern, masts on a multi-mast sailing ship; middle mast on a three-masted vessel; higher or second, with equal height. on a two-masted ship; machtayo if she is alone.

GROTA-SHKOT - tackle, stretching the lower luff of the grotto along the boom.

GRUNTOV - a piece of cable, fastening on a camping boat on sloop-beams.

VISIBILITY RANGE - the maximum distance at which you can see an object in the sea. There are geometric, optical and meteorological visibility ranges.

DEVIATION - (for a magnetic compass) deviation of the sensitive element (magnetic needle, card) of the compass from the direction of the magnetic meridian under the influence of the ship's own magnetic field.

DEADWOOD - the underwater part of the stern or bow points of the vessel at the junction of the keel with the stern or stem. On yachts it is densely filled with wood, plastic, cement, cisterns, etc.

PARTICULAR THINGS - the general name of some removable items of equipment on the yacht (windows, doors, gangways, lifelines, brackets, blocks, etc.).

DINGI - a type of single racing dinghy (crew - 1 person).

DP - diametral plane (yachts).

DIRIK-FAL - running rigging tackle for lifting and holding the gaff at an angle.

TRIM - the inclination of the vessel in the longitudinal plane.

BOTTOM - deep, underwater part of the ship's hull plating.

GETTING - see choosing.

DREK - boat anchor.

DREKTOV - anchor rope of a boat anchor.

DRIFT - the drift of a moving yacht from the line of its course under the influence of the wind, without taking into account the current. Drift is measured by the drift angle between the wake (track) and the boat's DP.

ZHVAKA-GALS - a special device or attachment point for the root end of the anchor rope (chain) on the ship.

VIABILITY - the ability of a vessel to maintain its operational and seaworthiness in case of damage. It is provided with unsinkability, fire safety, reliability of technical means and preparedness of the crew.

ZAVAL-TALI - tackle for holding the boom, preventing its spontaneous transfer to the other side on a full course.

LAY- 1. Fix the end, the cable. 2. Lay a tack (slang) - a long movement on one tack.

ZENIT - on the vertical, the point of intersection of the perpendicular through the observer to the horizon plane.

SIGNS OF THE NAVIGATIONAL SITUATION - landmarks and structures that serve to ensure the safety of navigation of ships (lighthouses, leading signs, buoys, buoys, milestones).

PORTHOLE - a glazed opening in the side, superstructure, upper deck of the yacht.

IOL - a type of armament of a two-masted sailing yacht with a mizzen mast behind the steering gear.

TRUE COURSE - course yachts taking into account magnetic declination and deviation.

CABLES - a distance of 1/10 of a nautical mile (= 185.2 m).

KABOLKA - the original, integral part of the plant cable, twisted from plant fiber.

KALYSHKA (kenga) - an accidental curl or twist of the cable, preventing its free passage through the pulley of the block, clewse, etc.

GALLEY - a kitchen on a yacht.

KANINKHEM - soft, tacked sails of Bermuda cut (mainsail, mizzen).

CARRIAGE - a rearranged or movable device on the pursuit for transferring the direction of the thrust of the boom-sheet.

CARTUSHKA - a sensitive element of a magnetic compass that determines the direction of the magnetic meridian.

KATali or pendant for lifting the anchor on board, usually through a cat-beam.

KAT-BALKA - a shot on the foredeck to lift the anchor on board.

CATAMARAN - a yacht with two parallel hulls connected on decks. Possesses the increased cross stability.

POWING - vibrations of the yacht under the influence of waves, divided into longitudinal (keel) and transverse (side).

CABIN - yacht accommodation.

KECH - a type of armament of a two-masted sailing yacht with a mizzen mast in front of the steering gear.

KEELING - 1. Artificial inclination of the yacht until the keel is exposed in the parking lot (for cleaning the hull, repairs, etc.) 2. Pulling the offending sailor at the end under the keel of the vessel.

KEEL - the main beam of the longitudinal set, lying in the ship's DP.

KILBLOK - an element of the support device for setting the yacht on land.

KILVATER - a system of ships going in one line one after another.

WAKE STREAM - a trace on the surface of the water behind a sailing yacht.

KILSON - (floor-timbers) longitudinal connection of the bottom part of the frames.

KIPA - a diversion device on the deck for guiding the sheet of the front sail (staysail) to the winch, duck.

KIPOVAYA PLANK - a device for changing the direction of gear and preventing their breaks.

CLAMP - a stopper in the form of an overlay on a spar tree, preventing slippage of the tackle covering this tree.

KLEVANT - a cylindrical wooden block for attaching signal flags to halyards and other line connections.

CELL - a thin line, laid around the cable when it is caged.

KLETNEVANIE - a type of rigging, in which thin strips of tar canvas (kletnevin) are placed on the cable, and then a cage.

CLIVER - 1. An oblique, triangular sail, which is placed in front of the staysail. The next sail in front of it is called a boom jib. If the jib is placed without fastening to the forestay (with a free luff), then it is called flying. 2. Front sail on a boat equipped with a split foresail.

KLOTIK - a wooden or metal blind washer worn on top.

CLUESE - a hole in a bulwark, deck or side, edged with a bar or casting, used for wiring a cable or chain.

KLYAMS - thick belts, reinforced on the inside of the side of the vessel, on which beams are placed.

KNEKHT - a detail of a mooring device in the form of paired metal bollards on a common foundation attached to the deck. Mooring lines are superimposed by eights.

KNITSA - a plate (a piece of wood) of a triangular or trapezoidal shape, connecting the beams of the ship's hull set converging at an angle.

KNOP - a knot in the form of a thickening at the end of the cable.

KNYAVDIGED - the upper part of the water cutter.

COCKPIT - an open top, enclosed space on a yacht for the crew to work on the move. A common self-draining cockpit is a small recess in the deck.

COAMINGS - vertical, watertight fencing of hatches and other cutouts in the deck of the vessel, as well as a threshold at the entrance to the premises.

KOMPAS (magnetic) is a navigation device, the operation of which is based on the use of the property of a magnetic needle to be installed in the direction of the lines of force of an external magnetic field.

COMPASS COURSE - the course of the yacht according to the compass.

COMPROMIS-type of hull of a ballasted (keel) yacht with a centerboard.

END- 1. Not a metal cable on the yacht. 2. Actually the ends of the tackle, one of which

root (fixed), and the other - running (movable).

CONTRATIMBERS - an inclined beam of a longitudinal set, which is a continuation of the sternpost in the presence of a stern overhang.

BUTTON - 1. Spacer in the link of the anchor chain. 2. Strut at bulwark posts or lifeline posts.

ROOT END - see End.

Stern - the end of the yacht, starting from the afterpeak bulkhead and ending with the sternpost (counter-timber) and transom (if any).

STERN LIGHT - white light at the stern of the vessel (COLREG-72).

YACHT HULL - the basis of the yacht, consisting of the outer shell (outer skin, upper deck flooring, superstructures and wheelhouses), reinforced with a set and bulkheads.

OBLIQUE SAIL - see Armament.

KOUSH - a metal inner frame of a cable loop (ogan).

KOFEL-NAGEL - a metal or wooden pin for laying gear.

COFEL-NAGEL STRIP - a massive, rigidly fixed plank at the mast or side with holes for coffee pins.

KRUMBOL- see Kat-beam.

FENDER - a device that serves to absorb shocks and protect the side of the yacht against the pier or other vessel at moorings and parking lots.

FENDER BOARD - a board suspended from the side of the yacht between the pier and the fenders.

KRASPITSA - 1. Spacer, diverting the guys from the mast. 2. A cross beam laid on a longo-saling. 3.Protrusion on the bit to support the chain hose.

CRUISING - sailing (walking) on ​​a yacht from port to port, along a certain route.

ROLL - inclination of the yacht in the transverse plane (around the longitudinal axis).

KRENGELS - a ring, a loop, a half-ring sewn into the sail at the luff or into the luff.

STEEP COURSE (SHARP COURSE) - sidewind. Cool (sharp) walk - the ability to keep the yacht in close-hauled without losing speed. The opposite is full of walking.

ALL-ROUND LIGHT - a white light of a circular glow, exhibited, as a rule, on a ship at anchor. See COLREGs 72 and Anchor Lights for details.

CRUIS-PELENG - determination of the yacht's position by bearings to a landmark, course and distance traveled.

KUBRIK - a room on a yacht for crew and equipment.

HEADING ANGLE - the horizontal angle between the DP of the yacht and the direction to the landmark.

COURSE OF THE YACHT - the horizontal angle between the northern part of the meridian and the direction of movement. There are compass (KK), magnetic (MK) and true (IR) courses.

COURSE OF THE YACHT RELATIVE TO THE WIND - the angle between the direction of the wind and the DP of the yacht. Distinguish: sidewind, gulfwind, backstay and jibe (right or left tack).

CUTTER - see tender.

KET - a boat with an oblique mainsail and a rotating mast placed on the fordeck.

LAVING - the movement of the yacht to the target, located to the windward, by the sidewind courses, periodically changing the tacks (zigzag).

LAG is a device (device) for measuring the speed (distance traveled) of a ship.

LAGLIN - a line with special markings for a manual, outboard log.

LAGOM - the position of moored vessels or on the move "relative to each other when they are set side to side."

LATA - a thin, flat, flexible rail made of wood or plastic, inserted into a latpocket sewn from the leech on a Bermuda-style sail. Serves to give the sail the correct aerodynamic profile.

LATIN WEAPONS - oblique weapons with a triangular sail attached to a long, inclined rail (ryu).

WINCH - a mechanism for increasing traction when choosing gear by transferring forces through gears of various diameters.

LEVENTIK - the position of the yacht with its bow into the wind when the sails stop working.

LEDZHES - half-beam, beam between carlings.

LEER - 1. A metal rod or cable along a spar for tying sails. 2. Enclosure of the upper deck of the yacht. Consists of metal railings

racks and cables or rods-rails stretched between them. See also - railing.

LYING DRIFT - to be under the influence of external forces (wind, current), not using them for purposeful movement.

FLYING SAILS - these are bow sails that are not attached to the stays along the luff and are usually set in light winds.

LIGHTNESS - a canvas bag with sand braided on top. It is attached to the throwing end and facilitates its aimed throwing.

LIKPAZ - a semi-closed chute on (in) a spar tree, into which a lyktros or luff sliders of the sail are inserted, which ensures quick and convenient setting and cleaning of the sail. Likpaz is also the main element of the headstay pier.

LYKTROS is a vegetable or synthetic cable of a gentle lay, which is sewn to the edge of the sail (leech) to increase its strength and fasten it to the spars. For jibs (staysail) on yachts, flexible, steel cables are used, which are sewn into the luffs of the sails.

LINEK - a short tip, with a knot at the end, for the punishment of sailors in the old fleet.

LIN - vegetable or synthetic, usually braided cable with a circumference of up to 25 mm.

It is widely used in sailing (for lacing covers, flags, lots, throwing ends, etc.).

TRACK LINE - the line along which the ship actually moves relative to the ground, taking into account drift and drift.

LYSEL - the lower flying sail of direct armament, is placed on a special spar tree - fox-alcohol. On yachts, it is placed under the boom at full courses.

Loxodromia - a line on the earth's surface that intersects all meridians at the same angle. On nautical charts in the Mercator projection, the loxodrome

shown as a straight line.

LONG-SALING - longitudinal bars on the lower part of the mast top or topmasts, which, together with spreaders and chiks, serve as the basis of the mars or saling.

LOPAR - part of the cable based between blocks or lufers.

LOT - a device (device) for measuring depths from a ship.

LOTLIN - a line with a special marking of a manual lot, to which a load is attached.

LOCATION - 1.Section of navigation, studying the conditions of navigation in the water basin.

2. The name of the navigation manual containing a detailed description of individual areas of water basins, their banks, navigation conditions, etc.

LOTSMAN - a specialist in piloting ships in a certain area. Sometimes it is mandatory to be taken on board, but in no way replaces the captain.

LYALO - a recess in the hold of a vessel for collecting water, oils, etc. - bilge waters.

EYELET - a round hole in a sail, awning, etc., braided with a cable or crimped with a metal ring.

LUGER - 1. An oblique trapezoidal sail raised on a rail. 2. Vessel with a lugger.

HATCH - an opening in the deck of the yacht for the passage of people, lighting and ventilation of the premises.

MAGNETIC DECLATION - the angle between the geographic and magnetic meridians at the considered point on the earth's surface. Positive for east declination, negative for west declination.

MAGNETIC COURSE - a course taking into account the magnetic declination.

MARK-1. Method for terminating the end of the cable. 2. Mark on tackle, line.

MARKISOVA LUZHA - the ironic name of the Neva Bay - the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland near the mouth of the river. Not you. Under the command of the Marquis de Traverse (X1X century), the Russian Baltic Fleet never went further than Kronstadt.

MARS - a platform on the top of the mast for spreading the wall shrouds and working with sails.

Marseille - the second straight sail from the bottom, placed between the Mars-Ray and the lower yard.

MARTIN-GIK - a spar suspended vertically under the bowsprit for jib- and bom-jib-stays and martin backstays. Set name - bowsprit shot.

MARTIN BACKSTAG - a cable running from the bow of the Martin boom to the side of the ship.

MARTIN STAGE - a cable running from the butt of the martin boom to the butt of the jib.

MAT - a mat or rug made of a soft cable.

MAST - a vertical spar towering above the upper deck and located, as a rule, in the ship's DP. On a yacht it is used for setting sails.

LIGHTHOUSE - a navigation structure with a light source and its own characteristics of fire, which serves to determine the position of the vessel.

SHALLOW - part of the water basin with shallow or relatively shallow depths.

SHOOL - a section of the bottom, separated from the shore by deep water.

MERCATOR PROJECTION - a normal, conformal cylindrical projection, the most common in the preparation of nautical charts.

MEASUREMENT LINE (MILE) - a section of the coastal water area with special leading marks on the coast, intended for measuring speeds and lag errors.

MIDEL-FRAME (MIDEL) - the line of intersection of the outer surface of the ship's hull with a vertical, transverse plane dividing its theoretical length in half

MILE (nautical) - a unit of length equal to one arc minute of the meridian (1852 m.).

NAVIGATIONAL TABLES - a collection of various tables necessary for solving navigational and astronomical problems.

COLREGs 72 - International Regulations for Preventing Collisions between Vessels, 1972

MUSING - a thickening (knot) in the middle or end of a vertically hanging cable, which serves as a support for the legs.

MUSHKEL - a wooden hammer used in rigging and finishing work.

ON THE WAY - the term on the move "means that the ship is not at anchor, not moored to the shore and not aground, (COLREG-72).

YACHT HULL SET - a set of transverse and longitudinal beams that make up the skeleton of the yacht and the support for the skin.

NAVAL - touching the berth or side of another vessel with the hull of the vessel, without first extinguishing its own inertia.

WINDWIND (board, sheet, etc.) - located closer to the wind. The opposite side is leeward. To windward - to be on the side from which the wind blows.

NAVIGATION - 1. Seafaring, shipping. 2. Section of the navigation course.

NAGEL - 1. A wooden or metal rod for fastening the elements of the hull and spars of the yacht. 2.See coffee nagel.

NADIR - the point of intersection of the vertical and the horizon.

SUPERSTRUCTURE - a closed structure on the deck, extending from side to side.

NIGHTOV - tackle for securing equipment and property. Find - fasten.

DECK LAYING - its hard covering with wood, metal, plastic, etc.

NAUTOFON - an electromagnetic sound emitter that works in fog on individual lighthouses.

PATCH - reinforcement along the luff of a canvas sail.

LOCATION DIFFERENCE - the discrepancy between the calculated and observed position of the vessel.

NEDGERS - bars on both sides of the stem, between which the bowsprit is attached.

UNFLOWNING - the ability of a vessel to maintain buoyancy and stability when one or more compartments are flooded.

NIRAL - running rigging tackle for cleaning oblique sails.

NOK - the free end of any horizontal or inclined spar tree.

The other end that rests on the mast is called the heel.

NOSE - the forward end of the vessel.

ZERO DEPTH - a conditional surface from which the depths are calculated, given

on sea charts. For n.g. take the average long-term sea level, and in

tidal waters - the lowest possible level. In most European

cards for n.g. take the average level of spring low waters.

HULL LINES - the external outlines of the yacht's hull, which largely determine the course

high qualities, stability and seaworthiness, hull mass, displacement, together

value, etc. They are mainly divided into traditional (with an elongated ki-

lem) and modern fin (dinghy type) contours.

COVER - sew lyktros.

MEASUREMENT OF THE YACHT - a special, control check of the dimensions of the hull, sailing

ruzheniya, structural elements and equipment of the yacht for the purpose of establishing

its relevance to a particular class of yachts or to calculate the racing score.

OBSERVATION - determining the position of the vessel by observing objects with known geo-

graphical coordinates (landmarks, radio beacons, stars, etc.).

SHELL - the material of the surface of the side of the yacht.

OVERKIL - flipping (overturning) the yacht through (up) the keel (keel), as a re-

The result of an unsuccessful maneuver or falling from a steep wave. Overkill - frequent accident

sports sailboats. Techniques for their rapid recovery have been worked out.

OVERSTAGE - a turn when the yacht changes tack with the nose crossing the wind line.

LIGHTS AND SIGNS - 1. Part C of COLREGs-72. 2. Ship navigation lights and signs,

mandatory for carrying on ships in accordance with COLREGs-72, are a source of mutual

personal information of the courts necessary to assess the situation and safe,

competent maneuvering and divergence.

OGON - a loop at the end of the cable.

HOLD - slow down the turn of the yacht, inertia when mooring, prevent bulk.

BRAID - sealing (tying) ends, splices, gear or spars with a thin line for

preventing gear from spinning or snagging. See also - celling.

ORTHODROMY - a great circle arc on the surface the globe- the shortest distance

station between two points.

DRAFT - deepening of the yacht.

RIGGING - 1. System of tackles on the yacht - standing and running rigging. See also-weapons-

yacht charter. 2. The process of attaching the main and wiring the running ends of the gear.

STABILITY - the ability of a yacht that has received a roll for any reason, straightens

lie. Insufficient stability resulting from too high a center

gravity, makes the yacht roll, prone to capsizing. Excessive resistance

vost leads to a very sharp pitching, dangerous for the hull and spars.

SHARP COURSE - sidewind. See also - steep course.

ROCK OFF - move away on a yacht from a pier or other vessel.

GIVE - untie, unfasten, completely unsettle the tackle, the end. Drop anchor - bro

put it in water and etch the anchor end (chain).

DIFFERENTIAL LIGHTS - see lights and signs.

SHOEL - shallow, starting directly from the coastline.

SLEEVE - tackle, a device with traction, as a rule, to the deck. Designed for management

movable elements of the spars (booms, outrigger, etc.) or to provide

niya necessary thrust on the luffs of oblique sails (caninchem, barbara, etc.).

DEPARTURE - the difference between the meridians of the initial and final points of navigation,

calculated from the mean parallel in nautical miles.

PAYOL - yacht hold flooring. As a rule, it is made completely or partially removable.

PAZ - a gap between the boards of the skin or deck. The grooves are caulked, putty-

yut or fill with sealant.

PAL-1. Hydraulic structure in the form of a separate support, designed for

mooring booms, ships. 2. Metal bar preventing reverse

spire rotation.

PALGUN - the foundation of the spire with a toothed rail around the circumference.

DECK - horizontal overlap of the main hull of the yacht along its entire length.

PANER - the moment when the anchor is raised, when the anchor rope (chain) is vertical, and

the anchor has not yet separated from the ground.

SAIL - a propulsion device that converts wind energy into the work of a useful thrust of a yacht (typically

pu wing in the air stream). Sails are rigid (profiled) and soft

cue, from vegetable or synthetic materials.

SAILING ARMAMENT - see armament of a sailing ship.

PATENT-REEF - a device that allows you to wind a sail on a boom or on a rod inside

three booms for taking reefs.

PELENG - the angle between the vertical plane of the meridian and the vertical plane,

passing through the observer and the observed object. Similar to courses,

There are compass (KP), magnetic (MP) and true (IP) bearings.

PENTER-HOOK - hook, laid by the paw or by the bracket on the anchor spindle when it is raised

yome on rustov or on deck.

Bulkhead - a wall that divides the interior of the yacht into compartments (room

niya), as well as the outer wall of the superstructure or deckhouse. Load-bearing bulkhead included

in ensuring the overall strength of the case, waterproof - in providing

unsinkability of the ship.

RUDDER FEATHER - a flat or profiled element of the steering wheel, providing the creation

transverse force and moment required to steer the yacht. located

in the stern area and is rigidly connected to the rudder stock.

PERTULIN - tackle (chain) holding the anchor by the bracket in the retracted position.

PERTS - cables stretched under the yoke, on which sailors stand when working with sails.

PILLERS - a vertical rack that supports the deck of the vessel.

PIRS - a pier on piles, installed at an angle to the coastline.

BUOYANCY - positive if the yacht remains afloat when completely flooded.

PLANSHIR - a bar (beam) that limits the bulwark along the upper edge.

PLASTER - lined, multi-layered, rectangle made of canvas with thimbles on

along the perimeter, to close the hole in the board (apply, put a plaster on).

Shoulder strap (rail) for moving sliders, carriages or bales along it.

LEEETH - see windward.

PODVOLOK- sewing the ceiling in the interior.

VISION - overhang of the stern of the yacht.

PICK (PICK) - see choose.

HALF WIND - Gulfwind course.

FULL COURSE - courses jibe and backstay. In turn, courses such as beide-

wind and backstay, can also be full (closer to the wind) and steep (sharp).

TRAFFIC LANE - a certain area within which a one-stop is installed

forward movement of ships.

SEMICLUSSE - consignment clewse with a cut for inserting a cable.

POMP - a mechanism for pumping liquids.

PONTON - a floating structure for maintaining various devices on the water.

GROUNDING - an emergency stop of the vessel due to touching the ground with the keel or bottom.

FINALE BEAM - a beam, reinforced along the freeboard, protects the side

during bulking and during parking.

LEAD (to the wind) - change the course of the yacht closer (steeper) to the direction of the wind.

PRESSURE - moorings supplied perpendicular to the ship's DP.

TIDAL CURRENTS - horizontal movements of water particles caused by the action

tide-forming forces of the Moon and the Sun.

PROA - a type of catamatan with an outrigger-float, taken away from the main body.

LONGITUDINAL - moorings supplied from the bow forward, from the stern back.

STRAND - an integral part of the cable, for a vegetable cable it is twisted from cables, for a steel cable

twisted from identical wires.

STRAIGHT SAIL - see armament of a sailing ship.

TRAVELING ANGLE (PU) - the horizontal angle between the northern part of the true meridian

on and line way.

PYARTNERS - a hole in the deck of the yacht through which the mast passes.

HEEL - 1. The end of the spar tree rested on the mast. The other, free end is a knock.

2. The outer (lower) part of the trend at the anchor.

SPLIT FOK-sail, consisting of two parts: front - jib and rear -

fore raised on a common rail (boat sail).

SINK - side overhang in the stern of the vessel.

RAKS - metal rings or half rings, dressed on a stay and tied to the front

her luff staysail or jib. Carabiners have been replaced on modern yachts

mi or stay-pier.

RAKS-BUGEL- 1. variant of the rope execution of the bayfoot, when it is supplemented with rax-sliza-

mi (wooden plates) and rax-clots (turned balls). 2.Ring with

hook, walking on the mast and serving to raise the rake of the sail.

SPAR TREE - the traditional name for a yacht spar, a set of overhead

bast structures and details of yacht armament intended for

setting, unfastening and carrying sails (masts, yards, booms, bowsprit, etc.).

REVERSING - changing the direction of the force of the mechanical mover in the opposite direction

opposite (propeller, water jet).

REGATA is a sailing competition consisting of a series of races for various yachts.

RAIL- 1. A spar tree used to lift a slanting, four-

rectangular, rake sail with a halyard laid behind a rax-yoke. Unlike

from the gaff, the rail goes beyond the mast to the bow. 2. Staysail (jib) - boom. 3. Any thin

and a long spar used for the first time to carry sails on a yacht.

REI - a horizontal spar tree suspended by the middle and serving for

attachment to him direct sails. The signal rail is designed to lift

on it signal flags and signs (figures).

REID - open, coastal part of the water surface, intended for parking

vessels on mooring barrels, buoys or anchors.

RELING - 1. Rigid, metal deck railing in the bow or stern of the yacht.

2. Railings - racks with longitudinal connections, replacing or increasing

bulwark.

TURNIP - a special termination of the end of the cable by weaving strands.

READERS - iron strips superimposed crosswise over the inner lining

or frames to increase the strength of the wooden hull.

REEF - underwater, or located just above the water level, a rock in shallow water.

RIF-BANT - a strip of canvas sewn onto the sail parallel to the leech

to increase its strength at the base of reef seasons (grommets).

REEF-GATS - (eyelets) holes in the sail through which reef seasons are passed.

REEF-SEZNI- see reef-shterns.

RIF-TALIT - hoists for pulling the luff to the yard (boom) when taking reefs.

REEF PENDANT - tackle for pulling the luff or luff to the boom

slanting sail when taking reefs.

REEF-SHTERTS (SHKERTS) - (reef-seasons) short gear based in reef-gates (any-

versah), for tying the sail to the spars (handrail) when taking reefs.

REFIT SAILS - (take, take reefs), reduce the area of ​​\u200b\u200bsails with the help of special

al devices, gear and techniques. See also patent reef.

RICHER - a fully tailored sail made of lightweight fabric with a high clew

angle and a large sickle on the leech. It is put in place of the staysail.

ROMBOVANTS - shrouds passing through the spreaders and fixed at both ends

on the mast. Rombokrkaspitsy, as a rule, fill up a little forward.

ROSTR-BLOCKS - stands for the installation of boats on board the vessel.

ROSTRY- 1. A set of spare spars on the ship. 2. A number of beams per sail-

nicknames, based on the wheelhouse, and on the sides on the racks, serve to accommodate

ship boats.

ROULS - a drum rotating on an axis with a groove for a cable, used as part of

bales, hawse, blocks, etc.

CUTTING - a structure on the deck of the yacht, not reaching the sides, with windows, doors, etc.

RUDDER - a structure consisting of a rudder blade, stock and tiller.

RUMB is a unit of flat angle in navigation, equal to 1/32 of a circle (11.25*).

RUMPEL - a lever rigidly fixed in the upper part of the stock, perpendicular to the axis.

RUNDUK - 1. A closed box for personal belongings built into the bunk. 2.Placement on

shore for storage of yacht property.

RUSLEN - a small platform on the outside of the side for fastening the shrouds of the shrouds.

RUSTOV - a chain or cable that holds the anchor by the heel in the retracted position.

RIBINS - wooden slats sewn over the frames to prevent

damage to both the cargo placed in the hold and the sides.

Ryu- 1. Reyok in the Latin sailing armament. 2. The predecessor of the gaff on sailing

ships, when he went ahead of the mast.

RYNDA - a special ringing (in 2 strokes) in the ship's bell. This ringing is used to indicate

niya time (beating bottles).

RYNDA-BULIN - a short cable with a knob at the end, tied to the tongue of the bell.

SALING - a sparing knot in the form of a frame, consisting of longitudinal (long-salings) and

pepper (spreaders) beams, their attachment to the mast (chicks) and serves to divert

bram and sten-shroud.

SVAYKA - a tool for rigging, punching strands when interlacing cables.

LIGHT HATCH - a rectangular hatch in the deck of the yacht, enclosed by a coaming.

SEGARS - rings that freely walk along the mast (gafel) and serve for fastening

luffs of the sail to the spars.

SEZNI - ends for tying (sealing) sails or their parts in assembled form.

SEI-TALIT - hoists based between single-pulley and two-pulley blocks.

SEKSTAN - goniometer reflective type for measuring the heights of heaven

luminaries and angles on the earth's surface.

SKY LIGHT - deck, skylight.

SKEG - enclosing, vertical profile in front of the rudder blade on some yachts.

SKLIZ - the simplest lifting and lowering device with wooden walkways for yachts.

declension - see magnetic declination.

BOTTLES - see rynda.

SKULA - the place of transition from the bottom to the side in the bow of the skin. There are sharp

curvilinear and "broken" cheekbones.

CHICKING KEEL - a rib installed parallel to the DP of the yacht, from the cheekbone to the stern, per-

perpendicular to the skin, to reduce (calm down) pitching.

SLABLIN - a line for attaching a sail (usually a trisel) to a mast or boat sail

SLEMING - vibration of the hull when hitting the bottom of the bow of the yacht

about counter waves.

EQUIPMENT - vegetable, synthetic or steel cable, which has the name and

used for setting, cleaning and managing sails and spars on a yacht.

SNOSS - deviation of the yacht from the course line under the influence of the current. Measured by the angle between

DP of the yacht and the track line, without taking into account wind drift.

SORLIN - cable for lifting the rudder blade, detachable from the stock, or cable (chain),

connecting the rudder blade to the body, in order to avoid losing the rudder if it breaks.

SPINAKER - triangular, isosceles, full cut in lightweight fabric, front

a sail that is set on courses from gulfwind to jibe with windward

angle with a spinnaker boom and a brace. The leeward brace is called a sheet.

SPINAKER-HOE - a shot from the mast to carry the spinnaker's side angle to the wind.

MOLD - connection of two cables of the same thickness.

STAXEL - closest to the mast, front, oblique sail.

STAYSAIL-HOE- see boom.

STANDING ANCHOR - the main anchor given from the bow.

STAR-KNITSA - knitsa connecting the sternpost with the keelson.

MARKING SIGNS - coastal, paired signs of navigation conditions (lighthouses, farms

with shields, pyramids, etc.), designed to indicate the direction, width

fairway, as well as for marking the measuring line.

STEM - stem on wooden ships.

STERNGA - spar, which serves as a continuation of the mast, lifted with the help of

wall-vytrepa and wall-shrouds held from the sides, and behind the wall-forduns.

STEPS - a wooden or metal nest (support) on the keel, in (on) which is placed

mast with his spur.

STOP-ANCHOR - auxiliary, spare anchor, usually laid on the poop.

STOPOR - 1. Device for clamping the running end. 2. Knot (knop) at the end of the tackle, for

preventing it from splashing out of the block (bale).

STANDING RIGGING - see rigging.

STRINGER - a longitudinal element of the ship's hull set. Distinguish bottom, zygomatic,

side and deck stringer (carlings).

SLING - 1. A device made of cables for capturing (girth) and hanging a load from the hook

call. 2. Short end for tying something.

SHIP ROLE - list of crew and passengers with passport data, positions

on the yacht, fixing the time and port of arrival / departure, on the form, which indicates the name

ship and its port of registry.

SHIP NAVIGATION LIGHTS are the main lights to be carried by all ships in

sea: side, top, stern, towing, circular. See lights and signs.

SHDNYA - a portable gangway used for going ashore.

ROAD CALCULATION - calculation of the coordinates and direction of movement of the yacht, taking into account the drift

fa and demolition. Hence the numbered place.

TIDE TABLES - manuals used to determine the moments of onset

and the heights of high and low waters every day, as well as the height of the water level in any

point in time at coastal points.

RIGGING - a set of gear for fastening and controlling the spars and sails.

The rigging is divided into standing - to unfasten the spars (shrouds, backstays, fore-

dunas, stays), and running. The latter, in turn, is divided into a running take-

spars lag (spar halyards, braces, spars sheets, topenants, etc.) and running

sail rigging (sail halyards, nirals, sail sheets, etc.).

TALI - traction, load-lifting device with a manual or mechanical drive,

consisting of two single-pulley blocks (movable and fixed), through which

rye the cable is driven. The presence of one fall in the hoists reduces the applied force

twice. See also grip-tali, sei-tali, gini and lopar.

TALREP - 1. Swivel, consisting of a body into which two steel bars are screwed -

ka with fittings for fastening the tightened elements (tackle, spars, etc.).

2. Eyefers and a cable based between them for fitting standing rigging

TENDER (CUTTER) - a type of Bermuda sailing rig for single-masted yachts carrying

more than one headsail.

TOLBOY - a narrow, wing-shaped sail, which is paired with a reacher on courses 45 * -

120* to the wind, or with a spinnaker on sharp back stays.

TOMBOY - a buoy tied with a thin cable (buyrep) to the anchor trend, to indicate

places to release the anchor and provide the opportunity to lift the buoyrep on board. See buirep.

TOP - the upper end of a vertical spar (mast, flagpole, etc.).

Toplight - shining forward, white fire on the mast, along the ship's DP. See COLREGs 72.

TOPENANT - tackle running rigging, to hold at the right angle to the deck of the detail

spars lei (yards, geeks, etc.).

TOPRIK (TOPREP) - a cable or chain connecting the upper ends of two davits.

TRAVERSE - the position when the bearing to the landmark is perpendicular to the yacht's DP.

PICK - loosen, release or bypass the cable, holding it. Reverse

action is to choose.

TRANSOM - (transom board) flat, cut across the stern of the vessel.

TRANSOM PLATE - a plate hinged under the stern of a planing vessel, as a continuation of its bottom, to adjust the trim and roll.

TRAP - a ladder for communication between rooms on a yacht. Outboard - for lifting from a boat, from the water.

TRAPEZIA - a safety cable from the mast of a racing dinghy, for hanging the crew overboard when heeling (counteracting the wind, heeling moment).

TRAILER - a trailer to a car for transporting yachts, their descent and recovery from the water.

TREND - a knot for connecting the paws and the anchor spindle.

TRIMARAN is a three-hull yacht.

TRISEL - 1.Storm, oblique sail of reduced area, sewn from durable canvas. It is placed instead of the mainsail, with a free lower luff (without a boom).

2. On sailboats, an oblique, quadrangular sail tied to a gaff, boom and mast or to a (thin) trisel mast behind the main one.

CABLE - a rope-rope product made of natural or artificial, fibrous

materials or steel wire.

HOLD - the space in the hull of the yacht between the inner skin and floorboards.

TUZIK - a small boat on a yacht, fixed on the deck.

TURACHKA - drum capstan, windlass.

REVEAL (downwind) - change course so that the angle between the yacht's DP and the direction of the wind increases. DRIFT ANGLE - see drift.

DRIFT ANGLE - see drift.

STRAP - marine knot.

Knot - a unit of speed adopted in navigation, equal to one nautical mile per hour.

WISHBON - a bent boom on both sides of the sail (for example, on a windsurfer).

HANDLING - the ability of the yacht to obey the control of the rudder and sails. It largely depends on the weather and the competent work of the crew.

STABILITY (on course) - the ability of the yacht not to deviate from the main course. Depends on the design features and qualifications of the crew. WHEELS - curved, wooden planks on the heel of a hafel or boom, sheathed in leather and clasping the mast. DUCK - a two-horned plank of small size, for fastening the free end of the cable.

FAL - tackle used to lift individual parts of the spars, sails, flags, etc.

FALIN - a cable attached to the bow or stern eye of the boat.

FULLBOARD - a belt above the deck of the yacht, made as a continuation of the side.

Falshkeel - 1. A heavy casting or a loaded streamlined cavity attached to the keel to provide (increase) stability. 2. Bars stuffed from below onto the keel beam to protect it from damage on the ground.

FARVATER - safe, in the area of ​​navigational hazards, passage for ships.

FITTING - a fixed metal butt (device) for attaching tackle to it.

FLOOR - the lower part of the frame frame.

FOK- 1. The lowest straight or oblique sail on the foremast. 2. Oblique, triangular

a sail (fore-staysail) hoisted on the fore-stay of a tender, a sloop.

FOC MAST - the front mast on a sailing vessel with three masts or more. On a two-match

In commercial sailboats, the front mast is foremast if it is lower or equal to the rear.

FORDEWIND - 1. The course of the yacht relative to the wind, coinciding with its direction. 2.Po-

gate when the boat crosses the wind line astern while changing tack.

FORDEK - the bow of the deck of the ship.

FORDUNY - 1. Standing rigging, carried from the top of the mast to the sides and aft,

supplementing the backstay and, sometimes, replacing the backstay. 2. Tackle a standing take-

crap, unfastening the topmasts from the sides and aft.

FORPIK - the extreme bow compartment of the vessel.

STEEL-beam along the contour of the bow sharpening of the vessel, rigidly connected to the keel.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FIRE - the nature of the color and change in the glow of the navigational sign.

HVAT-TALIT - hoists, consisting of one-pulley and two-pulley blocks.

WALK (on a yacht) - to be on board a yacht while sailing. See also - on the go.

RUNNING END - see end.

RUNNING LIGHTS - set. the name of the ship's navigational lights on the ship.

HRAP (HRAPTSY) - a folding hook of two, located towards each other, hooks.

CENTER OF LATERAL RESISTANCE - point of application of the resultant hydrodynamic

the mechanical forces of water resistance to the lateral drift of the yacht.

BALANCE OF THE YACHT - reduction of the horizontal distance between the center of sail and the center of lateral resistance of the yacht. A CYCLONE is an extensive air vortex around an area of ​​low pressure, moving counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere (clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere). H

CHIKSTAY - a device (waist) for adjusting the tension of backstays (forduns), when bringing together more than one backstay into one gear near the deck. CHICKS - attachments in the form of short bars on the mast, to support long-salings.

SHVARTOV - a cable (mooring cable) designed to secure the yacht at the berth

or on board another vessel. They are divided into longitudinal, clamping and springs.

MOORING - a set of actions to approach and secure the yacht to the mooring place.

MOORING DEVICE - spiers, bollards, fairleads, views and other equipment intended for mooring. DOCKLET - a device in the form of a fin that retracts into the yacht's hull (daggerboard well) and provides stability and drift reduction in the lowered position. SHVERTBOT - a shallow-draft yacht with a daggerboard and a lifting, hinged rudder.

SHVERTS - skewers hung from the sides of the yacht.

SHIRSTREK - the upper belt of the outer skin.

A PENDANT is a short, soft cable with an eye, a thimble or a block at the end, designed to lift loads. SHKERT (SHTERT) - a short and thin cable for auxiliary work.

SHKIMUSHGAR - single-strand hemp line.

SKOT - tackle, fixed to the lower corner of the straight or lower rear corner of the oblique sail (clew) and carried in the direction to the stern of the vessel. The sheet holds the luff of the sail in the desired position. For boom-sheets, hoists are equipped, allowing you to set the boom at the right angle to the wind.

HOSE - one full turn of the cable around something.

SHLATGTOV - a steel beam inserted into the spur of the topmast to hold it in place.

SLIP - a type of Bermuda sailing armament of single-masted yachts with one front sail - a staysail (foca staysail). SLIP-BEAMS - a device in the form of two beams with a mechanism for hanging, holding and lowering the boat overboard. FRAME - the main curved beam of the transverse set, the basis for sheathing.

Spacing - the distance between the frames. Distinguish between constructive and theoretical.

SPIGAT - a hole for the free flow of water in a horizontal plane.

SPILE - a large gate with a vertical axis, for choosing an anchor chain and mooring lines.

SPOR - the lower end of any vertical spar, as well as the inner end of the bowsprit. SPRING - longitudinal moorings from the bow to the stern or from the stern to the bow.

SHPRINTOV (SHPRINT) - a rail that stretches diagonally a quadrangular, sprint, oblique sail. SPRIT-BUCKEN - buoyancy milestones.

SPRUYT - a cable guy that carries the load to two or more points.

SHIPLE BELT - a hull plating belt adjacent to the keel.

STAG - standing rigging tackle, located in the DP of the yacht and unfastening the mast from the bow. On yachts, the lowest stay is the main one coming from the top of the mast - the top stay, between them are intermediate stays. If the stay is used to set a sail, then it is named after the name of the sail. Step connecting the tops

masts, is called a stay-carnag. See also backstay.

STAG-PIRS - profile with lippaz (for staysail lyktros), covering the stay.

STEVNI-stem and sternpost.

STERT - see sketr.

STOCK - a rod across the anchor spindle.

WHEEL - a course control body in the form of a wheel connected to the steering wheel.

STURTROS - a steel cable (chain) that serves to transfer force from the steering wheel to the steering wheel.

Bayonet - an element of a sea knot.

schooner - a sailing vessel with slanting armament and two or more masts. On two-masted schooners, the front mast is equal to or lower than the rear.

EZELGOFT - a forged wooden piece or forging for fastening two spar trees, has two holes - a square and a round one. With a quadrangular shape, it is put on the top or leg of a spar tree, and a round one is used to pass an additional tree. (mast - topmast, bowsprit - jib, etc.).

ERNST-BACKSHTAGI - tackle for holding the gaff by the kick (from the sides and to the stern).

ESTUARY - a bay at the mouth of a river, in the area of ​​tidal currents.

YUT - superstructure in the stern. On yachts, poop is called the aft part of the deck.

UFERS - a round, wooden block without a pulley, with three through holes, for wiring lanyard falls.

ANCHOR LIGHTS - (white, circular), ship's distinctive lights at the anchorage.

YAL is a multi-oared (more than two) boat of the navy.

YACHT - a vessel for recreation (sailing or motor), without tonnage restrictions.

Dictionary of naval jargon- contains slang phrases and words used to varying degrees by sailors of the navy and merchant fleet. Some words are known and used in everyday life not only by ship crews, but also by people who have nothing to do with the sea. Some of the terms are obsolete, but that is why their meanings in the fleet are no less interesting.

Dictionary

BUT

Sailors after emergency

Avacha - active volcano in Kamchatka, as well as the name of an auxiliary ship of the Navy.

Huckster - manager of a grocery and / or clothing storeroom (warehouse, storage, pantry).

Bacillus - one). inexperienced boatswain from which sometimes more harm than good. 2). orderly or paramedic from sailors or foremen of the call-up service on the ship.

Without fawn - without failure, covertly, conspiratorially, secretly.

Beluga - underwear, shirt, pants.

Pancake (tanker) - a plug on the manifold (probably in consonance with the English blind flange).

Blackout - (eng. BLACK OUT) - complete de-energization of the ship.

Beaver - fat, stupid, sloppy, soft-bodied, heat-loving "mama's boy."

Combat Laiba - warship.

Fighter - a sailor whose last name cannot be remembered, a sailor from someone else's crew, just a sailor.

Swamp - we go on green, calm.

Big tidy - weekly Sodom and Gomorrah on the ship. A means of maintaining cleanliness and gloss. A method for detecting sailor skerries. A way to save an officer (midshipman) from going ashore. Emphasizes the superiority of cleanliness and order over reason. It ends with the washing of the personnel.

Borzometer - the level of internal self-control. The borzometer burned down (went off scale) - the limit of someone's impudence clearly exceeded the permissible norms.

boatswain - a sailor from the boatswain team.

BMRT type "Pioneer of Latvia"

BP - combat training.

brigade - several ships.

Bronyaga, Battleship, "Bronetyomkin Ponosets" - in FESCO, a reinforced ice class vessel.

BS - military service. The same as autonomy.

Bagel, aka C-piece (tanker) - a pipe for connecting two manifolds.

Primer - book in general and instructions in particular. (by Konetsky).

paper grandfather - a soldier called up for 1 year after graduation and who has served six months of service.

Buffet - steward, orderly. Sets tables, washes dishes, helps cook.

buffalo - barmaid.

warhead - combat unit, ship unit. Warheads are divided into groups.

Varkul - "gentle" blow with the palm of the hand on the neck.

Watch - duty.

All-night watch - colloquial, joke. - watch while staying in the port or on the roadstead (berthing watch) from 00.00 to 8.00 - i.е. all night long.

Watch - ship's duty.

watch - to be on duty, to keep watch.

introductory - an unexpected task, assignment, business trip or a stupid situation that needs to be responded to in a smart way. Service task without a standard solution.

Vvodnyak - almost the same as the "introductory", but in more worst case, totally unexpected. Upon receipt of such a "B", unprintable comments usually follow, heartbreaking wishes for the corresponding commander (chief), as well as his psychological and service characteristics. Also non-printable.

Great Ship Eater is the nickname for Goodwin's shoals off the southeast coast of England.

Great Migration - let's say the following situation is created: on a ship (quite large and decent), going to sea with an important mission, a large group of high-staff officers, some kind of press group, an ensemble, etc. follow. But a ship, even a large one, is not a cruise liner; only the minimum required number of service personnel and combat crew can live on it, i.e. crew . And even then in very spartan conditions. In this case, officers usually move to the midshipmen's cabins, the midshipman - to the crew quarters, and the sailors and foremen - to combat posts. On submarines, such a resettlement causes the most insignificant presence of "non-standard" officers.

Twirl holes (hole) - razg. arr. - to receive an award, an order. Orders are attached to the form through a hole, with a screw.

Paddle - tablespoon. Sometimes the “oar” is educational - ship comedians drill a hole in the “rowing” part of the spoon and write an index next to it - “Educational”.

Take by the nostril - joke. - take in tow.

City of Vladivostok - Vladik

Wine parallels (or latitudes) - joke. - a strip (belt) of the tropics, in which the teams of Soviet fishing vessels received (until 1985) "tropical" wine (300 g per day). Diluted with water, it quenches thirst well.

Vira - up.

Virat - razg. lift up or choose, drag towards oneself, towards oneself.

Turn on the time machine - swell.

Vladik - razg. nickname - Vladivostok.

get stuck - get into trouble, get into something, get an outfit for dirty work, get into trouble.

Get into recycling - overtime work with a fixed overtime.

Navy - Navy.

Diving underwear - chic pants and a camel wool sweater.

warmore - Navy sailor.

military team - “a military command has arrived ...”, the expression means an order, order, indication, etc., which is distinguished by the paradoxical nature of the tasks set, the illogicality of the proposed methods of execution and the surprising unacceptability of the deadlines. Up to: "Perform yesterday." And it's being fulfilled...

Navy chest Anything above the knees and below the chin.

stinky is the currency of South Korea. 1 skunk = 1.000 Won.

arm - make for action. "Arm a sailing vessel" - provide the necessary spars and rigging, install them in place and bring the vessel into a condition suitable for navigation. "Arm the pump" - prepare the pump for action. "Arm the yard" - equip (rig) the yard and attach to it all the necessary rigging accessories to control and operate it.

Training spoon - paddle

Vorvaner (Vorvaner) - razg. in the language of whalers of the late XIX - early XX centuries. - chief harpooner, whose duties also included monitoring the butchering of whales and the rendering of blubber, whale oil (lard).

Sparrow - a bird that is not found in Kamchatka.

Voroshilovka - an alcoholic drink from a stolen "shila".

Enemies, Mechanics - mechanics.

Rub - convince, prove, persuade.

Swallow, poke - create problems for the newcomers and young people, dump unpleasant work and responsibilities on them.

You - an appeal to a subordinate that carries a hidden threat and malicious intent.

soak anchors - joke. - to defend, to anchor for a long time. “The past frosty winter piled up a solid ice field near Kronstadt, the April sun did not have time to melt it, and the ships now had to soak anchors in the Tallinn roadstead until the icebreakers pave the way”.

Bulging Navy Eye - a universal measure for dosing, determining distances, the strength of something, the quantity and sufficiency of military, chemical, explosive agents, medicines, etc. without the necessary calculations and measurements. Most likely, it acts according to the rule “More is better than less”, so that everyone and everything has enough. Based on previous results, obtained by our own empirical way, this is a positive factor, the second version: when someone heard about this experience or saw something. This is a dangerous option! From here come the prerequisites for accidents and catastrophes, and they are the same with or without victims. It is also used when pouring alcohol into glasses - this is the least dangerous area of ​​\u200b\u200bapplication of this device.

pass out - fall asleep instantly, sleep soundly.

Tower - higher education institution, higher education.

wither - wallow, do nothing, idly rest.

G

Signal bridge - "dovecote"

Gas - strong alcoholic drinks.

screw - one). Task, introductory, order. Catch, chew a nut - work out the execution of this order.2). Star on the run.

Galimy (galimaya) - empty, bare, not up to standard.

Hals training - failure, something did not take place, efforts were wasted in vain.

Good - one). permission for something. Carte blanche for all command and engineering actions for the benefit of the service. 2). Geographic latitude of the place.

DP - 1) Additional rations. 2) An additional day of arrest in the guardhouse for special distinction in the fight against the orders established there or for simple indignation with them in front of the bright eyes of local chiefs. 3). Sign for DP - award token "For a long trip."

to scrub - (smb.) to reprimand smb. strictly. - from “to scrub the deck, copper”, in the same meaning - “to sand”.

Drobanuli - banned, canceled, ruined personal plans and hopes.

Fraction - forbid, from the ceasefire command "Fraction!".

Oak trees - overhead elements symbolizing oak leaves and caps of senior officers and admirals attached to the visor.

madhouse - one). An artificial state of increased official activity on the ship, at the headquarters of the formation on the eve of some important event or the next upcoming check. 2). An assessment of the level of organization and military command in one single military unit or on a ship. 3). The usual assessment of the moral and psychological situation in a military institution the day before, during an exercise or another check by a high headquarters. 4). An assessment of the surrounding situation by an outsider who first fell into the thick of military service. In short - STUPID!

Duchka - (from Polish ducza - hole) - a hole, a hole, a recess, a hole in the latrine, over which a sailor crouches to relieve himself and think about how to live on.

Smoke in the chimney, firewood in the original! - finish the event, lesson, training, teaching.

HER

E ... Japanese policeman - decent swearing. The pause must be sustained masterfully.

Eprst! - quite decent curse. Can be used at home and with children.

F

gasp - to accomplish, to accomplish, to do in one go, to drink in one spirit, to blow up.

Stomach - a young soldier who knows nothing but how to eat on time.

Liquid dollar - alcohol, “awl”, any other alcoholic drink used to solve the issue of acquiring something necessary for a ship or for personal use. Previously, especially during the Gorbachev period, this currency had high price and very wide range.

eat - something unproductive, spending in excess of the prescribed norms. For example: “Run out of soap again? Are you eating him, or what?.

W

Score - to be indifferent, to refuse, not to pay attention.

Drive, drive, bend - come up with or say, offer something unusual, funny, stupid or very smart, creative, meaningful.

The political officer conducts classes with personnel

ass in shells (printed, softer version of the expression) - a person who served on ships for a long time. By analogy with a ship, in which, over time, the bottom is overgrown with various shells, especially in the southern seas.

zalyot - violation of any official or unofficial rule, custom, tradition, offense, punishment for an offense.

Raider - (who committed a disciplinary offense and received the appropriate punishment).

Deputy - the gray cardinal, the second person on the ship after the Commander. A nerd who is not subject to NSS.

Political officer - Deputy commander of the ship for political affairs.

find direction - pay attention, take into account. Start even some actions when it comes to beauty or the extraction of any benefits and pleasures.

Get bogged down, get bogged down - hide, go behind the "ball" or hide in a cache (skerry).

Zimbabwe - a country where everything is better than ours.

Zold - soldier.

AND

IDA, Idashka - individual breathing apparatus with a waterproof suit. In a bag. Scuba tanks, as a rule, are not "full", i.e. no pressure inside. Salvation is difficult.

Inventory - Eternal, according to the "clothesmen", items: Canadian, fur pants for her, PSh, binoculars, Veri's (inventor's name) signal pistol, bunk, boots, etc. Written off in a hundred years, or during a storm, with an entry in the logbook: “During the repair of the anchor device during a storm (sea state 8 points), the navigator was washed overboard, on which were: Canadians - 2, fur pants - 4, a Veri pistol on his chest and binoculars in his pocket, 6 sets of PSH and 9 sets diving underwear. The anchor device was repaired, the navigator was rescued by supplying 6 berths with additional buoyancy, by tying cowhide boots (23 pcs.) And reinforced by 30 meters of the mooring line. All the clothes that were on him, the navigator threw off to stay afloat. The berths, due to the set of water in buoyancy, sank with her.. Signature, seal, write-off.

Turkey - inspector.

Integral - a hook (abgaldyr) bent in a special way, designed to extract various bookmarks made by personnel from behind instruments and from "skerries", or to extract far-hidden garbage into the light of day.

Yo hi do - decent swearing.

spanish collar - a guitar worn on the head of a bard sailor.

Complete "Chain" - go home (from the signal "C" (chain), which means "Return to your connection" according to the code).

TO

Quarantine - the place where conscripts (the course of a young fighter) or who fell ill during an epidemic are serving their primary term of stay.

Barracks - a place for overnight stay of submarine personnel when the boat is not at sea.

Calabaja - sailor carpenter. There are kalabakhs in the fleet to this day :-).

Kalabashnaya - Kalabahi workshop.

Kaptyorka - a pantry with certificates and personal belongings of military personnel.

Karasi - dirty socks.

carp - a young sailor.

Kach, kach - engaging in sports physical exercises to exhaustion.

Sailor in flared trousers

Throw - deceive, deceive.

flare - navy trousers wide down from the knee. enjoy the love of godkov and patrols.

Knecht - boatswain's head. Therefore, they say that you can’t sit on the bollard.

Carpet, "call on the carpet" - analysis of mistakes, an unpleasant conversation with the boss. This word seems to be of general use, but among sailors it has a more pronounced meaning - standing on a worn carpet (or carpet) in the commander's cabin, you feel uncomfortable because of the low ceiling and still have to bend your head, as if in recognition of guilt.
Goat, KZ - short circuit.

Cook - chef in the navy.

ship commander - the most important and respected person in the Navy. A cap or a master is called behind the eyes. With direct appeal: "Comrade Commander!". Calling by military rank is bad manners and terry army.

brigade commander - brigade commander

Dresser - part-commander. A common abbreviation for a job title. This is still nothing, from the classical marine painting by L. Sobolev and S. Kolbasyev, the following name is known: “ZamKom on the MorDe” - deputy commander of the front (army) for maritime affairs (during the Civil War).

lump - Uniform camouflage suit.

Compote - commander of the regiment.

End - any non-metal cable.

double bass - contract serviceman.

Ship - armed vessel, incl. Submarine.

Koresh, Korefan - A friend of deep-seated brotherly friendship.

King of water, shit and steam - usually 4 mechanics, because All of this is under his control.

Mower - 1000 rubles.

Cant, cant - make professional mistakes, slovenliness, imperfection, incorrectness.

Crab - cockade on the headdress. The second meaning is a handshake.

Curva - a noun used to reinforce a negative assessment: "K., not a sailor!".

Piece - a military specialist under a contract, as a rule, an ensign, midshipman.

L

Sailor berths

Laiba - ship.

Lariska, Lara - a brazen ship rat.

Lieutenant - not yet an officer.

Libido - decent swearing. For example: "I'll break your Libido...".

Personnel - all military personnel. For example, the personnel of a ship, a brigade, the Armed Forces. Something without which it would be easy to serve.

Lobar - "gentle" poke with the palm of your hand on the forehead or on the forehead.

Lychka - a narrow strip on shoulder straps: 1 stripe - corporal, senior sailor, 2 stripes - junior sergeant, foreman of the 2nd article, 3 stripes - sergeant, foreman of the 1st article, 1 wide stripe - senior sergeant, chief foreman. Badges are visual signs of professional and status mastery and seniority.

Sea to the castle (ironic) - the state or end of the service process in a given period. Usually this expression refers to officers of the coastal, staff service. A ship in any condition, as well as a workshop with a continuous production cycle, can never be left unattended. Is it only temporarily, going on vacation or being part of a “similar shift”.

Sailor - any person who served in the civil or navy, or who was ordained as sailors at the time of passage iconic places And geographical coordinates(for example, the equator).

bloodworm - minder.

Mudel - a derivative of poodle, asshole and midsection. A very offensive curse.

Muhosransk - ghost town.

H

outrage - a promise of trouble. For example: "You're in trouble again. Wait, I'll abuse you…”.

strained - load, deprivation, constant anxiety, painful mood, stress, resentment, vengeful anger.

People - affectionate treatment to the crew.

Nachpo - head of the political department. Engineer of human souls. Father native for Pavlikov Morozov.

neprukha - a chain of failures, bad luck in the service.

Seal - an eared seal with a mustache, outwardly similar to a bald elderly man.

Hazing relationship - bad, the same as anniversary.

Hazing (hazing) - shoes, cap, stars, crab, etc., that is, beautiful, comfortable, good.

Unustavnyak - the practice of hazing - "hazing" in the army, "godkovshchina" - in the navy.

Bottoms - ship premises on the lower deck, as well as personnel located or working in the lower deck premises.

Nora - cabin.

NSS - recovery, incomplete official compliance. Followed by dismissal.

ABOUT

dress up - to insure, to prevent the onset of trouble from probable directions. Literally: furnish yourself with milestones from all dangerous directions.

Go around on the leeward side - one). Make sure that you are not noticed, not "smelled". 2). To hand over tests conditionally, by agreement. 3). Somehow get rid of the upcoming inspection. 3). Get away from inevitable trouble.

shotgun - any metal container for liquid (galvanized bucket, basin, pan).

OVR - connection of ships for the protection of the water area, as a rule, small ones. The place where smart people are written off (see below). Heroic, but stupid people serve in the OVR. Excellent sailors, hardened by the sea, penalties and eternal isolation from families. There are two ways from the OVR - either to the academy or to the construction battalion (see below). There are exceptions, such as translation into big ship but they are not typical.

Maggot - lazy sailor

Order - an award that goes mainly to staff and coastal officers.

Swim, we know! - an ironic exclamation, meaning that the subordinate or verifier used an ancient trick that bothered everyone or an excuse for his mistakes, which the commander or inspector himself used with equal success at one time, but bygone time.

flatten - pinch, infringe, crush, humiliate, but without visible offenses (without pale).

Shave - to reassure and deceive, to bare clean.

Fit (fit) - a gift (to give).

get blown up - jump up, get up, jump off, run away.

Subscription - an agreement on the passage of contract service.

cripple - crush the ship's hull during inept mooring.

Down with peace, excitement - to the place! - (mocking) emergency work that could have been done a long time ago. Preparing for the arrival of a high commission, sparing neither the strength nor the time of subordinates.

Buyer - an officer who arrived for the young replenishment and escorted to the military unit.

Polmarsos - (mocking) political and moral state. For example, to the question: “How is half a Marsos?”, A qualified answer should have followed: “On the vysidure!”, i.e. at a high ideological level.

half a hundred - fifty. It comes from the need to exclude erroneous hearing of the numbers 50 and 60 during radiotelephone conversations and voice commands.

half fool - an idiot in a degree, not even reaching the fool. It is very dangerous both in peacetime and in wartime. Found in any military ranks.

pom - assistant commander.

washing - bath, shower for personnel.

confuse - to confuse, to make a mistake, to be deceived, to be confused, to stop obeying, to become insolent.

Pornography - or, as a subspecies, Naval Pornography 1). Something done out of hand badly and carelessly, the content of technology, management in violation of the existing rules and traditions of maritime culture. 2). A spoiled, altered in a special way form of clothing. 3). On the contrary, the uniform, which was issued directly from the warehouse, is a couple of sizes larger.

Build - one). educate, chastise, scold. 2). show your superiority. "What are you building me for?" Those. that you find fault, that you command, without having the right to do so.

gathering - a rare kind of encouragement for officers and midshipmen, expressed in a short meeting with the family. Happens on schedule. Violated by the boss with sadistic pleasure. It would have been canceled altogether if it were not for the need of the Motherland for the next generations of ship officers. Separation from duty. Service interference.

similar shift - change of officers, midshipmen, etc., who have the right to leave the ship before the appointed time after the end of this working day, as well as all general events. This is provided that they successfully coped with the tasks of the commander, first mate, deputy and their commanders of combat units and received the "go-ahead".

reckoning - navigator's term, denoting the graphical guidance of laying the path of the ship on the map.

T

Flag of the Russian Pacific Fleet

taban - slow down the process. Strive to “slow down” the passage of a document, some action, etc. This refers to the cheerful creation of artificial problems on the way to the passage of something new and useful. Especially for you personally.

Taska - the same as sadness-longing, doing nothing, stupid movement in time and space, dragging, staring, stupid observation of others.

drag - comrade, a sailor's appeal to a senior. In order to prevent a further fall in subordination, a response no less severe than: “I don’t drag you!”

trudge - enjoy, relax, enjoy, have fun.

Brake - a dull and dull soldier, slow to respond to instructions and orders.

Torpedo - a plywood triangle for stretching sailor trousers into "flared" ugly sizes. The device was invented by Pupkin (see above). The second meaning is an underwater projectile.

poison - give slack to the end (rope), tell naval tales, vomit food due to seasickness (vomit after vodka, poison during pitching).

Bullying - a cheerful friendly conversation, not interrupted by the authorities and taking place in an informal setting. In a formal setting, it is a manifestation of naval democracy. Contagious like the plague, endless like the universe. The main occupation in the absence of superiors and in the society of women. Good under a glass, instead of an appetizer. With appetizer is dessert.

Three calls - this translates as: "three green beeps in the fog", i.e. a signal that the commander has left the ship also means that some of his subordinates can, without undue noise, also attach themselves to his wake to resolve personal issues on the shore. The same three calls, but signifying the arrival of the commander on the ship, sharply increase the crew's vigilance and the level of imitation of violent activity. For non-naval readers: THREE CALLS is not a tribute or honor, it is a signal to the crew that the commander arrived on the ship and took control of it, upon departure - that the chief assistant took control of the ship, and now it is he who will lead the fight for survivability etc. in which case. So that the crew, in which case, would not be tormented by doubts to whom to obey.

Uniform No. 3 and No. 4

Three green horns in the fog - 1) Conditional signal of incomprehensible meaning. 2) Signal, conditional words that have a second, true meaning for a limited group, in order to get rid of unwanted elements.

Three packages - a key phrase from an old military anecdote. Looking for excuses for mistakes in front of the command. The first package - at the beginning of the service, blame everything on the predecessor, the second - desperately repent of their own sins, the third - prepare to leave for a new duty station.

Trindets - the final and irrevocable end, amba, that's it.

Troika - form number 3: flannel shirt, cloth trousers, leather boots.

tropic - a tropical dress code, which includes a cap, jacket and shorts, as well as "slippers with holes", i.e. lightweight sandals with multiple ventilation holes.

Pipe - phone handset. Here, too, naval priority. Speaking pipes appeared in the Navy even before telephones - on ships and coastal batteries.

Tubriki - any local currency, except for the dollar, euro and ruble. Even more often, the local currency is called Kh * yabriki.

You - a friendly address to the subordinate.

At

Dismissal - temporary exemption from military service, going outside the military unit for rest.

smart ass - a daring soldier. Awarded NSSom (see above).

Freaks - Evaluation of superiors by subordinates and subordinates by superiors. Applicable to a group of smart people.

Charter - the official and unofficial code of military laws and regulations, everything that is required by the charter for military personnel, the constitution of military service and the statutory relationships between all military personnel.

Training - a training unit (division, crew, quarantine), in which conscripts receive initial military training.

F

Date fruit - a financier, an officer or midshipman of the financial service, or an acting freelance specialist in the financial service, receiving money at the cash desk and distributing monetary allowances on the ship.

Wick - 1) Insert "wick" - at present, this is an expression of general use, meaning a scolding or penalty. But its origin was originally naval. Once upon a time, in the mist of the historical origins of the fleet, when there were no multi-flag signal codes, the flagship, expressing displeasure with the maneuver of the squadron ship, ordered to raise the name of this ship and the lit and smoking wick visible from afar. The captain of this ship immediately became very clear. The expression “the wick is still smoking” means that this boss is still under the impression of what happened, and it is better not to meddle with him with your problems. 2) The ship's projectionist, a popular and indispensable person on the ship, especially on weekends. It comes from the name of a once popular film magazine. Later, with the widespread introduction of video recorders, the social status of this freelance position fell sharply, since it is not necessary to shove a cassette into the mouth of a shabby "vidik" of the mind and special knowledge, even the very last dunce is capable of this.

Chip (strom) - the location on the guard, monitoring the situation, standing on the lookout, guarding a secret event, something distinctive, significant, eventful.

Flagship Muscle - Head of physical training and sports of the corresponding unit.

W

moorings - a thick rope or cable.

moor - moor to the pier and tie the ship to it with the help of a mooring line.

Mooring team - a group of stupid sailors, poorly trained by the boatswain and assistant and poorly knowing Russian, confusing "left" and "right".

Skerries (geographical) in Turkey

Shelupon - small fish, children, young sailors, junior officers, ships of the OVR formation (see above) from the bridge of the cruiser.

chief - cook, cook.

Awl - alcohol. S. Dolzhikov explains: “For a long time in the Navy, alcohol has had a strange slang name - “awl”. This name is a whole story. Once upon a time, back in the sailing fleet, vodka, a glass of which was certainly poured to sailors before dinner (whoever did not drink, a nickel was added to the salary every day), was stored in leather wineskins. The ties were somehow specially sealed there, so that it could be seen if someone encroached on the sacred. So the most cunning sailors got the hang of piercing wineskins. The alcohol obtained in this way was called “shilny” or “shil”.

Shkryabka - a device with which the metal is cleaned of rust before painting.

Shmon - a sudden and thorough check of the personal belongings of military personnel.

clothes - clothing certificate (see above).

snorkel - the device for the operation of a diesel engine under water. German dangerous invention in the form of a pipe with a large float at the end. With a big wave of the sea, it can take on so much water that the submarine will sink.

rustle - actively act, work or pretend to work.

Joke - a draw, the logical outcome of which, as a rule, is an extensive heart attack.

Shukher - a sudden threat of revealing something secret, hidden, hidden.

skerry - (Sw. skär) various gaps, narrowness, wider - secluded places where you can store various things and even hide for a leisurely conversation with a comrade in a difficult naval service: "Be strong, brother, the time will come - / There will be no" badges "and epaulettes, / And somewhere in a secluded" skerry " / We will jam the moonshine"(Dolzhikov S., No. 11, 2002, p. 23). The second meaning is a winding canyon that cuts deep into the land in the countries of Scandinavia.

SCH

right now - an ironic promise to do something.

Kommersant

Kommersant - an indispensable attribute of true stamina and masculinity. Expressed in behavior and look. Pure marine quality, as only a sailor "b" can also be pronounced aloud.

b

Hall anchors on a pedestal in Kronstadt

b - is used only by the nachpo in a heart-to-heart conversation with subordinates.

E

E - used only in the plural: "Uh-uh", to gain a margin of time in the process of playing with the boss in "why because", for instantaneously inventing a plausible lie to justify not doing something. The length of the pause must be felt very subtly and not overexposed. If there is no experience, it is better not to use “E”, but to prepare answer options in advance.

Equator - 50 days before the order for transfer to the reserve (DMB).

YU

South - a place of rest, but not service.

I

I - a pronounced ego of the boss in dealing with subordinates. When used with the verbs "said", "I order", it represents the truth in the final instance. The second meaning is the cry of a serviceman who accidentally heard his last name from the lips of the commander (chief).

Anchor - the same as the "brake", stupid, slow, lazy, poorly trained soldier.