Goddess calypso - "the one that hides." The meaning of the word calypso in the directory of characters and cult objects of Greek mythology Calypso is an ancient Greek nymph
CALYPSO
IN Greek mythology nymph, daughter of the titan Atlanta and the oceanid Pleione (according to another version, the daughter of Helios and Perseid), the owner of the island of Ogygia, in the Far West. Calypso kept Odysseus for seven years, hiding him from the rest of the world, but could not make the hero forget his homeland. On Ogygia, Calypso lives in the midst of beautiful nature, in a grotto entwined with vines. She is a skilled weaver, every day Calypso appears at the loom in a transparent silver robe. By order of Zeus, transmitted through Hermes, Calypso is forced to release Odysseus to his homeland; she helps him build a raft and supplies him with everything he needs for the journey. Calypso had sons from Odysseus: Latina, Navsithoi, Navsinoya, Avson (Hom. Od. V 13-269; VII 244 - 266). The name Calypso ("one that hides") indicates her connection with the world of death. After leaving Calypso, Odysseus thus conquers death and returns to the world of life.
Characters and cult objects of Greek mythology. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what is CALYPSO in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- CALYPSO in the Ethnographic Dictionary:
- CALYPSO in the Dictionary of Ethnographic Terms:
songs of Negro origin among the peoples ... - CALYPSO
1) nymph, daughter of the titan Atlanta and the oceanides Pleione, sister of the Pleiades, Hyas and Hyades. Belongs to the older generation of titan gods. Taking on the image... - CALYPSO V Concise Dictionary mythology and antiquities:
(Calypso, ??????). Nymph on the island of Ogygia, to which Odysseus escaped on the wreckage of his ship. She stayed for seven years... - CALYPSO in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
in Greek mythology, a nymph who hid Odysseus for seven years in order to make him forget ... - CALYPSO in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
("Calypso"), a French oceanographic vessel. Built in 1942. Works under the program of the Ministry of National Education and the Geographical Society of France. Length 47 m ... - CALYPSO in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
(??????) - a nymph on the fabulous island of Ogilia, where Odysseus escaped on the wreckage of a ship broken by Zeus's lightning for the extermination of the bulls of Helios ... - CALYPSO in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
I non-cl., oil 1. Folk improvisational song and dance genre of the island of Trinidad, characterized by the use of unusual percussion and scraper musical instruments. 2. Double… - CALYPSO
Calypso, a satellite of Saturn, was discovered from the spacecraft. apparatus "Voyager 2" (USA, 1980). Distance from Saturn approx. 295 t. km, diam. OK. … - CALYPSO in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
CALYPSO, in Greek mythology, a nymph, kept Odysseus for seven years in order to make him forget ... - CALYPSO in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron:
(??????) ? nymph on the fabulous island of Ogilia, where Odysseus escaped on the wreckage of the ship, broken by Zeus's lightning for the extermination of the bulls of Helios ... - CALYPSO in the Dictionary for solving and compiling scanwords:
Satellite … - CALYPSO in the New Dictionary of Foreign Words:
(Spanish calypso) 1) folk improvisational song and dance form of the island of Trinidad (West Indies), characterized by the use of unusual percussion and scraper music. tools; 2) ... - CALYPSO in the Dictionary of Foreign Expressions:
[Spanish] calypso] 1. Folk improvisational song and dance form of the island of Trinidad (West Indies), characterized by the use of unusual percussion and scraper music. tools; 2. double… - CALYPSO in the dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian language:
nymph, companion, ... - CALYPSO
- CALYPSO in the Dictionary of the Russian language Lopatin.
- CALYPSO in the Complete Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language.
- CALYPSO in the Spelling Dictionary.
- CALYPSO in the Spelling Dictionary.
- CALYPSO in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB:
in Greek mythology, a nymph who hid Odysseus for seven years in order to make him forget his homeland. - satellite of Saturn, discovered ... - JOYCE in Dictionary of Postmodernism.
- ODYSSEUS in Dictionary Dictionary Myths Ancient Greece,:
- (Greek, lat. Ulysses, Ulisses, Ulixes), king of Ithaca, participant in the siege of Troy, the protagonist of the Odyssey. Grandson of Autolycus, son of Laertes and Anticlea...
And the Oceanides Perseids, or the daughter of Oceanus.
Calypso kept Odysseus for 7 years, hiding from the rest of the world (according to the version, a year). She wished in vain to unite with him forever, offering him immortality and eternal youth. Odysseus did not stop yearning for his homeland and his wife. Finally, the gods took pity and sent Hermes to her with an order to release Odysseus. Calypso, against her will, was forced to let him go, having previously assisted him in the construction of a raft, on which he set off on a further voyage.
According to the Roman writer Gaius Julius Hyginus, Calypso committed suicide because of her love for Odysseus.
Interpretations
Callimachus claimed that the island of Calypso is Gawd (Gozo near Malta). According to Apollonius, she lived on the island of Nymphaeum in the Adriatic.
After leaving Calypso, Odysseus thus conquers death and returns to the world of life.
Family ties
- Daughter of the titan Atlanta, the holder of the firmament, and the oceanid Pleione. (According to another version, the daughter of Helios (Apollo) and Perseid).
- brothers and sisters:
- Hyades. (Calypso is also sometimes ranked among the hyades)
- children from Odysseus:
- Anky(Antiy). (Or the son of Aeneas).
- Ardey. (Or the son of Aeneas).
- Rum (mythology).(Or the son of Aeneas).
- Avson(Avzon) - the ancestor of the Avsons, the most ancient tribe of Italy, the first king of Italy. (Or - the son of Circe).
- Latin- ancestor of the Latins. (Either - the son of Odysseus and Circe, or - the son of Telemachus).
In culture
In the movie Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, Calypso appears as a sea goddess imprisoned by pirates in human body and subsequently released. Her role was played by Naomie Harris. It should be noted that the interpretation of the film scriptwriters has nothing to do with the original Greek myth.
In the fourth book in Rick Riordan's Percy Jackson and the Labyrinth of Death, Rick Riordan's Percy Jackson and the Labyrinth of Death, Calypso is introduced as the daughter of Atlas, under house arrest on her home island of Ogygia for aiding the Titans during the first Titan War against the Gods. Once every thousand years the gods send a hero to the island, wrecked, in which the nymph cannot help but fall in love, and who, despite neither the beauty of Calypso, nor the beautiful peaceful island, cannot stay there for his own reasons, which is part of Calypso's punishment. In the cycle of novels "Heroes of Olympus" in the book "The House of Hades" by the same author, Leo Valdez gets to this island and promises to rescue Calypso from there. At the end of The Blood of Olympus, he nevertheless takes Calypso from Ogygia.
The asteroid (53) Calypso, discovered in 1858, and Saturn's moon Calypso, discovered in 1980, are named after Calypso.
He is the protagonist of Edward Gevorkyan's science fiction novel "Dark Mountain", where he is represented by a descendant of the Atlanteans.
Write a review on the article "Calypso"
Literature
- // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg. , 1890-1907.
- Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1991-92. In 2 vols. T. 1. Pp. 616.
Percy Jackson and the Olympians book series
Links
- / A. Yurieva .. - M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2009. - S. 168. - 528 p. - 3000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9524-4545-1.
- // Dictionary of proper names of the Russian language / F. L. Ageenko .. - M .: Mir and Education, 2010. - 877 p. - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-94666-588-9.
- calypso // Explanatory Dictionary of Foreign Words / Krysin L.P. . - M .: Eksmo, 2007. - 944 p. - ISBN 978-5-699-16575-9.
- // Russian spelling dictionary / O. E. Ivanova, V. V. Lopatin. - 2nd ed., corrected. and additional .. - M .:, 2004. - 960 p. - ISBN 978-5-462-01272-3.
- I. M. Tronsky, History of Ancient Literature, 2007, p. 41.
- Homer. Odyssey VII 244
- Hygin. Myths. Introduction 16
- Tsets. Commentary on "Alexandra" by Lycophron 174
- Hygin. Myths 125
- Pseudo Apollodorus. Mythological Library E VII 24
- Hesiod. Theogony 1018
- Hesiod. List of women, fr.150, art.30 M.-U.
- Hygin. Myths 243
- Strabo. Geography VII 3, 6 (p. 299)
- Apollonius of Rhodes. Argonautica IV 573
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
An excerpt characterizing Calypso
Pyotr the valet, now completely awake from sleep, woke the doctor. Timokhin, who could not sleep all the time because of the pain in his leg, had long seen everything that was being done, and, diligently covering his undressed body with a sheet, huddled on the bench.- What is it? said the doctor, rising from his bed. “Let me go, sir.”
At the same time, a girl knocked on the door, sent by the countess, missing her daughter.
Like a somnambulist who was awakened in the middle of her sleep, Natasha left the room and, returning to her hut, fell on her bed sobbing.
From that day on, during the entire further journey of the Rostovs, at all rests and overnight stays, Natasha did not leave the wounded Bolkonsky, and the doctor had to admit that he did not expect from the girl either such firmness or such skill in walking after the wounded.
No matter how terrible the idea seemed to the countess that Prince Andrei could (very likely, according to the doctor) die during the journey in the arms of her daughter, she could not resist Natasha. Although, as a result of the now established rapprochement between the wounded Prince Andrei and Natasha, it occurred to me that in the event of recovery, the former relations between the bride and groom would be resumed, no one, still less Natasha and Prince Andrei, spoke about this: the unresolved, hanging question of life or death was not only over Bolkonsky, but over Russia obscured all other assumptions.
Pierre woke up late on September 3rd. His head ached, the dress in which he slept without undressing weighed heavily on his body, and in his soul there was a vague consciousness of something shameful that had been committed the day before; it was shameful yesterday's conversation with Captain Rambal.
The clock showed eleven, but it seemed especially overcast outside. Pierre got up, rubbed his eyes, and, seeing a pistol with a carved stock, which Gerasim put back on the desk, Pierre remembered where he was and what was coming to him that very day.
“Am I too late? thought Pierre. “No, he will probably make his entry into Moscow no earlier than twelve.” Pierre did not allow himself to think about what lay ahead of him, but was in a hurry to act quickly.
Adjusting his dress, Pierre took a pistol in his hands and was about to go. But then for the first time the thought came to him about how, not in his hand, along the street to carry this weapon to him. Even under a wide caftan it was difficult to hide a large pistol. Neither behind the belt nor under the arm could it be placed inconspicuously. In addition, the pistol was unloaded, and Pierre did not have time to load it. “It doesn’t matter, the dagger,” Pierre said to himself, although more than once, discussing the fulfillment of his intention, he decided with himself that the main mistake of the student in 1809 was that he wanted to kill Napoleon with a dagger. But, as if Pierre’s main goal was not to fulfill his plan, but to show himself that he did not renounce his intention and was doing everything to fulfill it, Pierre hastily took what he had bought from the Sukharev Tower along with a pistol a blunt serrated dagger in a green scabbard and hid it under his waistcoat.
Belting his caftan and pulling on his hat, Pierre, trying not to make noise and not meet the captain, walked along the corridor and went out into the street.
That fire, which he had looked at with such indifference the previous evening, increased significantly during the night. Moscow was already burning from different sides. Burning at the same time Karetny Ryad, Zamoskvorechye, Gostiny Dvor, Povarskaya, barges on the Moskva River and a wood market near the Dorogomilovsky Bridge.
Pierre's path lay through lanes to Povarskaya and from there to the Arbat, to Nikola Yavlenny, in whose imagination he had long ago determined the place where his deed should be done. Most of the houses had locked gates and shutters. The streets and lanes were deserted. The air smelled of burning and smoke. From time to time there were Russians with uneasily timid faces and Frenchmen with a non-urban, camp look, walking along the middle of the streets. Both of them looked at Pierre with surprise. In addition to his great height and thickness, in addition to the strange gloomy concentrated and suffering expression of his face and whole figure, the Russians looked closely at Pierre, because they did not understand what class this person could belong to. The French followed him with surprise with their eyes, especially because Pierre, disgusted by all other Russians, who looked at the French with fear or curiosity, did not pay any attention to them. At the gates of a house, three Frenchmen, who were explaining something to the Russian people who did not understand them, stopped Pierre, asking if he knew French?
Pierre shook his head negatively and went on. In another alley, a sentry standing at a green box shouted at him, and Pierre only realized at the repeated menacing cry and the sound of a gun taken by the sentry in his hand that he had to go around the other side of the street. He did not hear or see anything around him. He, like something terrible and alien to him, with haste and horror carried his intention within himself, fearing - taught by the experience of last night - somehow lose it. But Pierre was not destined to convey his mood intact to the place where he was heading. In addition, even if he had not been hindered by anything on the way, his intention could not have been fulfilled already because Napoleon had traveled more than four hours ago from the Dorogomilovsky suburb through the Arbat to the Kremlin and was now sitting in the tsar’s office in the gloomiest mood. Kremlin Palace and gave detailed, detailed orders on the measures that should immediately have been taken to extinguish the fire, prevent looting and calm the inhabitants. But Pierre did not know this; he, completely absorbed in what was to come, was tormented, as people are tormented who stubbornly undertook an impossible deed - not because of difficulties, but because of the unusualness of the matter with their nature; he was tormented by the fear that he would weaken at the decisive moment and, as a result, lose respect for himself.
Although he did not see or hear anything around him, he knew the way by instinct and was not mistaken by the lanes that led him to Povarskaya.
As Pierre approached Povarskaya, the smoke grew stronger and stronger, it even became warm from the fire. From time to time, fiery tongues rose from behind the roofs of houses. More people met on the streets, and this people were more anxious. But Pierre, although he felt that something unusual was going on around him, did not realize that he was approaching the fire. Walking along a path that ran along a large undeveloped place, adjacent on one side to Povarskaya, on the other to the gardens of the house of Prince Gruzinsky, Pierre suddenly heard a desperate cry of a woman beside him. He stopped, as if awakening from a dream, and raised his head.
The beautiful and at the same time mysterious image of Calypso has always excited the imagination of people. Artists painted her portraits. Poets dedicated odes to her. She often became the main character of works of art. It was named after her and legendary ship Cousteau, and an asteroid wandering in infinity. So who is she really? Calypso is...
Mythology
To paraphrase the well-known phrase that all roads lead to Rome, we can say that all the answers to important questions are stored in the myths of Ancient Greece.
So, according to ancient Greek mythology, Calypso is an incomparable nymph. According to one version, she is the daughter of the mighty titan Atlanta and his beloved oceanid Pleione, according to another, she is the daughter of the solar deity Helios and the oceanid Perseid. Literally translated from ancient Greek, her amazing name means "the one that hides." And she really hid it for a long time and zealously. Whom? Calypso is a mysterious character! Let's figure it out together.
deserted island
To answer this question, you need to go on a long journey to a beautiful, but lost place in the middle of the endless ocean - Ogygia. This is the island of Calypso, a ghost island, the so-called navel of the earth, which lies everywhere and nowhere at the same time.
Beautiful, dense deciduous and coniferous forests grow there: slender cypresses, cedars, the “tree of life” - thuja, as well as poplars and alders. She herself lives in a grotto entwined with vines, at the entrance to which four springs originate, symbolizing the cardinal points.
The most colorful description of the island can be found in Homer's poem "The Odyssey". But, as scientists suggest, this is not a mythical place at all. It existed and exists somewhere to this day. Only some see in it the island of Gozo in the Mediterranean, others - Sazani in the Adriatic. For example, Plutarch suggested that modern Ireland is the prototype of Calypso's homeland.
Odysseus is a wanderer involuntarily
The name Calypso is inextricably linked with another character - Odysseus. In the myths and poem of Homer, Odysseus is the king of Ithaca, who, as a punishment for his self-confidence, was doomed by the gods to wander for twenty years. He was bold, cunning, dexterous, inventive and daring. These qualities helped him in life, and in governing the country, and in numerous battles for Troy. But, as often happens, they also interfered with him and served as the reason for his long wanderings, during which he was the first among people to set foot on earth. amazing island and met the goddess Calypso...
Meeting
Once upon a time big ship Odysseus arose a violent storm. She was sent by none other than the angry Zeus - the god of the sky, thunder and lightning. He was outraged by the sacrilege of the team of King Ithaca, who, mad with hunger, decided on a terrible thing - to sacrifice several cows from the herd of Helios on the island. They thought later to make amends by building a temple in Ithaca in honor of Helios, the god of the sun. But such disobedience is not forgiven by the gods.
After a severe storm, only one person was able to survive: he was caught on a shipwreck. For nine days he was tossed around the endless sea desert, and on the tenth day he was washed up on mysterious island. The name of the survivor was Odysseus, and his savior was the nymph Calypso.
The daughter of the gods, assuming a human form, cordially greeted the wanderer. And when she got to know him better, she fell in love with him with all her heart, offered to stay with her forever and become her husband. Every day she seduced the young man with her beauty, surrounded him with incredible luxury, sang songs with her “ringingly pleasant” voice, offered the most priceless not only for man, but also for God - immortality and eternal youth. But the heart of Odysseus remained deaf to her exhortations, feelings, beauty and amazing nature around. He did not perceive himself as a king and beloved of a captivating nymph. He felt like a prisoner. His spirit was tormented and wept, and he sat for a long time on the seashore, longing for his homeland and his beloved wife, Penelope.
Liberation
Seven years have passed. Athena was the first to notice the loss of the hero of the Trojan War. She decided to help him and went to Zeus. The latter listened carefully to her request for the release of Odysseus and agreed to help. Hermes volunteered to become the envoy of the order of Zeus. He went to the island and gave the nymph the desire of the supreme god. Calypso agreed to let her lover go. No matter how hard it was for her to part with him, it was even more unbearable to see the torment and longing of the captive.
She helped him build a raft and equipped him with everything he needed: clothes, fresh water, bread and wine. And in pursuit sent a fair wind.
Thus ends the last adventure of the king of Ithaca before the long-awaited arrival at home. And now you do not hesitate to say that Calypso is a nymph who unrequitedly loved Odysseus.
After being saved from Scylla and Charybdis, the ship of Odysseus sailed to the island, where the sacred sheep and cows of the god Helios grazed. Circe, and before her the soothsayer Tiresias warned Odysseus that if the herds of Helios were touched, then Odysseus would lose all his comrades. Odysseus, remembering the gloomy prophecies, ordered his companions not to stop and sail past the island, but Odysseus' comrades opposed, saying that they were tired and could not swim further. Odysseus agreed to stop on the island, but strictly forbade touching any sheep or cow from the herds of Helios.
After stopping, Odysseus and his people had to spend a month on the island, waiting for a fair wind. When the food supplies that Circe had given ran out, Odysseus's companions had to hunt birds and fish. Once Odysseus fell asleep, and his comrades, distraught with hunger, decided to sacrifice several cows to the gods, and upon returning to Ithaca, build a temple to Helios to make amends for him.
When the companions of Odysseus slaughtered several cows from the herd, Helios complained to Zeus. The lord of the gods promised to punish the blasphemers. When the ship of Odysseus went to sea, Zeus threw lightning at him. All the companions of Odysseus died, only Odysseus escaped, clinging to the wreckage of the ship. For nine days, Odysseus was carried by the sea, and on the tenth day he was washed up on the island of the nymph Calypso, where Odysseus was destined to spend 7 years.
Calypso ("the one that hides") was the daughter of the titan Atlanta and the oceanid Pleione (according to another version, Calypso was the daughter of the god Helios and Perseid).
Calypso fell in love with Odysseus and wanted him to stay with her forever, offering him immortality. However, Odysseus, yearning for his homeland and his wife Penelope, constantly wept, "tormenting his spirit with groans, tears and bitter sadness."
H. J. Ford - Odysseus and Calypso
N. C. Wyeth - Odysseus and Calypso
Athena persuaded Zeus to let Odysseus be released. Zeus sent Hermes to Calypso, instructing him to convey the order to release Odysseus.
Karl Lehmann - Calypso
Calypso, submitting to the will of Zeus, told Odysseus:
It will be, ill-fated, you will grieve inconsolably with me!
Don't shorten your life. I willingly let you go.
This is what you will do: chop large logs into a wide
You will put together their raft, you will arrange a high platform on the raft,
To carry you through the hazy-foggy sea.
I'll give you bread, water and red wine for the road
I will generously supply them so that they avert hunger from you.
I will dress you in a dress and send you a fair wind,
So that you arrive completely unharmed in your father's land,
If those who reign in the wide sky so desire
Gods who are above me both in decision and in deed.
(...) you are torn in spirit to your native land,
To see your spouse, you yearn for her all the time.
Indeed, I can boast - not at all in appearance or height
I will not yield to your wife. Yes, and is it possible with the goddess
Should a mortal earthly woman measure her beauty?
(Homer "The Odyssey", song 5)
Odysseus replied to the nymph:
Don't be angry with me, mistress goddess! I know
I myself am good, how pathetic compared to you
The growth and appearance of her reasonable Penelopeia.
She is mortal - you are not subject to death or old age.
All the same, and at the same time, I wish and I'm torn all the days continuously
Return home again and see the day of return.
The next morning, Calypso gave Odysseus a copper ax, after which Odysseus made himself a raft, on which he set off.
Poseidon, having learned about the release of Odysseus, became angry and sent a terrible storm.
Odysseus fighting the storm was seen by the goddess Leucothea:
She felt sorry for Odysseus, how, tormented, he rushed among the waves.
Similar to a dive in summer, fluttered from the surface of the sea,
She sat on a raft to Odysseus and said the following word:
"Poor! Why is Poseidon, the shaker of the earth, so terribly
Angry at you for sending you so many misfortunes?
But he will not destroy you at all, no matter how much he wishes.
Here's what you do now - you don't seem unreasonable to me.
Having thrown off this clothes, leave your raft to arbitrariness
Winds and, throwing himself into the waves, working hard with his hands,
Swim to the edge of the feacs, where there will be salvation.
On the! Spread this imperishable cover on your chest.
You can not be afraid to accept suffering with him or die.
Only, however, with your hands you grab the solid ground,
Immediately take off the veil and throw into the wine-black sea,
As far as possible, and turn away at the same time.
So saying, the goddess gave him the veil
And plunged back into the waves of the boiling sea ...
John Flaxman - Odysseus and Leucothea
At the council, the immortal gods decided that Athena should help Telemachus return home unscathed and prevent the suitors from attacking him. Hermes must fly to the island of Ogygia and command the nymph Calypso to release Odysseus. The Thunderer immediately sent Hermes to Calypso.
Putting on his winged sandals and picking up a rod, quick as thought, Hermes rushed from Olympus. Like a sea eagle, he flew over the sea and in the twinkling of an eye reached Ogygia. This island was wonderful. Sycamores, poplars, pines, cedars and cypresses grew luxuriantly on it. The lawns were covered with lush grass, and lush violets and lilies were fragrant in the grass. Four springs irrigated the island, and, whimsically meandering between the trees, streams ran from them. There was a cool grotto on the island; the nymph Calypso lived in it. The entire grotto was overgrown with vines, and ripe bunches hung from them. When Hermes entered the grotto, Calypso was sitting and weaving a coverlet with a marvelous pattern with a golden shuttle. Odysseus was not in the grotto. He sat alone on a cliff near the seashore, his gaze fixed on the sea distance. Odysseus shed tears, remembering his native Ithaca. So he spent whole days, sad and lonely.
Seeing Hermes entering, Calypso stood up to meet him. She invited him to sit down and offered him ambrosia and nectar. Satisfied with the food of the gods, Hermes conveyed to the nymph the will of the king of the gods and people Zeus. Calypso was saddened when she learned that she had to part with Odysseus. She wanted to keep him forever on her island and grant him immortality. But she could not resist the will of Zeus.
When Hermes left Calypso, she went to the seashore, where sad Odysseus was sitting, and said to him:
Odysseus, dry your eyes, grieve no more. I'm letting you go home. Go get an axe, chop some trees and make a strong raft. You will go on it, and I will send you a fair wind. If it pleases the gods, then you will return to your homeland.
Goddess, - answered Calypso Odysseus, - you are not preparing a return to your homeland for me, but something else. How can I cross a stormy sea on a fragile raft? After all, a high-speed ship does not always safely cross it. No, goddess, I will only then dare to board the raft if you give me an inviolable oath of the gods that you do not plan to destroy me.
They say the truth, Odysseus, that you are the smartest and most far-sighted of mortals! - exclaimed Calypso, - I swear to you by the waters of the Styx, I do not want your death.
She returned with Odysseus Calypso to the grotto. There, during the meal, she began to persuade Odysseus to stay. She promised Odysseus immortality. She said that if only Odysseus knew how many dangers he would have to endure during the journey, then he would have stayed with her. But Odysseus's desire to return to his homeland was too strong, no promises could make Calypso forget his native Ithaca and his family.
The next morning, Odysseus set about building a raft. Odysseus worked for four days, felling trees, hewing logs, tying them and knocking them down with boards. Finally, the raft was ready, and the mast with the sail was fixed on it. Calypso gave Odysseus supplies for the journey and said goodbye to him. Odysseus unraveled the sail, and the raft, driven by a fair wind, went out to sea.
For eighteen days Odysseus had already sailed, determining the path through the constellations - the Pleiades and Ursa Major. Finally land appeared in the distance - it was the island of the Phaeacians. At this time, the god Poseidon, who was returning from the Ethiopians, saw the raft of Odysseus. The lord of the seas was angry. He seized his trident and struck the sea with it. A terrible storm arose. The clouds covered the sky, the winds of the sea, flying from all sides. Odysseus was horrified. In fear, he envies even those heroes who died with glory near Troy. A huge wave hit the raft of Odysseus and washed him into the sea. Odysseus plunged deep into the depths of the sea, he swam out by force. He was disturbed by the clothes given at parting by the nymph Calypso. Nevertheless, he overtook his raft, grabbed it and with great difficulty climbed onto the deck. The winds were violently throwing the raft in all directions. Either the fierce Boreas drove him, then Not, then the noisy Eurus played them, and, after playing, threw Zephyra. Like mountains, waves piled up around the raft.
The sea goddess Leukothea saw Odysseus in such danger. She took off under the guise of a dive from the sea, sat on the raft of Odysseus and took on her real image. Turning to him, Levkothea ordered him to take off his clothes, throw himself from the raft into the sea and swim to the shore. The goddess gave Odysseus a wonderful veil that was supposed to save him. Having said this, she assumed the form of a diver Leukothea and flew away. However, Odysseus did not dare to leave the raft. But then the god Poseidon erected a huge wolf, like a mountain, and brought it down on the raft of Odysseus. As a gust of wind blows a heap of straw in all directions, so a wave swept the logs of a raft. Odysseus barely had time to grab one of the logs and sit on it. He quickly tore off his clothes, tied himself with the veil of Leucothea, threw himself into the sea and swam to the island. Poseidon saw this and exclaimed:
Well, enough of you now! Now swim the rough sea until someone rescues you. You will now be pleased with me!
So exclaiming, Poseidon drove his horses to his underwater palace. Pallas Athena came to the aid of Odysseus. She forbade all winds to blow, except Boreas, and began to calm the raging sea.
For two days Odysseus rushed across the stormy sea. Only on the third day the sea calmed down. From the top of the wave, Odysseus saw land nearby and was terribly happy. But when he was already swimming to the shore, he heard the sound of the surf. The waves roared between the coastal cliffs and underwater rocks. The death of Odysseus would have been inevitable, he would have been smashed against the rocks, but even then Pallas Athena helped him. Odysseus managed to grab onto the rock, and the wave, receding, tore him off the rock with force and carried him into the sea. Now Odysseus swam along the shore and began to look for a place where he could swim ashore. Finally, he saw the mouth of the river. Odysseus prayed to the god of the river for help. God heard him, stopped his course and helped Odysseus get to the shore. A mighty hero came ashore, but a long voyage so weakened him that he fell senseless to the ground. Odysseus came to his senses. He took off the veil of Leucothea and, without turning around, threw it into the water. The veil quickly floated and returned to the hands of the goddess. Odysseus, on the other hand, found two densely overgrown olive trees, under which there was a pile of dry leaves. He buried himself in the leaves to protect himself from the night cold, and the goddess Athena plunged him into a deep sleep.
