home Job Russian-Georgian phrasebook with accents. Georgian language

Russian-Georgian phrasebook with accents. Georgian language

Georgian language (ქართული ენა kartuli ena listen)) is the official state language of Georgia. Belongs to the Kartvelian group. One of the most ancient living languages on earth - appeared in the 3rd century AD.

What do you need to know when going to Georgia? Most Georgians over 30 know Russian. Young people, as a rule, know English. In Adjara (Batumi), the majority understands Turkish. But in small towns and villages people communicate only in Georgian. This is where the Russian-Georgian phrasebook, which is given at the end of the article, will come in handy.

Features of the Georgian language

In the modern Georgian alphabet 33 letters- 5 vowels and 28 consonants. This is the only alphabet in the world in which one sound corresponds to one letter and vice versa.

Pronounced accents not in Georgian. However, there is a conditional rule. In disyllabic words, the stress is usually on the first syllable, in polysyllabic words - on the third syllable from the end.

In Georgian no birth. In Georgian writing no capital letters.

The Georgian language is very beautiful. And Georgian polyphony is recognized by UNESCO as a masterpiece of cultural heritage. In 1977, two Voyager spacecraft set off to explore space. On board is a message from humanity to extraterrestrial civilizations. Among the great works - Chakrulo song:

Georgian dialects

There are several Kartvelian languages: actually common Georgian - literary (Kartuli ena), Svan (Lushnu Nin), Mingrelian (Margalur Nina), Laz (Lazuri Nena).

The Georgian language includes several dialects, the differences between which are insignificant: Kartlian, Kakheti, Imeretian, Gurian, Pshavian, Racha, Adjarian, Khevsurian, Tushian, etc.

Interesting facts about the Georgian language

The modern Georgian alphabet “Mkhedruli” was created in the 10th century, and in the 60s of the 19th century Ilya Chavchavadze carried out a reform and reduced the number of letters in the alphabet to 33, removing five archaic and practically unused letters from it.
The first surviving monument of Georgian literature, “The Martyrdom of Shushanik” by Yakov Tsurtaveli. Written between 475-484.
1709 - printing began in Georgia.
Some familiar words were significantly influenced by the warlike past of the people. For example, gamarjoba= hello comes from a wish for victory. Reply gagimajos= victory for you. Good morning literally means “peaceful morning” ( dilamshvidobisa).
Georgian numerals up to 20 are based on the decimal number system, and from 20 to 100 on the 20 number system. For example, the number 35 is translated as “twenty and fifteen.”

Number	Translation	Formation principle
10	ati	—
20	oci	—
30	otsdaati	20 and 10
40	ormotsi	2 times 20
50	ormotsdaati	2 times 20 and 10
60	samotsi	3 times 20
70	self-cide	3 times 20 and 10
80	otkhmotsi	4 times 20
90	otkhmotsdaati	4 times 20 and 10
100	asi	—

Under the USSR in Georgia, the Georgian language had the status of the state language.
In ancient Georgian, “juga” means “steel”. Therefore, Joseph Dzhugashvili got the pseudonym Stalin. In fact, this is a direct translation of the surname into Russian.
The Guinness Book of Records includes the word " gvprtskvnis"(he cleanses us, he removes the husks from us). This word has 8 consonants in a row.
There is a version that the word wine (vine, wine,) comes from the Georgian gvino(ღვინო). Which, in turn, goes back to the verb “ Gwivili"(ღვივილი) - bloom, bring to a boil, ferment). Georgian word " Dagwinda" means the end of the wine fermentation process. The same can be said about a person: “dagvinda bichi” means a mature young man. This is not surprising, because the tradition of winemaking originated in Georgia back in the 6th millennium BC.
In Danelia’s film “Kin-dza-dza!” the characters speak the Chatlan-Patsak language. And it was created on the basis of Georgian. Famous " ku"in Georgian means "turtle". Gravitsapa comes from the Georgian expression “ ra vitsi aba« - “Who knows!” Pepelats generally takes on a very romantic flair, because ashes in Georgian it means “butterfly”. And etsikh comes from Georgian tsikhe- jail.

Russian - Georgian phrasebook with pronunciation

If you want to know how to say thank you in Georgian, see our dictionary.

Yes	ho (colloquial), ki (neutral), diah (respectful)
No	macaw
Thank you	madloba
Thanks a lot	didi madloba
My pleasure	arapris
I'm sorry	ukatsravat (if you ask for directions)
Sorry	bodyshi (if someone is accidentally pushed)
Hello	gamarjoba
return greeting	Gagimarjos
Goodbye	nahvamdis
bye (friendly farewell)	kargad
Do you speak Russian?	tkven laparakobt rusulad?
I	meh
You	sheng
We	chwen
You	tkven
They	isini
How are you?	Rogor Hart?
Fine. How are you?	kargad. Tkwan?
what is your name?	ra gquiat?
sir (polite address)	loaf
madam (polite address)	calbatono
Fine	kargad
Badly	tsudad
mother	grandfather
father	Mother
son	Vazhishvili
daughter	Kalishvili
wife	tsoli, meugle (spouse)
husband	kmari, meugle (husband)
Friend	megobari (friend), genatsvale (literally - I am for you, used as a form of address), dzmakatsi (close friend, brother-in-arms), akhlobeli (buddy)
Cool!	Magrad!
Very good!	dzalian kargad!
so-so!	ara mishavs!
ok, good	hags
My name is …	me var...
meet my friend	gaitsanite chemi megabari
with pleasure	Siamovnebit
come in!	shemobrdzandit!
sit down!	dabrzandit!
I agree	tanakhma var
Certainly	ra tkma unda
Right	scoria
Very good	dzalian kargad
Everything is fine	kwelaperi rigzea
can I ask you?	sheizleba gthovot?
I beg you very much!	dzalian gthowt!
can I come in?	sheidzleba shemovide?
can I smoke?	sheidzleba movzio?
this is too much!	es ukwe nametania!
horror!	Sashinelebaa!
Weird!	utsnauria!
Sorry, I'm in a hurry!	ukatsravad, mechkareba!
What would you like?	ra gnebavt?
Nothing!	araperi!
I want to see the city	Minda Kalakis Datvaliereba
You are very kind	tkven dzalian tavaziani brdzandebit
in no case!	aravitar shemthvevasi!
it is forbidden!	ar sheidzleba!
I don't think	aramgonia
Don't want!	ar minda!
you are wrong!	tkven is debiting!
I am very happy!	dzalian miharia!
How much does it cost?	ra hirs?
what it is?	es ra aris?
I will buy it	me amas wikidi
you have…	twain gaakvt...?
open	hiaa
closed	daketilia
a little, little	price
a little	tsotati
a lot of	bevri
All	khvela
bread	puri
drink	sasmeli, dasalebi (alcohol)
coffee	kava
tea	teas
juice	tsveni
water	tskkhali
wine	gvino
meat	khortsi
salt	Marili
pepper	pilpili
Where…?	garden aris...?
how much does the ticket cost?	tickets ra ghirs?
train	matarebeli (from tareb - to lead)
metro	metro
airport	airports
railway station	rkinigzis sadguri
bus station	autosadguri
departure	gasvla
arrival	Chamosvla
hotel	sastumro
room	otahi
passport	passports
left	Marchniv
right	Marjniv
directly	pirdapir
up	zemot
down	quamoth
far	shores
close	akhlos
map	hand
mail	post
museum	museumumi
bank	banks
police	police
hospital	saavadmkhopo, first aid stations
pharmacy	Aptiaki
shop	shop
restaurant	restaurants
church	eklesia
Street	a bunch
young woman	gogon
young man	ahalgazrdav

date and time

what time is it now?	Romeli Saathia?
day	dghe
a week	queer
month	TVE
year	goals
Monday	orshabati
Tuesday	Samshabati
Wednesday	otkhshabati
Thursday	hutshabati
Friday	paraskavi
Saturday	Shabbat
Sunday	queer
winter	zamtari
spring	gazaphuli
summer	got sick
autumn	shemodgoma

Numerals

1	erti
2	ori
3	themselves
4	otkhi
5	Houthis
6	eqsi
7	Shvidi
8	ditch
9	tshra
10	ati
11	termeti
12	tormeti
13	tsameti
14	tokhmeti
15	thutmeti
16	tekvsmeti
17	tsvidmeti
18	tvrameti
19	Tskhrameti
20	otsi
30	otsdaati
40	ormotsi
50	ormotsdaati
100	ac

Guardian of mountains and rivers, country of the Black Sea coast. Geographical features of Georgia and reservoirs with a wealth of minerals attract millions of travelers from all over every year. Some people find themselves surrounded by natural beauty, some like the local hospitality, while others can no longer imagine life without wonderful Georgian wine.

Many people in the country speak Russian, but for more comfortable communication with the locals, you can try speaking Georgian. A tourist does not need to know all the basics of grammar and subtleties of pronunciation, but the Russian-Georgian phrasebook will be an excellent assistant for more lively conversations. On our website you can download an excellent guide that contains the most relevant words for traveling around.

Basic words

Yes	Ho (polite - diah)
No	Macaw
Thank you, thank you very much	Madlobt
Please	Gataqua
My pleasure	Arapris
Sorry	Bodishi
Hello	Gamarjoba (Gamarchoba), pl. Part - Gamarjobat (gamarchobate)
Goodbye	Nakhvamdis
Bye	Jarjarobit
Good morning	Dila mshvidobisa
Good afternoon	Dhe mshvidobisa
Good evening	Salamo mshvidobisa
Good night	G'khame mshvidobisa
How to say this by...	Rogor ikneba es...?
Do you speak…	Laparakobt... ?
English	Inglisurad
French	Prangulad
German	Germanulad
I	Mae
We	Chwen
You	Sheng
You	Tkven
They	Isini
What is your name?	Ra gquiat?
Fine	Kargad
Badly	Tsudad
Wife	Tsoli
Husband	Kmari
Daughter	Kalishvili
Son	Vazhishvili
Mother	Deda
Father	Mother
Friend	Magobari
Hello)!	Gamarjoba
Hello!	Salami!
Good morning!	Dila mshvidobisa!
Good evening!	Sagamo mshvidobisa!
How are you doing?	Rogor Hart?
OK, thank you	Gmadlobt, kargad
Great!	Chinebulad!
Very good!	Dzalian kargad!
Not all so good!	Arts tu ise kargad!
So-so!	Ara mishavs!
Badly!	Tsudad!
You are pale.	Tkven permkrtali hart.
Yes, I don't feel well.	Diah, tavs tsudad vgrdznob.
What's wrong with you?	Ra mogividat?
I probably have a fever. Or just tired.	Albat sitshe makvs, an ubirod, davigale.
How are yours doing?	Tkvenebi rogor arian?
Thank you, as usual.	Gmadlobt, dzveleburad.
Let me introduce you. I…	Neba mibodzet gagesnot. Me var...
Be familiar.	Itsnobdet ertmanets.
Meet my friend.	Gaitsanite chemi megabari.
With pleasure.	Siamovnebit.
Glad to meet you.	Mokharuli var, rum gagitsanit.
And I.	Metz aseve.
I've heard a lot about you.	Tkwenze bevri msmenya.
Do you know this girl?	Itsnobt am gogonas?
Well, of course!	Rogor macaw!
I don't know her (him).	Me mas ar vitsnob.
He/she wants to meet you.	Mas unda tkveni gatsnoba.
He and I are old friends.	Chven dzveli megobrebi vart.
Please welcome to visit us today for lunch, dinner...	Gthovt chemtan mobrdzandet stumrad sadze, vakhshamze...
Thank you, with great pleasure!	Gmadlobt, didi siamovnebit!
Unfortunately, I can't, I'm busy!	Samtsukharod ar shemidzlia, dakavebuli var!
Won't you go to the theater today?	Hom ar tsamokhvalt dges theater girls?
I'll go!	Tsamoval!
This will be very interesting for me!	Yes dzalian sainteresto ikneba chemtwis.
Sign in!	Shemobrdzandit!
Sit down!	Dabrdzandit!
Try it please.	Miirtvit (gasinjet) tu sheidzleba.
Make yourself at home!	Tavi ise igrzenit, rogorts sakutar sahlshi!
I agree (I agree)	Me tanakhma var.
Certainly.	Ra tkma unda.
Right.	Scoria.
And I think so.	Mets ace vpikrob.
Very good.	Dzalian hag.
I'm of the same opinion.	Metz am Azris var.
Of course it's better this way.	Ra tkma unda, ase uketesia.
Everything is fine.	Kwelaperi rigzea.
I think you're right.	Chemi Azrit, Tkven Martali Hart.
This is true.	ES Martlats asea.
Our thoughts are the same.	Chveni azrebi ertmanets emtkhveva
Can I ask you?	Sheidzleba gthovot?
I beg you very much!	Dzalian gthowt!
I have to ask you!	Tkwentan thovna makvs!
Please consider my request!	Gthovt chemi tkhovna gaitvaliscinot
I was allowed.	Neba damrtes.
It's your right, do as you want!	Es tkveni nebaa, rogorts gindat ise moiketsit!
Can I come in?	Sheidzleba shemovide?
Can I open (close) the window?	Sheidzleba gavago (davketo) panjara?
Can I borrow a magazine?	Sheidzleba avigo journal?
Can I sit here?	Sheidzleba ak davjde?
Can I have a smoke?	Sheidzleba movzio?
Goodbye!	Nahvamdis!
Goodbye!	Mshvidobit!
Bye!	Jer-jerobit!
Good night!	Game mshvidobisa!
Don't get lost!	Well, yeskargebi!
Hope to see you soon!	Imedi makvs, male shevkhvdebit!
It's upsetting to me!	Dzalian mtskens!
This is too much!	Es ukwe metismetia!
Perhaps that's enough!	Drive away Sakmarisia!
Horror!	Sashinelebaa!
Strange!	Utsnauria!
Madam!	Kalbatono!
Friend!	Megabaro!
Mister!	Batono!
Young woman!	Gogona!
Sorry!	Bodyshi!
Sorry!	Mapatiet!
Please excuse me!	Gthowt mapatiot!
I'm sorry for disturbing you!	Bodishs gihdit, rum gatsuhebt!
Sorry, am I disturbing you?	Bodishi, health home ar gishlit?
Sorry I'm busy).	Ukatsravad, me dakavebuli var.
Sorry, I'm in a hurry.	Ukatsravad, swordkareb.
Sorry for keeping you waiting.	Mapatiet, rum galodynet.
Sorry for interrupting you.	Mapatiet, rum saubari shegatskvetinet.
Sorry, but you are wrong!	Mapatiet, magram tkven tsdebit
What would you like?	Ra gnebavt?
Nothing.	Araperi.
I want to buy books.	Minda wikido tsignebi.
I want to learn a foreign language.	Minda utskho ena shevistsavlo.
I really want to rest.	Dzalian Minda Davisveno
I wish I could be home now!	Netavi sahlshi viko!
At least something would work out!	Netavi rame gamovides!
I would really like this	Es ki dzalian mindoda.
I really want to see you!	Dzalian minda tkveni nakhva!
If only I could help you!	Netavi shemedzlos tkveni dakhmareba!
I want to go...	Minda havemgsauro…
I want to explore the city...	Minda kalaki dawatvalier...
I'm going to do a lot of things today	Dges bevri ramis gaketeba minda.
Thank you!	Gmadlobt!
Thank you very much!	Didi madloba!
Thank you in advance!	Tsinastsar gihdit madlobas!
I am very grateful to you!	Tkveni dzalian madlobeli var!
Thanks, don't worry!	Gmadlobt, what a waste!
You are very kind!	Tkven dzalian tavaziani brdzandebit!
Many thanks for the help!	Didi madloba dakhmarebisatvis!
What do you! What a conversation this could be!	Ras ambobt! Es ra salaparacoa!
In no case!	Aravitar shemthvevashi!
It is forbidden!	Ar sheidzleba!
I'm against!	Me cinaagmdegi var!
I disagree (agree) with you!	Me ar getankhmebit!
Don't think.	Ara mgonia.
Not at all.	Sruliadac ara.
Don't want!	Ar minda!
Unfortunately I can not.	Samtsuharod, ar shemidzlia!
Nothing will come of this.	Akedan araperi gamova.
It's not my business.	Yes me ar meheba.
You are wrong!	Tkven is killing it!
I'm very happy)!	Dzalian miharia!
You made me very happy!	Me tkven dzalian gamakharet!
Glad to see you!	Mikharia tkveni nakhva!
I love!	Dzalian momtsons!

Numbers

Zero	Noli
One	Erti
Two	Ori
Three	Sami
Four	Othi
Five	Houthi
Six	Equsi
Seven	Shvidi
Eight	Rva
Nine	Tskhra
Ten	Ati(ates)
Twenty	Otsi
Thirty	Otsdaati
Fourty	Ormotsi
Fifty	Ormotsdaati
One hundred	Asi
Thousand	Atasi
Million	Milioni

Shops and restaurants

How much does it cost?	Ra g'hirs?
What it is?	Es ra aris?
I will buy it	Me amas wikidi
You have…	Gaakvt... ?
Open	G'hiaa
Closed	Dacatilia
A little, a little	Tsota
A lot of	Bevry
All	Khwela
Breakfast	Sauzme
Dinner	Sadili
Dinner	Vakhshami
Bread	Puri
Drink	Sasmeli
Coffee	Khawa
Tea	Teas
Juice	Tsveni
Water	Tskkhali
Wine	G'khvino
Salt	Marilee
Pepper	Pilpili
Meat	Horcy
Fruits	Healy
Ice cream	Nahini

Tourism

How to get

Public areas and attractions

Dates and times

What time is it now?	Romeli saathia?
Day	Dg'he
A week	Queer
Month	TVE
Year	Goals
Monday	Orshabati
Tuesday	Samshabati
Wednesday	Othshabati
Thursday	Khutshabati
Friday	Paraskevi
Saturday	Shabbat
Sunday	Queer
Spring	Gazaphuli
Summer	Zaphuli
Autumn	Shemodgoma
Winter	Zamtari

Greetings and basic phrases, without which the most ordinary conversation cannot take place - the most frequently used remarks, universal questions and answers to them. To find out the name of food products, refer to the list of phrases used in conversation in restaurants and stores. Using the words from the table about city orientation or emergency situations, you can easily ask passers-by how to get to local attractions or where the hospital is located if something unexpected happens. The list of numbers shows their name and correct stress. Numbers are necessary for many situations - to find out which bus to take or how to buy goods on the market.

Our Russian-Georgian phrasebook will brighten up your travels around Georgia and help you communicate better with the local population. Take care of all the nuances of the trip in advance, and then it will be easier for you to speak Georgian, which means it will be easier to relax!

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No matter how society changes over time, the cultural heritage remains - and the more traditional norms remain in daily use, the more exotic the behavior of the bearers of these traditions seems to modern people. To residents of the capital, the Caucasian rules of behavior seem cumbersome and complicated, but we must take into account that they have been formed over centuries as manifestations of their own dignity and were created to prevent conflicts. In Georgia, greetings are structured in such a way as to show respect for the interlocutor and in no case cause accidental offense.

What they say and how they behave when greeting

A mandatory element of greeting in Georgia and throughout the Caucasus region is a handshake. This is both a symbol of your recognition of your interlocutor as a respected and worthy person, and a demonstration of trust, and an expression of your own honor. Not shaking an outstretched hand means causing a grave insult and demonstrating your deep hostility.

The younger one always comes up to greet and offers his hand first, then taking a step back. Traditions require keeping a distance between interlocutors - about a meter in the case of two men, two meters in the case of a man and a woman, and about seventy centimeters for a conversation between women. If the greeting takes place in the room where they were previously sitting, they greet the newcomer while standing, showing him their respect.

When greeting Georgians, they say “Gamarjoba”, which means “I wish you victory!” - this is a greeting of a man by a man passed down from generation to generation, characterizing him as a worthy and glorious warrior. If you are just passing by on the street and see how your friend raised his hand to his head, greeting you, repeat his gesture, but under no circumstances take off your hat. For residents of Georgia, a headdress is a symbol of human dignity, so by removing it, you demonstrate disrespect for yourself. If you see someone you know walking behind you, stop and wait for them to greet you appropriately.

Feminine characteristics of greetings in Georgia

The rules of etiquette differ for communication between men and with women. In Georgia, women never extend their hand or touch him when greeting - the only exception may be greetings between relatives. Kissing on the cheek when meeting is also unacceptable. According to tradition, by not allowing any contact with men, a woman protects her honor and the honor of her family. If a man passes by a woman when meeting, he must leave her on his right hand. If a woman passes by a sitting acquaintance, his task is to rise and greet her, but she should not come too close to him. These conventions are associated primarily with the status of women in society, which, on the one hand, is traditionally lower than that of men, and on the other, the higher the more worthy the woman behaves.

"Greetings"

Phrase in Russian	Translation	Pronunciation
Hello!		gamarjbutt
Hello!		gagimarjott
Hello!		Salami!
Good morning!		Dila mshvidobisa!
Good evening!		Sagamo mshvidobisa!
Good night!		ghame mshvidobisa
Goodbye!		Nahvamdis!
Goodbye!		Mshvidobit!
Bye!		Jer-jerobit!
Don't get lost!		Well, yeskargebi!
Hope to see you soon!		Imedi makvs, male shevkhvdebit!
Glad to see you!		Mikharia tkveni nakhva!
Welcome		mobrzanditt
Bon Voyage		Gza mshvidobisa

"Standard phrases"

Phrase in Russian	Translation	Pronunciation
Yes		Ho (polite - diah)
No		Macaw
Thank you!		Gmadlobt
Please		Arapris
Sorry		Bodishi
Sorry!		Mapatiet!
Please excuse me!		Gthowt mapatiot!
I'm sorry for disturbing you!		Bodishs gihdit, rum gatsuhebt!
Sorry, am I disturbing you?		Bodishi, health home ar gishlit?
Sorry I'm busy)		Ukatsravad, me dakavebuli var
Sorry, I'm in a hurry		Ukatsravad, swordsman
Sorry for keeping you waiting		Mapatiet, rum galodynet
Sorry for interrupting you		Mapatiet, rum saubari shegatskvetinet
Sorry, but you are wrong!		Mapatiet, magram tkven tsdebit
Thank you in advance!		Tsinastsar gihdit madlobas!

Thanks, don't worry!		Gmadlobt, what a waste!
Thank you very much!		Didi madloba!
Thank you in advance!		Tsinastsar gihdit madlobas!
I am very grateful to you!		Tkveni dzalian madlobeli var!
Thanks, don't worry!		Gmadlobt, what a waste!
You are very kind!		Tkven dzalian tavaziani brdzandebit!
Many thanks for the help!		Didi madloba dakhmarebisatvis!
In no case!		Aravitar shemthvevashi!
It is forbidden!		Ar sheidzleba!
I'm against!		Me cinaagmdegi var!
I disagree (agree) with you!		Me ar getankhmebit!
Don't think		Ara mgonia
Don't want!		Ar minda!
Unfortunately I can not.		Samtsuharod, ar shemidzlia!
You are wrong!		Tkven is killing it!
I'm very happy)!		Dzalian miharia!
How are you doing?		Rogor Hart?
OK, thank you		Gmadlobt, kargad
Great!		Chinebulad!
Very good!		Dzalian kargad!
Not all so good!		Arts tu ise kargad!
So-so!		Ara mishavs!
Badly!		Tsudad!
How are yours doing?		Tkvenebi rogor arian?
Thank you, as usual		Gmadlobt, dzveleburad
What is your name?		ra gquiat?
Wife		colors
Husband		kmari
Daughter		Kalishvili
Son		Vazhishvili
Mother		grandfather
Father		Mother
Friend		megobari
Can I ask you?		Sheidzleba gthovot?
I beg you very much!		Dzalian gthowt!
I have to ask you!		Tkwentan thovna makvs!
Please consider my request!		Gthovt chemi tkhovna gaitvaliscinot
How to say this in...		Rogor ikneba es...?
Do you speak...		Laparakobt... ?
English		Inglisurad
French		Prangulad
German		Germanulad
I don't speak Georgian		me ver cartlad
I do not understand		chemtwis ar arin gasagebia
please repeat		mapatiet mikharit maore jer
I need a translator		me mchirdeba tarjimani
what does it mean?		ras nishnavs es?
I		Mae
We		Chwen
You		Sheng
You		Tkven
They		Isini

"Orientation in the city"

Phrase in Russian	Translation	Pronunciation
how to get there?		rogor shemidzlia mikhvide?
where is?		garden aris?
Left		Martskhniv
Right		Marzhvniv
Directly		Pirdapir
Up		Zamot
Down		Quamoth
Far		Shchors
Close		Ahlos
Map		Hand
Mail		Posta
Museum		Muzeumi
Bank		Banks
Police		Police
Hospital		Saavadmkhopo
Pharmacy		Aptiaki
Shop		Mage Khazia
Restaurant		Restaurant
School		Scola
Church		Ecclesia
Toilet		Tauleti
Street		Heaps
Square		Moedani
Bridge		Headey

"Dates and times"

Phrase in Russian	Translation	Pronunciation
What time is it now?		Romeli saati?
morning/in the morning		dila/dilas
day/afternoon		dghe/dghes
evening/evening		saghamo/saghamos
Now		ahla
Today		dghes
Tomorrow		praise
yesterday		Gushin
Day		Dg"he
A week		Queer
Month		TVE
Year		Goals
Monday		Orshabati
Tuesday		Samshabati
Wednesday		Othshabati
Thursday		Khutshabati
Friday		Paraskevi
Saturday		Shabbat
Sunday		Queer
January		ianvari
February		teberwali
March		Marty
April		April
May		maisi
June		tibatwe
July		mkatatwe
August		mariamobistwe
September		enkenistve
October		ghvinobistve
november		noembury
December		decambery
Spring		Gazaphuli
Summer		Zaphuli
Autumn		Shemodgoma
Winter		Zamtari

"Purchases"

Phrase in Russian	Translation	Pronunciation
How much does it cost?		Ra g "hirs?
What it is?		Es ra aris?
I will buy it		Vkhidulob
You have...		Gakvt... ?
Open		G"hiaa
Closed		Dacatilia
A little, a little		Tsota
A lot of		Bevry
All		Khwela
Sugar/salt		tavi / marili
Milk		Matsoni
Fish		Tevzi
Meat		khortsi
Chicken		daedali
Rice		asli
Lentils		smallpox
Onion		bolkvi
Garlic		nyori
Sweets		sashwebs
Fruits		Healy
Apples		Washley
Grape		abechari
Strawberry		Marchvi
Peaches		atami
Apricot		cherami
Very expensive		Akachi

"Numbers and Figures"

Phrase in Russian	Translation	Pronunciation
0	noli	Noli
1	erti	Erti
2	ori	Ori
3	sami	Sami
4	otxi	Othi
5	xuti	Houthi
6	ekvsi	Equsi
7	shvidi	Shvidi
8	rva	Rva
9	cxra	Tskhra
10	ati	Ati
11	tertmeti	Tertmeti
12	tormeti	Tormeti
13	cameti	Tsameti
14	totxmeti	Totkhmeti
15	txutmeti	Thutmeti
16	tekvsmeti	Texvmeti
17	chvidmeti	Chvidmeti
18	tvrameti	Tvrameti
19	cxrameti	Tskhrameti
20	oci	Otsi
21	ocdaerti	Ots-da-erti (literally means twenty and one)
22	ocdaori	Ots-da-ori (twenty and two)
30	ocdaati	Ots-da-ati (twenty and ten (20+10=30))
31	ocdatermeti	Ots-da-tertmeti (twenty and eleven (20+11=31))
32	ocdatormeti	Ots-da-tormeti (twenty and twelve (20+12=32))
40	ormoci	Or-m-otsi (two twenty (2x20=40))
41	ormocdaerti	Or-m-ots-da-erti (two twenty and one (2x20+1=41))
50	ormocdaati	Or-m-ots-da-ati (two twenty and ten (2x20+10=50))
60	samoci	Sam-otsi (three twenty (3x20=60))
70	Samocdaati	Sam-ots-da-ati (three twenty and ten (3x20+10=70))
75	Samocdatxutmeti	Sam-ots-da-thutmeti (three twenty and fifteen (3x20+15=75))
80	otxmoci	Otkh-motsi (four twenty (4x20=80))
90	otxmocdaati	Otkh-mots-da-ati (four twenty and ten (4x20+10=90))
100	asi	Asi
120	as oci	Ac axis (one hundred and twenty)
121	as ocdaerti	As os-da-erti) (one hundred twenty and one (100+20+1=121))
154	as ormocdatotxmeti	As or-m-ots-da-totkhmeti (one hundred two twenty and fourteen (100+2x20+14=154))
200	orasi	Or-asi (two hundred (2x100=200))
291	oras otxmocdatermeti	Or-as otkh-m-ots-da-tertmeti (two hundred four twenty and eleven (2x100+4x20+11=291))
300	samasi	Sam-asi (three hundred)
400	otxasi	Otkh-asi
500	xutasi	Khut-asi
600	ekvsasi	Equs-asi
700	shvidasi	Shvidi-asi
800	rvaasi	Rva-asi
900	cxraasi	Tskhra-asi
1 000	atasi	At-asi (ten hundred (10x100=1000))
1 001	atas erti	At-as erti
2 000	ori atasi	Ori at-asi (two thousand)
3 000	sami atasi	Sami at-asi (three thousand)
1 000 000	milioni	Milioni

THERE ARE A LOT OF INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE GEORGIAN LANGUAGE:
1. The Georgian language changed its alphabet three times. The modern alphabet became widespread in the 9th century and is known as mkhedruli - “military”. It has 33 letters, but there were 38.
2. There are only five vowels in the Georgian alphabet.
3. In the Georgian language there is no division between masculine and feminine gender. One
and the same pronoun can mean “he”, “she”, “it”.
4. There is no capitalization in Georgian writing; even names are written
with a little one.
5. The Georgian alphabet is one of the few in the world, the number of letters in which coincides with
number of sounds.
6. But there are as many as three letters “k”, two letters “c”, two letters “p”, two letters “t”, two
the letters "x". How to distinguish and pronounce them is a different story!
7. When meeting, during greeting, all Georgians kiss each other on the cheek: and
men and women.
8. By the end of surnames you can determine which region of Georgia the person comes from
person: -ava (e.g. Sichinava - Western Georgia), -iani (e.g. Avaliani - Svaneti),
-ia (eg Samushia – Mingrelian), -shvili, -dze (eg Sabashvili, Meladze – Kartaliniya,
those. Central Georgia or Eastern).
9. Lobio (ლობიო) – this is the only way they call “beans” in Georgia.
10. Only in the Georgian language “mom” is “deda” (დედა), and “dad” is “mom” (მამა).
11. Georgian is the language of very polite people, so any appeal to
to a stranger begins with an apology: “sorry” (mapatiet), “sorry”
(ukatsravad or bodishi).
12. In the Georgian language, in response to “thank you” (madlob), “arapers” always sounds, which in
literally translated it means “you’re welcome”!
13. The well-known word “mtsyri” means “junior clergy, novice.”
14. Greetings in Georgian still retain the imprint of warlike
Georgia's past:
Good morning! - Dila mshvidobisa! (lit. Peaceful morning!)
Good evening! – Saghamo mshvidobisa! (lit. Peaceful evening!)
there is a simplified (youth version) - Hello! (Salami).
Hello! - Gamarjoba! (lit. Victory to you!)
Goodbye! - Mshvidobit! (lit. Be in peace!)
Bon Voyage! - Gza mshvidobisa! (lit. Peaceful Road!).
15. In English, the words Georgia and the name of the state of Georgia sound the same
(Georgia).
16. Most of the borrowed words in the Georgian language are taken from Persian,
Arabic, Turkish and Greek languages.

Georgian language (ქართული ენა; kartuli ena) - the most important language in the Caucasian group of languages. The Caucasian group of languages is divided into three language families: South Caucasian or Kartvelian, Northeastern and Northwestern. They are very diverse. Strabo (Greek historian and geographer ) wrote that in I century BC in the region of Dioscuria (Sukhumi) alone, the Romans needed at least 70 translators. In Dagestan alone there are 14 nationalities and 29 languages, so it is not surprising that the name of the Caucasus comes from the Arabic phrase “mountain of languages.”

The Georgian alphabet has 5 vowels and 28 consonants, and is unlike any other alphabet in the world. Georgia had its own written language back in III century BC, but it was supplanted by Greek and Aramaic writing. The modern alphabet began to develop with the advent of the Christian faith in the country and was already in use in 450. The first literary work, “The Martyrdom of the Holy Queen Shushanik,” was written by Y. Tsurtaveli between 476 and 483. IN XII century, Shota Rustaveli wrote a poem in verse, “The Knight in the Skin of a Tiger.” There are no genders in the Georgian language, and there are no capital letters in the Georgian writing system.

The majority of the adult population in large cities of Georgia speak Russian. Young people often understand and speak English well. In mountainous areas, in small villages, the local population speaks only Georgian.

When going on a Georgia tour, you can purchase tourist phrasebooks of the Georgian language and learn basic phrases for communication. I will list some phrases below in a short dictionary.

Brief dictionary

Russian	Georgian
Hello!	Gamarjobat!
Good morning!	Dila mshvidobisa!
Welcome!	Mobrzandit!
What is your name?	Ra kvia?
How are you?	Rogora har?
Goodbye!	Nahvamdis!
Sorry!	Bodyshi! Mapatiet!
Thank you!	Gmadlobt!
Thank you very much!	Didi madloba!
Water	Ttskali
Where is..?	Aris garden..?
Hot	Tskheli
Yes	Diah, ho (colloquial)
House	Sakhli
Expensive	Dzviria
Food	Sachmeli
Closed	Dacatilia
When?	Rodis?
Beautiful	Lamazi
Who, what, which?	Romeli?
Small	Patara
Mother	Deda
Father	Mother
My name is...	Me mkwia..
My pleasure! (response to gratitude)	Apris!
No	Macaw
Very	Dzalian
Please!	Inebet, Tu sheidzlaba!
How many? (quantity)	Ramdani?
What is the price)	Ra ghirs?
Bread	Puri
Money	Bullets
Fine	Kargad
Days of the week and time
Monday	Orshabati
Tuesday	Samshabati
Wednesday	Othshabati
Thursday	Khutshabati
Friday	Paraskevi
Saturday	Shabbat
Sunday	Queer
At noon	Nashuadghes
In the evening	Saghamos
Yesterday	Gushin
Tomorrow	Praise
Day after tomorrow	Zag
Today	Dghes
Minute	Tsuchi
Now	Ahla
What time is it now?	Romeli saathia?
In the morning	Dilas
Geographical dictionary
Bus station	Bussabis Sadguri
Airport	Airport
Upper	Zemo
Interior	Shida
Mountain	MTA
City	Kalaki
Hotel	Sastumro
Lower	Kvemo
Square	Moedani
Train	Matarabeli
Avenue	Gamziri
River	Mdinare
Street	Heap
Gorge	Heavy
Church	Eclasia