The city of Lincoln in England: its history and local attractions. The city of Lincoln in England: its history and local attractions Aegean Fossil Deposits National Park

Lincoln is a city in the UK, in East Anglia. Population 80.5 thousand people (2004).

Founded in the 1st century. BC e. Roman legionnaires on the spot ancient settlement Lindon (Roman soldiers changed this name to Lindum, later to Lindum Colonia, from which the name Lincoln was derived). Around 500 the settlement became part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Lindsay. Around 850, the Vikings (Danes) who invaded Britain turned Lincoln into one of the five main strongholds of their dominion. In 1068, William the Conqueror founded a fortress here, and four years later - a cathedral; These buildings gave rise to the modern city. In 1185 Lincoln was seriously damaged by an earthquake. By the beginning of the 14th century. Thanks to the wool trade, the city reached its peak. But the bubonic plague epidemic that broke out in the middle of the century doomed Lincoln to a long period of decline, and the wool trade migrated to Boston. The decline intensified even more after Civil wars 1642-1648

During the Industrial Revolution at the beginning of the 19th century. The industrial and engineering-construction industries began to actively develop. Economic prosperity was facilitated by railway(1868). In 1915, agricultural engineers from the William Foster and Sons company created the first ever battle tank, which was a combination of an artillery piece and a crawler tractor. In 1996 a new university opened in Lincoln.

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Nebraska- 37th US state. It is part of the northwest central states group. The state has an area of ​​more than 200 thousand km and is home to 1.8 million people. The administrative center of Nebraska is the city of Lincoln, the second largest city in the state with a population of two hundred and a half thousand people. The largest cities in Nebraska, besides the capital: Omaha, Grand Island and Bellevue. The name of the state comes from the language of the indigenous Indian population of these lands. Today, whites make up the majority of Nebraska's population. Native Indians make up just over 1%, African Americans - about 5%. In the east of the state the climate is continental, humid, in the west it is arid. The relief is represented by plains in the west, turning into gentle hills in the eastern part. Three rivers flow through the state big rivers: The Republican is a tributary of the Kansas River, and two tributaries of the Missouri are the Niobrara and Platte rivers. On the banks of the Niobrara River in the northwestern part of the state is National Park“Aegetan fossil deposits”, with an area of ​​12 million km2. In the park you can visit the James Cook Ranch, where fossil remains of ancient animals were discovered. Another National Park, Chimney Rock, is famous for its museum dedicated to the history of migration and land development in the north and west.

The main attractions of the state are located in large cities - the capital Lincoln and the largest city in Nebraska Omaha. Lincoln is home to the University of Nebraska, founded in 1869, where the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery, several museums, concert hall, the state's largest library and sculpture collection. About 30 thousand students study at the university, so they can safely watch films at their leisure, for example comedies like at kinoleto.com/smotret-komediya-online. It will also be interesting to look at the 121 m high Capitol, built in 1922–1932. It is the second tallest in the United States after the Louisiana Capitol. There is even a Museum of the History of Russian Germans in the USA in Lincoln.

The city of Omaha is famous not only for its large number of millionaires, but also for its rich cultural life. Here is one of the largest theatrical communities in the United States, the Omaha Community Playhouse, has its own Opera House, several Drama Theatres, the Dutch Arts Center, as well as a Children's Museum, where children can, while having fun, learn science in special laboratories and the arts in art studios. Another notable museum is El Latino, one of the first museums to introduce Latin American culture. The Henry Doorly Zoo in Omaha is one of the most famous in the country. 17,000 animals live here, for which natural natural conditions. On the territory of the zoo there is also a Botanical Garden, divided into several gardens of different themes, displaying the flora of the Japanese and English gardens or harsh prairies.

They call Nebraska the state of antelopes, the tree-planting state, the black water state, and even the grasshopper-eating state! We advise you not to go by the names; the main reason you should go to Nebraska is the nature and high level of culture of its small towns.

The state capital is Lincoln.

How to get there

You can get to Omaha - a large city in Nebraska - from Moscow only by plane, or rather by two. The most convenient route is with one change in New York. A ticket for one passenger will cost approximately 88,000 RUB. There is another option, basically identical in price: first fly to Europe - Stockholm or Warsaw, and from there to New York and Omaha. Prices on the page are as of June 2016.

Weather in Nebraska

Nebraska has a continental climate with hot summers and cold winters, wetter in the east and drier in the west of the state. In Omaha average temperature January ranges from −10 °C to +1 °C, July - from +19 °C to +31 °C. Nebraska is located in Tornado Alley and is prone to severe thunderstorms and tornadoes in the spring and summer.

Popular hotels in Nebraska

Nebraska Attractions, Activities and Excursions

The main cultural attractions of Nebraska are, naturally, in the cities of Omaha and Lincoln. But the nature of the state also deserves special attention, because Nebraska is home to several national natural parks: Chimney Rock, Niobrara River Valley, Homestead and Egetae Fossil Deposits.

Aegetan Fossils National Park

This park is located in the northwest of the state, on the banks of the Niobrara River. With the surrounding prairie areas, it occupies 3 thousand acres, in other words, 12 million square meters! Among the interesting things: here you can visit the ranch of Captain James Cook, where the remains of fossil mammals of the Miocene era were found. See an interesting collection of artifacts collected by them reflecting the life of the American Indians.

Chimney Rock

On the plains of Nebraska there are outliers, these are rock formations that survived the destruction of rock masses. In the 19th century, they served as landmarks for settlers traveling west along the Oregon Trail. Now these stone pillars are part of Nebraska history. And one of them - Chimney Rock, or Chimney, which means chimney rock, has the status of National historical monument USA. The height of the rock above the surrounding valley is more than 90 meters, and above sea level - 1288 meters. Previously, this unusual “stone spire” was even higher, but winds and frequent lightning strikes are gradually destroying it.

Scotts Bluff

Scotts Bluff National Monument is also well known and popular with tourists. It consists of five rocks towering above the prairie. Their height is more than 330 meters!

Omaha

Omaha is famous, first of all, for the fact that a large number of millionaires live here. And only then its high cultural level: the largest theatrical community in the United States, the Omaha Community Playhouse, is located here, a symphony orchestra, an Opera, several drama theaters and the Dutch Arts Center are also based here. The Bemis Center for Contemporary Arts is worth a visit. children's museum and the Durham Museum.

Must visit huge Botanical Garden, which is spread over an area of ​​more than 400 thousand square meters. And the steam locomotive museum, it is located on railway station. There is also an interesting bridge in Omaha, crossing which you will find yourself in the state of Iowa!

Lincoln

The state capital, named after President Abraham Lincoln, boasts both typical urban landscapes and rural views. All the advantages of a large city are collected here, but there are no urban problems - dirty air, traffic jams, crime. Well, almost not. There are many parks and squares in Lincoln where you can relax and listen to the city orchestra or music school students for free.

Photography enthusiasts will certainly be interested in the Capitol, built in 1922–1932; its height is 121 meters. It is the second highest of the Capitols in the United States, after Louisiana (137 m).

Lincoln sights

1. Lincoln Cathedral(Lincoln Cathedral)

A masterpiece of Anglo-Norman architecture and a major landmark of Lincoln, it is one of the most visited cathedrals in England. The construction of the cathedral began back in 1088, eThe three-storey interior is impressive with the length and size of the two transepts, as well as the contrasting colors of honey-colored limestone and dark marble. During the excursion it is also worth paying attentionon round window, known as the "Eye of the Deacon"with its medieval stained glass and the "Bishop's Eye"with pieces of glass from different periods.Wrought iron gates lead to St Hugh's Choir, one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in England.

Another unique attraction of the cathedral is the Imp of Lincoln, according toAccording to legend, the imp (in European folklore, these are small and evil creatures) annoyed the angels in the choir so much that he turned into stone. Cathedral west front with two towers, is a mixture of Romanesque and Gothic styles with its central frieze-like sculpture depicting scenes from the Old Testament, including Noah's Ark.

Official site: lincolncathedral.com/

2. Lincoln Castle

Castle Hill is the entrance to the mighty Lincoln Castle, built by William the Conqueror in 1068. In the south-west of the site is a 12th-century fortress known as Lucy's Tower, and in the north-east corner is Cobb Hall, a 1st-century horseshoe bastion. But the real attraction is the original copy of the Magna Carta on permanent display in the museum. Dating from 1215, it is one of only four surviving examples. The nearby fully restored Victorian Gaol is also worth a visit.

Official site: www.lincolncastle.com

3. Tattershall Castle

Tattershall Castle was built in medieval times for Ralph Cromwell, Lord High Treasurer of England. His six-storey manor house is a fine example of a fortified brick castle from those early and turbulent times, Tattershall was built in 1440. Be prepared to climb some steep stairs, but the effort will be worth it, with superb views of the Lincolnshire countryside from the top. A separate excursion is the church built by Ralph Cromwell, as well as ancient medieval bridges and houses in the vicinity of Tattershall.

Official site:nationaltrust.org.uk/tattershall-castle

4. Upper Town

It is in the area Upper Town you'll find Lincoln's most interesting medieval houses.At the foot of the Steep Hill is the House of the Jews, a Norman stone building built around 1170 which now houses quite a good restaurant, the adjacent Jewish courtyard and the remains of a former synagogue from the late 12th century. Old trading houses Lincoln also deserves its own tour, especially the 16th-century Harding House, the half-timbered Harlequin, a 16th-century former inn, and Aaron's House, a Norman secular building dating from 1150.

5. Museum of Lincolnshire Life

The Museum of Lincolnshire Life contains numerous exhibits relating to the rich and varied social history and culture of the region from 1750 to the present.Exhibits illustrate commercial, industrial, agricultural and communal life. The star of the museum's collection is the oldest tank in World War I.Also fascinating is the authentic Victorian kitchen, which is used for cooking demonstrations, and the hand-held printing press. The museum occupies former barracks, built in 1857 for the Royal North Lincoln Militia.

Official site:lincolnshire.gov.uk/visiting/museums/museum-of-lincolnshire-life

6. Bailgate

North of Lincoln Castle is Bailgate, the center of the ancient Roman city.The circles indicate the positions of the Roman columns, and in the basement No. 29 in the Roman house,there are remains of an old Roman basilica.Newport Arch is located at the northern end of Bailgate., one of two 1st century Roman city gates in the city, it is considered the most authentic in England.A small part of Lincoln's Roman city walls can also be seen in the East Bay.

Welcome to the United States of America!

Full title: Lincoln
State:
Year of foundation: 1856
Population (with surrounding area): 300 thousand people
Square: 195 sq. km.

The city of Lincoln is located in the north central United States and serves administrative center Lancaster County and the capital. It is inhabited by more than two hundred twenty-five thousand people. Lincoln has the second largest population in the state.

Photos of the city of Lincoln

In one thousand eight hundred fifty-six on the spot modern city a settlement called Lancaster arose, which became the capital of the district of the same name three years later. After Nebraska joined the United States on March 1, 1867, the city was renamed Lincoln and became the capital of the state.

The University of Nebraska is located on the territory of Lincoln, which became the founder of several large museums, including the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery, a large collection of sculpture, a Natural History Museum and a concert hall. The largest library in Nebraska is the library of this university. The University of Nebraska was founded in one thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine. Nowadays, about thirty thousand students study there.

The city is surrounded on all sides by agricultural land. In principle, Lincoln boasts both typically urban landscapes and rural views. On the one hand, these places contain all the advantages of a large city. On the other hand, in Lincoln there are practically no such problems. major cities, like air pollution, traffic jams or crime.

The city fully retains the charm and friendliness inherent in this province since ancient times. There are many parks, squares and other places where citizens can relax a little. The United States' only unicameral legislature meets in the Capitol Building, which serves as one of America's four skyscraper capitols.

The city received its name in honor. A large number of settlers began to move here after the federal and state governments began distributing free plots of land in the area and the construction of the Union Pacific and Burlington railroads. The city's population grew markedly due to government land policies and an influx of immigrants who moved west along the Mormon and Oregon roads. Lincoln gradually developed into an important political, cultural and educational center.

Currently, Lincoln in England is a city with city status and the administrative center in the county of Lincolnshire. Its history has seen both major upswings in the development of the city and extremely decadent times. The city of Lincoln is not popular tourist destination, however, there are objects worth seeing here too.

City `s history

The city was founded on the site of a former Roman fortification called Lindum Colonia, and before that, Celtic settlements were located on these lands. The English who settled here changed the name to Lincylene, which is similar to the current name of the city.

In the 10th century, Lincoln was a center of trade and quite big city, although the Viking raids certainly did not contribute to its development. In those days, Lincoln even issued its own coin.

In 1068, a castle was built in Lincoln by order of William the Conqueror. This castle is still considered one of the main historical attractions of the city. In 1092, the construction of the local cathedral was completed, but it was badly damaged, first by fires and then by an earthquake, which is generally very difficult for England. a rare event. Lincoln Cathedral was rebuilt in the Middle Ages, crowning its chapel with the tallest spire in the world at that time (160 m).

Lincoln in the Middle Ages was recognized as one of the richest English cities. The local episcopate was the largest, which determined the huge number of monasteries in Lincolnshire. There were more of them here than outside the county. The economic situation was determined by the textile industry - woolen fabrics were produced and traded here.

Lincoln's economy declined in the 16th century following the closure of numerous cathedrals. A symbol of complete decline was the picture of the cathedral’s rotten and fallen spire, which they decided not to restore.

Lincoln was able to flourish again during the Industrial Revolution, as enterprises for the production of heavy equipment, railway locomotives, and diesel engines were organized in the city. Military equipment was also manufactured in Lincoln: airplanes, tanks, ammunition, etc.

Main attractions

Lincoln is very picturesque city, located on the rise of the banks of Witham. Beautiful geographical position noticed by those who decided to found a settlement here, and then a city. Cars in modern Lincoln drive into an arch that has been preserved since Roman times. During archaeological excavations Ancient cemeteries, ovens, baths and a fountain were found here.

One of the most famous local attractions is Lincoln Castle. By the way, it still houses one of the surviving copies of the Magna Carta. The castle has preserved walls surrounded by a moat, towers, and gates. The observatory tower offers magnificent views of the surrounding area. Also of interest to travelers is the prison museum.

Another significant object and architectural landmark was the Lincoln Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, which is recognized as the purest embodiment of English Gothic.

Next to it, a building has been preserved - the chapter house, which was built in the 13th century at the same time as the temple. This is the most old example similar buildings throughout the UK.

The cathedral library is famous for its huge collection of medieval manuscripts. The construction of the library was carried out by Christopher Wren, who donated more than 5 thousand of his own books to its benefit. Lincoln Cathedral is one of the three largest churches in England.