Stockholm is the capital of which country. Stockholm is the capital of Sweden

Wild deer wandering in the deep green forests and 24-hour daylight of the midnight sun. In this amazing state, literally every corner deserves special attention and separate consideration, although, according to tradition, most tourists prefer to begin their acquaintance with Sweden from its capital, Stockholm. We invite you to go on this exciting adventure through one of the most beautiful cities in the world.

Where is Stockholm?

Despite the fact that Sweden is twice the size of Great Britain, many foreigners sometimes do not even know where this Scandinavian state is located, so you can often hear the question: “Stockholm is the capital of which country?” And although today it is the largest economic and cultural center, many centuries ago there was a small fishing village on this site, and Stockholm received official city status only in 1252, then becoming the capital of the Kingdom of Sweden in 1634.

As for the location, looking at the map of Europe, it can be noted that Stockholm, with an area of ​​188 square meters. km is located on the southeastern coast of Sweden, at the mouth, as if connecting it with the Baltic Sea. In total, the capital unites 14 small islands. The city itself currently has a population of about 1.5 million people, and the population of the Stockholm suburb is more than 2.5 million inhabitants.

Sights and entertainment in Stockholm

Photos and descriptions of all the sights of Stockholm can probably be found in any city guide, but what to do if you have very little time to get to know the city, but want to see as much as possible? Let's look at the most important and interesting places in the capital, which you can see in Stockholm in just 1 day:

Of course, it is impossible to visit everything, including the churches of Stockholm, on time - it’s not for nothing that this amazing city is considered the cultural center of Sweden, and indeed the whole of Northern Europe.

Where to go with children?

The capital hospitably welcomes not only adult tourists, but also children who are just beginning their journey in the world of travel. Let's look at the most interesting places for children in Stockholm:

• – an open-air ethno-museum located on Djurgården, one of Stockholm;
• National Museum of Science and Technology– it will especially appeal to boys who dream of becoming astronauts, because here in a specially equipped room you can feel like a real astronaut;
• – the oldest amusement park in the Kingdom, with more than 30 different attractions;
• Junibacken– Stockholm has the best entertainment center for children.

Stockholm hotels

Stockholm, as the capital of Sweden and one of the most beautiful cities in Europe, undoubtedly attracts millions of travelers from all over the world every year. And although the city’s tourist infrastructure is well developed, and there are plenty of places to stay, experienced tourists still advise booking rooms in advance so as not to overshadow the trip with unpleasant hassles. So, let's look at Stockholm:

Where to eat in Stockholm?

The Swedish capital can easily be called a culinary paradise, because... here, literally at every step, you can find a cozy place where you can have a light snack or a hearty lunch, depending on your personal wishes. According to reviews from tourists, the best cafes and restaurants in Stockholm are:

1. Gro is a relatively young restaurant that opened just over a year ago, but has already gained great popularity among Swedes and guests of Stockholm. This establishment serves exclusively local dishes prepared according to ancient recipes. Travelers visiting Gro are advised to try the cauliflower and bacon dishes.
2. Oaxen Slip- one of the 50 best restaurants in the world, which is located in the very center of Stockholm, right on the waterfront. The cozy atmosphere and unusual interior attract hundreds of visitors here every day, and the signature dish of the establishment, which is definitely worth trying, is considered to be pork chops with anchovies.
3. Fem Små Hus- an old cafe founded in the distant 17th century. If you dream of trying the real thing, feel free to go here. Incredibly delicious dinners and quite affordable prices are the highlight of this establishment.

What to bring from Stockholm?

Sweden is famous not only for its amusement parks, but also for a large number of all kinds of boutiques and shopping centers where you can make very good purchases. And, of course, in choice and quality, no other city can compare with the capital. So, :

Transport in Stockholm

The transport network of Sweden's largest city is undoubtedly one of the most developed in Europe. Let's talk about the most popular types of public in a little more detail:

How to get to Stockholm?

There are several ways to get to the Swedish capital from the CIS countries:

Stockholm (Sweden) - the most detailed information about the city with photos. The main attractions of Stockholm with descriptions, guides and maps.

City of Stockholm (Sweden)

Stockholm is the capital of Sweden, its largest city and cultural center. Located in the southern part of the country on the islands between Lake Mälaren and the Baltic Sea. Stockholm is one of the most beautiful cities in Scandinavia, which is famous for its charming old center (Gamla Stan) with medieval houses, modern innovative architecture, many great museums and green parks. It is one of the most livable cities in Europe with a wonderful cosmopolitan atmosphere.

Stockholm is often called the "Venice of the North" and this is not surprising. The inner city is located on 14 islands connected by many bridges. Stockholm was not affected by world wars and strong military conflicts, so the historical center has been preserved in excellent condition. The architecture of the old town is quite varied and contains buildings of all ages, dating back to the 13th century. Interestingly, 30% of Stockholm's territory is occupied by waterways, another 30% by parks and other green pleasures.

Geography and climate

Stockholm is located in southeastern Sweden on the channels connecting the Baltic Sea and Lake Mälaren. The climate is temperate maritime, significantly influenced by the warm Gulf Stream. Summers in Stockholm are cool with average temperatures around 20°C. Winter is characterized by slight frosts and frequent thaws.

Districts of Stockholm

The inner city is divided into:

• Norrmalm is the northern district of central Stockholm, which includes the main business district with shopping centres, museums, hotels and restaurants.
• Östermalm is an eastern district of Stockholm that is known for its expensive housing, luxury shopping and vibrant nightlife.
• Gamla Stan is the oldest part of Stockholm, located on the island of Stadsholmen. It is a picturesque collection of ancient buildings and narrow cobbled streets.
• Södermalm is a rugged island with buildings of all ages and many shops, bars, restaurants.
• Kungsholmen is an island in the western part of the inner city.

Practical information

1. The population is more than 900 thousand people.
2. Area - 188 km².
3. The currency is Swedish krona.
4. Language - Swedish.
5. Time - UTC +1, in summer +2.
6. Stockholm ranks fourth among European cities in terms of air quality, behind only Zurich, Copenhagen and Vienna.
7. The tourist information center is located at Kulturhuset, Sergels Torg 5.
8. The large international airport Arlanda is located 40 km north of Stockholm. From there you can get to the city by bus and train. Stockholm is served by another airport - Bromma. It is located 8 km west of the city center and is used for domestic flights incl. Oslo, Copenhagen, Tallinn, Brussels.
9. Stockholm is an important port on the Baltic Sea. It has regular ferry connections to many major cities on the Baltic coast.
10. Public transport in Stockholm includes the metro, commuter trains, buses, light rail and ferries. They all use a single ticket, which can be purchased in advance at SL centers, Pressbyrån kiosks or tourist information offices.
11. The Stockholm metro has exactly 100 stations and is designated by a blue "T" on a round white sign.
12. Popular shopping areas: Drottninggatan, T-Hötorget (market), Norrmalmstorg, Östermalm (brand stores), Östermalmstorg (best food market in Stockholm).
13. Stockholm is a safe city. It is enough to adhere to basic safety rules and carefully monitor your belongings.
14. Tap water in Stockholm is of very high quality, so there is no reason to buy bottled water.

Observation platforms

• The hills of northern Södermalm - a steep view of the Swedish capital (get off at Zinkensdamm metro station, walk along Ringvägen street to the old bridge and follow it to the old quarry).
• Hammarbybacken is an artificial ski slope.
• Högdalstoppen is an artificial hill in the Southern Suburbs.
• Kaknästornet is a restaurant on the top floor of the observatory.
• Observation point at the top of the Ericsson Globe arena.

Story

In the 12th century, a small fishing village was located on the site of the future capital of Sweden. In 1187, the first fortifications and buildings of a new city began to be erected on the island of Stadsholmen. It is believed that Stockholm was founded by Earl Birger in 1252. Thanks to its favorable strategic location, the city quickly acquired important commercial importance.

At the end of the 15th century in Stockholm, Sten Sture rebelled against the rule of the Danes. In 1520, all the instigators of the uprising were executed. By the 17th century, Stockholm had become one of the most important and largest cities in Sweden. In 1634 it became the capital of the Kingdom of Sweden.

After the defeat in the Northern War, the importance of Stockholm fell. A new round of growth and development of the capital of Sweden occurred at the end of the 19th century, when the development of industry turned it into a major center of trade. Now Stockholm is one of the most important cities in Scandinavia, a center of science and culture.

Attractions

Gamla Stan is an old town that is one of the largest and best preserved medieval town centers in Europe and one of Stockholm's main attractions. It is the oldest place in the city, founded in 1252. Gamla Stan is a labyrinth of atmospheric cobbled streets and ancient North German architecture.

In the center of Gamla Stan is Stortorget Square, which is the oldest square in Stockholm and is surrounded by beautiful old merchant houses. From here begins Köpmangatan Street - the oldest street in the Swedish capital, mentioned back in the 14th century. But Stortorget also remembers the tragic events. In 1520, the leaders of the uprising against the Danes, who are considered heroes of the Swedish people, were executed here.

The Royal Palace is one of the main attractions of Gamla Stan and one of the largest palaces in Europe. It is the official residence of the Swedish royal family (although used only for ceremonies) and contains more than 600 rooms. The palace was built in the 18th century in the Italian Baroque style on the site of a castle that burned down in 1697.

Church of St. Nicholas is considered the oldest religious building in Gamla Stan and is informally called Stockholm Cathedral. The church was founded in the 13th century and is an important example of Scandinavian brick Gothic. The residence of the Lutheran Bishop of Stockholm is also located here. The church is located near the royal palace, so throughout history important state events took place here: coronations, royal weddings and funerals.

The German Church (or St. Gertrude's Church) is located in Gamla Stan in an area that was home to a large German community in the Middle Ages. The current building was built in the 17th century in Gothic Revival and Baroque style on the site of a small medieval chapel. The tall 96-meter tower with a beautiful spire was completed in 1878.

Riddarholmen Church is one of the oldest buildings in Stockholm, located on the island of the same name near the royal palace. This beautiful Gothic church was founded in the 13th century and has been the burial place of Swedish kings for almost four centuries.

Church of St. Oskara is one of the largest religious buildings in Stockholm, located in the south-eastern part of Östermalm. The church was built at the beginning of the 20th century in the late Gothic style.

Church of St. St. John's is a large brick church in the late Gothic style, built in the late 19th century. Located in Norrmalm district.

Drottningholm is the summer residence of the Swedish royal family, a magnificent 17th century palace with a park, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Built in the image of Versailles.

The City Hall is one of Stockholm's most famous buildings, completed in 1923. About 8 million bricks were used to build the town hall. The building is famous for the Blue Hall, which houses Scandinavia's largest organ, and the Golden Hall, with 18 million mosaic tiles depicting Swedish history. The Nobel Prize is also awarded here.

Skansen is the world's oldest open-air museum, presenting historical Sweden in miniature. These are more than 150 buildings - houses, churches, schools, shops and workshops, which “tell” about life and life in the country in the Middle Ages.

The Vasa Museum is one of the most famous museums in Stockholm, where the main exhibit is a real 17th century warship. Vasa was one of the most powerful ships of the time and the pride of the Swedish fleet. It sank on its maiden voyage 30 minutes after its ceremonial departure. The ship lay at the bottom for 300 years and was raised in the mid-20th century.

Östermalm is the most exclusive area of ​​the city with luxury shops, chic restaurants and antique shops.

Etymology

The name is Stockholm, where the Swedish. stock- “pillar, pile”, Swedish. holme- “island”, is interpreted as “an island fortified with piles.” According to another etymology, the name is from Swedish. stack- “bay”, that is, “an island in the bay”.

Story

Main article: History of Stockholm

Due to its favorable geographical location, Stockholm quickly gained influence as a trading city, trading with Lübeck and the Hanseatic cities. Already this year, Stockholm is mentioned in historical documents as the largest settlement in Sweden. However, the rapid development of trade with Gdansk (Danzig) and Lubeck, as well as the entry into the Hanseatic organization led to the dominance of German merchants, and the creation of the Kalmar Union led to an influx of Danes. In the XIV-XV centuries. Germans made up a quarter of the population of Stockholm and half of the magistrate. Only after 1471 did the Swedes manage to regain their key positions in the management of the city.

The city played an important role both during Sweden's stay under the Danish crown during the Union of Kalmar, and during the struggle for independence in the 15th century. It was here that at the end of the 15th century, the national hero of Sweden, Sten Sture, raised a major anti-Danish uprising, calling for Sweden's independence from Denmark. On October 15, Sweden, under the leadership of Sture and with the support of the residents of Stockholm, defeated the Danish king Christian I. But the Danish king Christian II, grandson of Christian I, was still able to capture the rebellious city in 1518, and then again in 1520. On November 8, 1520, the King of Denmark ordered the execution of all the instigators of the Swedish uprising, as well as the influential nobles who sponsored the rebellion. About 100 nobles were executed on the main square of the city at that time. These events became a national tragedy in Sweden and were called the Stockholm Bloodbath. The Swedes were outraged by such cruel treatment of the Danes and demanded to immediately break the enslaving union. The new uprising was led by Gustav Vasa, who soon became the first king of independent Sweden. The population of Stockholm had by then begun to grow and exceeded 10,000 people by 1600. And already in 1529 Södermalm and Norrmalm were included in the city.

At the beginning of the 17th century, a Russian merchant colony arose in Stockholm; The Russians called the city Stekolnya or Stekolny. This happened after Sweden’s victory in another war with Russia, when in 1617, according to a peace treaty, Russia lost Eastern Karelia and Ingria and lost access to the Baltic Sea. Russian merchants were allowed to have trading yards in the capital and other coastal cities, build houses and churches.

View of the Old Town from an album of engravings Sweden ancient and modern(XVII century).

Over the past decade, a huge number of vacancies have been created in companies that develop and implement the latest technologies. World famous companies IBM, Ericsson and Electrolux are based here. In the north of Stockholm, in the Chista district, there is a reputable IT center.

Second tallest building in Stockholm

Stockholm is a major financial center. The headquarters of the largest banks in Scandinavia are located here - Swedbank, Handelsbanken, and Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken. The insurance companies Skandia and Trygg-Hansa are also located here. Stockholm is home to the famous Stockholm Stock Exchange ( Stockholmsborsen). Overall, more than 45% of all Swedish companies have their headquarters in Stockholm. The equally large company H&M is also based in Stockholm.

Over the past 15 years, tourism has come to play a key role in the city's economy. In 1991-2004, the number of tourists wishing to visit the city increased greatly. The number of hotels and entertainment venues for city guests is growing. About 7.5 million tourists visit the city every year.

Number of employees in the largest companies in Stockholm:

Transport

Higher education

Main article: Education in Stockholm

Royal Institute of Technology main campus

Scientific centers and large educational institutions were founded in Stockholm in the 18th century. Both research by various scientists and training in various specialties, such as astronomy and medicine, were carried out here. The Stockholm Observatory was founded. Medical education was concentrated in. ( Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, or KTH) was founded in 1827 and is the largest technological institute in Scandinavia to this day. Up to 13,000 students study here. Stockholm University was founded in 1878, although it received the status of a full-fledged university only in 1960. In 2004, 35,000 students studied at the university. Historical institutes were created - the most famous of them is the Swedish Museum of Natural History - and a botanical garden Bergianska trädgården. The Stockholm School of Economics was created in 1909 - it is one of the few private universities in the country.

Stockholm has institutes for fine arts, music and many other educational institutions. The Royal High School of Music in Stockholm was founded in 1771 and is one of the oldest high schools of music in the world, and the Royal University of Fine Arts dates back to 1735. Historically it was associated with the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts. The Swedish Academy of Mimicry and Gesture became an extension of the Royal Dramatic Theatre. The famous Swede Greta Garbo worked there. Other schools were also created - the Konstfack School of Design (appeared in the same year), the Stockholm University Opera College (founded in 1968, although it had ancient roots), the University College of Dance and Stockholms Musikpedagogiska Institute(University College of Music Education).

Södertörn College only emerged in 1995 as a multidisciplinary institution in southern Stockholm. It became an alternative to educational institutions located in the north of the region.

• Military Academy Karlberg, the world's oldest military academy, which is located on the original site. It was founded in 1792 and is based in Karlberg Palace;
• Ersta Sköndal University College;
• Stockholm School of Theology ( Teologiska Hogskolan, Stockholm);
• Swedish School of Sports and Health - ( Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, or GIH);
• Stockholm Institute of Education ( Lärarhögskolan i Stockholm).

Climate

Stockholm's climate is temperate maritime with mild winters and cool summers. In the entire history of meteorological observations, neither severe frosts nor scorching heat have been recorded. Winters in Stockholm are much warmer and milder than in Moscow, Kazan, Ufa, Minsk, Kharkov and other cities of Eastern Europe located at lower latitudes, this is explained by the strong influence of the Gulf Stream. Summer in the city is cool, the temperature very rarely exceeds 25 °C.

Climate of Stockholm
Index	Jan.	Feb.	March	Apr.	May	June	July	Aug.	Sep.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec.	Year
Absolute maximum, °C	11,5	12,7	18,3	27,0	28,6	32,0	34,2	35,1	27,9	20,9	13,4	12,4	35,1
Average maximum, °C	0,3	0,6	4,1	10,3	16,3	20,0	22,9	21,4	16,2	10,2	4,7	1,4	10,7
Average temperature, °C	−2,3	−2,5	0,2	4,9	10,3	14,4	17,4	16,5	12,0	7,2	2,5	−0,9	6,6
Average minimum, °C	−5,1	−5,5	−2,8	0,7	5,6	10,0	13,2	12,4	8,1	4,1	0,0	−3,7	3,1
Absolute minimum, °C	−29,1	−28	−23,5	−10,5	−4,6	0,3	3,4	2,6	−3,9	−10	−18,3	−24,6	−29,1
Precipitation rate, mm	39	27	26	30	30	45	72	66	55	50	53	46	539
Water temperature, °C	3	2	2	2	5	10	15	16	13	9	6	4	7
Source: Weather and Climate, World Climate Guide

Population

The Stockholm region is home to almost 20% of Swedish citizens, and generates up to 25% of Sweden's GDP.

Map of Stockholm from 1910, showing the intricate network of islands

Geographical name Stockholm changed over time. At the beginning of the 19th century, Stockholm officially consisted of those areas that are today called the city center, which is approximately 35 km² or 1/5 of the current area of ​​the city. In subsequent decades, other regions were considered Stockholm, for example Brännkyrka, which then had 25,000 inhabitants, was annexed in 1949, and Spånga in 1949. The first clear boundaries of the city appeared in 1971 - with the annexation of the Hansta district. In 1982, another satellite joined the city - Sollentuna and since then the city's boundaries have not officially changed.

Population of Stockholm from 1750 to the present day

Year	Stockholm	Sweden	% of Stockholm in the country's population
1750	60 018	1 780 678	3,4
1800	75 517	2 347,303	3,2
1850	93 070	3 482 541	2,7
1900	300 624	5 136 441	5,9
1910	342 323	5 522 403	6,2
1920	419 440	5 904 489	7,1
1930	502 213	6 142 191	8,2
1940	590 503	6 371 432	9,3
1950	744 143	7 041 829	10,6
1960	808 294	7 500 161	10,8
1970	740 486	8 091 782	9,2
1980	647 214	8 317 937	7,8
1985	659 030	8 358 139	7,9
1990	674 452	8 590 630	7,9
1995	711 119	8 837 496	8,0
2000	750 348	8 882 792	8,4
2005	771 038	9 047 752	8,5
2007	788 269	9 127 058	8,6

By 2000, the Stockholm zone was divided into 11 municipalities (Stockholm - 750,000 inhabitants; Huddinge - 94,209; Järfälla - 60,254; Solna - 56,605; Sollentuna - 53,715; Botkyrka - 48,268; Haninge - 40,151; ö 36 483; - 33,868; Nacka - 25,170; Danderyd - 24,600) and totaled about 1,200,000 inhabitants. The entire Stockholm metropolitan area consists of 26 municipalities with a population of 1,900,000 people.

Culture

Main article: Stockholm culture

Being a large city, Stockholm, as the capital of Sweden, has become home to a huge number of cultural figures. Cultural institutions, including world-class ones, were also founded here. In 1998 Stockholm was elected European Capital of Culture.

Literature

The famous poet and composer Karl Mikael Bellman (1740-1795), playwright and artist August Strindberg (1849-1912), short story writer Hjalmar Söderberg (1869-1941), and children's writer Astrid Lindgren (1907-2002) lived and worked in Stockholm. Their original works are still kept in Stockholm. Significant contributions to Swedish culture were made by the Stockholmer and Nobel Prize winner in literature Eivind Jonsson (1900-1976), as well as the popular poet and composer Evert Taube (1890-1976). Novelist Per Anders Vogelström (1917-1998) wrote a series of historical stories about life in Stockholm in the 19th and mid-20th centuries.

Architecture

Old town in Stockholm (Gamla stan)

View of Strandvägen from the island of Djurgården.

Stockholm, Knight's Island and Riddarholmskyrkan Church

German Church or Church of St. Gertrude. First mention approx. 1580.

The oldest district of the city is called Gamlastan (Old Town) and is located on a small island in the very center of the city. Here you can find the places where the construction of Stockholm began in medieval Sweden. There are quite famous buildings here, such as the German Church, as well as various mansions and palaces: the House of Elders, the Bunde Mansion, the Tessin Mansion and the Oxenstierna Palace. The oldest building in the city is Riddarholm Church, built in the 13th century. A fire in 1697 destroyed the city's main medieval castle, Tre Krunur, and the Stockholm Royal Palace was rebuilt in the Baroque style. Stockholm Cathedral was the center of the Stockholm diocese along with the former castle. Despite the fact that the cathedral was founded in the 13th century, five centuries later it was radically rebuilt and is not considered an ancient building. It is also decorated in Baroque style.

Active expansion of the city began in the 15th century. Then Stockholm went beyond the boundaries of the current old city. Nowadays, only a few buildings from the pre-industrial era can be found in Södermalm. During the industrialization of the country, Stockholm grew quite quickly, and the architectural plans for the development of the city were borrowed from large European cities - Berlin and Vienna. At this time, many buildings appeared in the city that can still be seen to this day. The Royal Swedish Opera was founded, and buildings for rich people in Strandvägen were also developed.

The beginning of the 20th century was marked by a surge of patriotic sentiments, including in architecture. In search of national identity, architects reproduced elements of Swedish buildings from both the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The most notable new building in the city center was Stockholm City Hall, erected in 1911-1923 according to the design of Ragnar Östberg (Swedish). Ragnar Östberg). Stockholm City Hall still houses the city government, but it is also a tourist attraction with daily excursions. A banquet in honor of the Nobel Prize is being held at the town hall. The awards ceremony takes place at the Concert House (

It is one of the most beautiful cities on the Scandinavian Peninsula, famous for its thoughtful, picturesque architecture and rich culture. Stockholm is often called the “capital of Scandinavia”, and for good reason, because this city has a very high standard of living, many cultural and entertainment venues and, of course, there is something for tourists to see. Stockholm is located in the central region of Sweden, on one side the city is washed by the Baltic Sea, on the other there is Lake Mälaren. The city's population reaches two million people.

The name of Stockholm is translated from Swedish as “island on stilts”; according to another version of the translation, it means “island in the bay”. The history of the city began in 1187, when construction of a fortified town began on the site of a fishing village, which, due to thriving trade, subsequently grew into the largest city located on 14 islets.

Although Sweden, like other European states, is governed by parliament, the official form of government in the country is a constitutional monarchy. The main residence of the King of Sweden, Stockholm Royal Palace, is located in Stockholm.

How to get to Stockholm

By plane

Near Stockholm, at a distance of about forty kilometers from the city center, the country's largest international airport is located - Stockholm-Arlanda. This airport is served by more than 80 international airlines, which makes it possible to buy a ticket to Stockholm at almost any major airport in the world, and most tourists who fly to see the Swedish capital land at this airport. From Stockholm-Arlanda Airport you can get to the center of Stockholm very quickly using the Arlanda Express. It is also possible to get there by bus or order a taxi.

Tickets to Stockholm

However, Stockholm-Arlanda Airport is by no means the only airport near Stockholm. Ten kilometers from the city is Stockholm-Bromma Airport, and a little further (at a distance of about 100 km) is Stockholm-Skavsta Airport, whose services are used by several low-cost airlines.

By train

Rail transport in Sweden is handled by the state-owned company SJ; on its trains you can easily reach the capital of Sweden from any nearby city in Europe, for example from Berlin. From Stockholm Central Station you can go to the central bus station Cityterminalen, which is very close by, or to the T-Centralen metro station.

By bus

One of the largest bus companies in Sweden, called Swebus Express, operates flights to Stockholm from European countries such as Germany, Denmark and Norway. The same company serves many routes within the country.

Stockholm transport

The Stockholm metro is not only considered the most convenient way to travel around the city, but also contains a pleasant surprise for tourists. Some metro stations in Stockholm are so beautiful that visiting them is included in most tourist excursion routes. You can also get around in Stockholm by buses and trams. To purchase bus and tram tickets in the city there are special ticket machines, kiosks of the Press Bureau network, as well as SL centers (Storstockholms Localtrafik - the main monopolist of public transport in the capital). However, if you plan to stay in Stockholm for a long time, then it will be more profitable for you to purchase a Stockholm card, which gives you the right to travel throughout the city on any type of public transport.

As for taxis, Stockholm has a huge fleet of licensed taxis at your service, which always have a taximeter. As a rule, in taxis of large companies with a driver you can pay not only in cash, but also with a credit card.

Stockholm culture

Stockholm is very rich in various cultural events. So, for example, the city boasts a whole parade of annual festivals, including the International Film Festival, the Baltic Festival and the Stockholm Jazz Festival and many others. Also in the capital, more than 80 different museums, the Royal Dramatic Theater and the Royal Opera are open to the public. Like residents throughout Sweden, Stockholmers have a calm and reserved disposition, which is partly why the city has a fairly low crime rate.

Among the representatives of Swedish culture, the most famous is the writer Astrid Lindgren, author of the popular children's book about Carlson and a series of books about Pippi Longstocking. It was in Stockholm that Astrid Lindgren spent almost her entire life, and here, in the central part of the city, she “settled” her world-favorite characters – Malysh and Carlson. Entertainment in Stockholm

Among the entertainments, tourists most prefer guided city tours, shopping in shops and boutiques, and at night - going to nightclubs. For shopping, the best options are the Gallerian and Pub department stores, as well as the Street designer market. Night spots like Le Bon Palais or Push are usually open until the early hours.

Excursions and tours in Stockholm

Climate of Stockholm

Since Stockholm is a coastal port city, its climate is temperate maritime, summers in the city are quite cool, and winters are mild and relatively warm. The average temperature in mid-winter is about two and a half degrees below zero, the average summer temperature is 14-17 degrees Celsius.

When is the best time to visit Stockholm?

Stockholm is a very beautiful city and at any time of the year it is ready to amaze tourists with its splendor. But the most preferable time to visit Stockholm is summer, especially since summer in Sweden is not at all hot and you don’t have to hide in a hotel from the scorching heat. During the New Year holidays, the capital is surprisingly sparsely populated, as Swedes love comfort and prefer to celebrate with family and friends.

Stockholm is a graceful city that is easy to navigate, and every corner of it is full of beauty and charm. The old town, Gamla Stan, is a sketch on the parchment pages of an ancient tome, and the modern city center is a real dream for fans of big cities and lovers of good cuisine. Outside the city, royal palaces are reflected in clear lakes, and dark scarlet houses are scattered here and there along the gray-green slopes of the islands.

Stockholm city history.

In 1187, a fortified point began to be built on the site of a fishing settlement. The first buildings arose on the island of Stadsholmen, located very strategically at the mouth of the strait connecting Lake Mälaren with the Baltic Sea. The first mention of Stockholm as a city dates back to 1252. It is believed that it was founded by Rixgrave Birger Jarl, the future king, the founder of the Folkung dynasty. The city was founded in order to protect Sweden from enemy attacks from the Baltic Sea and to stop the robbery of other cities on Lake Mälaren, in particular Sigtuna. By the end of the 13th century, Stockholm began to expand to the north and south of the Old Town, and it was built according to a well-thought-out plan.

Stockholm city history.

Due to its favorable geographical location, Stockholm quickly gained influence as a trading city, trading with Lübeck and the Hanseatic cities. It was here that the famous trade route “from the Varangians to the Greeks” began. Stockholm also developed thanks to craft production, especially iron smelting. In 1397, Sweden entered into a union (union) with Denmark, after which conflicts began between the allies, among which Denmark occupied a dominant position. The rebellious Stockholm in 1520 was taken by the Danes and severely punished by King Christian II, but already in 1523 Sweden broke the union and became an independent kingdom with its capital Stockholm. Stockholm was officially declared the capital in 1634, and not a single city in the entire subsequent history of the state has challenged this primacy.

Stockholm city history.

In the 17th century, Stockholm became one of the richest cities in Europe, and the most developed city in the Scandinavian region. By the end of the 17th century, Stockholm became the country's largest exporter of iron and cast iron. At the beginning of the 17th century, a Russian merchant colony arose in Stockholm. This happened after Sweden’s victory in the next war with Russia, when in 1617, according to a peace treaty, Russia lost Eastern Karelia and Ingermanland and lost access to the Baltic Sea. Russian merchants were allowed to have trading yards in the capital and other coastal cities, build houses and churches.

Stockholm city history.

At the beginning of the 18th century. A severe plague epidemic broke out in the city, killing a third of the capital's population. The period from the 18th to the 19th centuries was characterized by the rapid development of the capital's industry: large-scale industry was formed, private banks were opened, and a railway was laid. The economic growth of the city was accompanied by an increase in the capital's population. In 1848, during the period of revolution in Europe, revolutionary unrest also raged in Stockholm. Since 1901, the Nobel Committee has been meeting in Stockholm, and award ceremonies for Nobel laureates are held annually.

Attractions. Gamla Stan.

Stockholm's old town, Gamla Stan, is one of the most beautiful historical centers in Europe. It looks like it came straight out of the pages of a children's book - with ancient houses, palaces and narrow cobbled streets. It is here that the majestic royal palace rises, where the royal family has lived since 1754. The main attractions of the old town are: several museums: the Nobel, the Middle Ages, the Post Office and the Royal Coin Cabinet; Churches of St. Nicholas and Riddarholmen.

Gamla Stan.

Gamla Stan will take you back to Stockholm's distant past. Most of the attractions are centered around Vasterlanggatan and Stora Nygatan, but if you delve into the labyrinth of quiet, winding streets, you will see the city as it was in the Middle Ages. When talking about Gamla Stan, it is impossible not to mention Stortorjet Square. The square is surrounded by lovely old buildings and is usually filled with cheerful holidaymakers; nothing reminds us that this square was once the scene of a bloodbath. The massacre took place in 1520 and is known as the Stockholm Bloodbath. In memory of this tragic event, a red house was built on the square, the facade of which is decorated with small white bricks, there are exactly as many of them as the number of people who died as a result of the terrible massacre. (Metro Gamla Stan)

Norrmalm.

This is the modern center of Stockholm and is the area where the city begins for most travelers. The main train station and the main bus station are located here, and most of the boutiques, luxury hotels, trendy bars and restaurants, as well as several interesting cultural sites are concentrated here.

Sergels Square (Sergels Torg).

Start your exploration of Norrmalm at the spacious Sergels Torg. Sergels Torg, which translated into Russian sounds like “Sergel Square,” is located in the very heart of Stockholm. It has two levels. The square stretches from west to east and consists of three parts. In the center of the square stands a 38-meter glass column by sculptor Edwin Erström Crystal. People nicknamed the glass column in the center of the square “The Pointer,” and local architects joke about it that the project could not stand up to reality, because Eternal technical problems became constant companions of Kristall. (Metro T-Centralen)

Clara kyrka.

From Sergel Square you can see the tall spire of Klara kyrka. was founded on this site back in the 1280s, but under Gustav Vasa in 1527 it was destroyed, and from those distant times only two doors of the altar cabinet have been preserved in the church. Construction of the new church began in 1572 under Johan III, who invited one of the Dutch architects to Sweden specifically for this purpose. The church is surrounded on all sides by other buildings, so from afar it can only be seen thanks to its spire. It reaches 116 meters in length and is the second tallest in Sweden and Scandinavia (after Uppsala Cathedral), the church is also the fifth tallest building in Sweden. (Metro T-Centralen)

Church of St. James.

To the east of Sergel Square there is another interesting church - the Church of St. James. It is dedicated to the Apostle James, the patron saint of travelers. Due to its location - surrounded by Kungsträdgården, the Royal Opera and the Royal Palace, it is the central church of the Swedish capital. The modern building of the Church of St. James has a fairly long history of construction, and as a result, it includes a wide range of architectural styles, such as late Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque.

Norrmalm, or "Northern Land of Gravel and Sand" (which is what linguists and historians believe the area's name means), combines modern squares with ancient churches, skyscrapers and centuries-old parks. The area keeps many secrets and mysteries, which can only be solved by walking along its wide modern streets.

Island park Djurgården.

Next we go to the island park of Djurgården - this is a real promised land for those who love museums. Most of Stockholm's best museums are located here: Skansen, Vasa Museum, Museum of Modern Art, Nordic Museum. And around them are gardens and parks, through which a river flows leisurely, bicycle paths stretch, and picnic fields are scattered here and there - and all this is across the bridge from the very center of Stockholm. The neighboring island of Skepsholmen has two large museums, and from there you can get into the center via a small pedestrian bridge.

Södermalm.

Another beautiful area is Södermalm. You'll know you're in the right place when a magazine like Vogue names your neighborhood as the third most exclusive urban area in the world. Of interest here are the Stockholm City Museum, an observation deck overlooking Gamla Stan, as well as the Mariaberget observation deck, which offers excellent views of the Old Town and Normalm.

Kungsholmen.

Until recently, tourists hardly noticed this area, but now it is gaining popularity. This is a quiet area, mainly with residential buildings, parks and a long embankment. Here is also one of the most important architectural and practical buildings in Stockholm - Stockholm City Hall. The majestic town hall rises above the city, hiding its charming interiors with its stern façade.

Stockholm, located on fourteen rocky islands, has rightfully earned the honorary title “Beauty on the Water”: surrounded by the blue surface of the water, immersed in greenery, it draws tourists into the wonderful world of the alleys of the Old Town exuding the aroma of vanilla and cinnamon buns, beckons with the chic boutiques of Östermalm, captivates with the art galleries of Södermalm and the powerful architectural masterpieces of Norrmalm.