Tanker nok nevis. The largest tanker in the world
ULCC (Ultra Large Crude Oil Carrier) Knock Nevis was designed by the Japanese company Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd. (SHI) in 1974 and built at the Oppama shipyard in Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture. At the time of construction, the vessel had a maximum length of 376.7 meters, a width of 68.9 meters and a side height of 29.8 meters. Its deadweight was 418 610 tons. The tanker was driven by a Sumitomo Stal-Laval AP steam turbine with a capacity of 37,300 kW at 85 rpm. A 4-blade constant-pitch propeller with a diameter of 9.3 meters was supposed to provide the tanker with a speed of 16 knots (29.6 km / h). On September 4, 1975, the tanker was solemnly launched. For a long time the vessel had no name and was named according to the building number of the hull - vessel No. 1016. During factory sea trials, an extremely strong vibration of the body was revealed when the machine was running in reverse. This became the reason for the refusal of the Greek shipowners to accept the vessel. The refusal, in turn, led to lengthy litigation between builders and customers. In the end, the Greek company went bankrupt, and in March 1976 the ship was taken over by SHI and named Oppama.
SHI, using its legal right of ownership, sold Oppama to Hong Kong's Orient Overseas Line, owned by tycoon C.Y. Tung, who commissioned the shipyard to rebuild the tanker. It was planned to add a cylindrical insert to increase the vessel's deadweight by 156,000 tons. The refitting work ended two years later, in 1981, and the refurbished vessel was handed over to a shipowner under the name Seawise Giant and raised the Liberian flag.
As a result of the restructuring, the maximum length of the vessel was 458.45, the draft for the summer load line was 24.611 meters, and the deadweight increased to a record 564 763 tons (according to the classification society Det Norske Veritas). The number of cargo tanks increased to 46, and the main deck area was 31,541 square meters. meter. After the restructuring, the monster had a displacement of 657,018 metric tons at full load, which, together with its size, made the Seawise Giant the largest ship ever to sail on Earth. However, the speed dropped to 13 knots. The sediment of the Seawise Giant made the Suez and Panama Canals and the Pas-de-Calais impassable for him.
The vessel was intended and used to transport crude oil from the Middle East to the United States around the Cape of Good Hope. During one such voyage during the Iran-Iraq War, on May 14, 1986, the tanker was attacked by an Iraqi fighter jet. The Seawise Giant followed the Strait of Hormuz with a cargo of Iranian crude oil. The Exocet anti-ship missile struck the tanker on the port side amidships. An uncontrolled fire broke out on the ship and the crew left him. 3 people were killed. The tanker ran aground near the Iranian island of Larak and was declared sunken.
Immediately after the end of the Gulf War, the sunken Seawise Giant was bought by the Norwegian company Norman International, most likely for reasons of prestige, raised and renamed Happy Giant. After the ascent, in August 1988, he raised the Norwegian flag and was towed to Singapore, where he underwent renovation work at the Keppel Company shipyard. In particular, about 3.7 thousand tons of hull structures were replaced. Prior to entering service in October 1991, the ULCC was sold to the Norwegian shipping company Loki Stream AS, owned by Jørgen Jahre, for USD 39 million and left the shipyard under the new name Jahre Viking.
After the adoption of laws prohibiting the entry of tankers without double hulls into the ports of the United States and Europe, in 2004, Jahre Viking once again changed its owner and name. In March of the same year, it was bought by the Norwegian company First Olsen Tankers Pte. Ltd. and renamed to Knock Nevis. From that moment on, his career as a transport ship ended. In Dubai, the ULCC was converted into a Floating Production Storage & Offloading (FPSO) crude oil storage tanker and anchored in the Al Shaheed offshore oil field off the coast of Qatar.
By 2010, the Knock Nevis had reached its end of life. It was sold to Amber Development Corporation for recycling. The new owner renamed Knock Nevis Mont and raised the Sierra Leone flag on it. In December 2009, he made his last crossing to the shores of India. On January 4, 2010, Mont was washed ashore near the Indian city of Alang, Gujarat, where its hull was cut into metal for a year.
One of the giant's 36-ton anchors has been preserved and is now on display at the Hong Kong Maritime Museum.
Knock Nevis (formerly also called Seawise Giant, Happy Giant and Jahre Viking) is a Norwegian-flagged supertanker. Its dimensions were: 458.45 meters long and 69 meters wide, making it the largest ship in the world. Built in 1976, rebuilt in 1979, in recent years it was used as a floating oil storage, then delivered to Alang (India), where it was disposed of in 2010.
Knock Nevis had a deadweight of 564 763 tons, which is 658 362 m? (4.1 million barrels) of oil.
The length of the tanker is 458.45 meters, the width is 68.86 meters, the draft in cargo is 24.61 meters. The maximum speed was 13 knots, the crew of the vessel was 40 people. The stopping distance of the vessel is 10.2 kilometers, and the circulation diameter is more than 3.7 kilometers.
The draft at full load did not allow the ship to pass not only the Suez and Panama Canals, but also the English Channel.
The supertanker was built in Yokosuka, Japan by the Sumitomo Corporation under the serial number "1016" and was handed over to the Greek shipowner, who gave the tanker its first real name "Seawise Giant".
Interestingly, the tanker was not that big then. Its carrying capacity was 480 thousand tons (typical modern supertankers hold 280 thousand tons).
The new owner ordered an increase in the vessel. The vessel was cut and enlarged, additional hull sections were added, increasing the deadweight from the original 480 thousand tons to a record 564 763 tons. In 1981, the tanker was ready for operation. The total displacement of the monster after the reconstruction reached 825 thousand 614 tons, which, along with its size, made it the largest ship ever to sail on Earth.
Initially, the ship cruised between the Middle East and the United States, but in 1986 it began to be used as a floating terminal for the storage and transshipment of Iranian oil during the Iran-Iraq war. In 1986, an Iraqi fighter fired an anti-ship missile Exocet at a ship located almost in the Persian Gulf (or rather, in the Strait of Hormuz, leading to the Gulf). The tanker was not killed, but was out of order. Only in 1989 it was reanimated by Singapore ship repairmen, replacing 3.7 thousand tons of crushed steel.
After the end of the war, the ship towed to Brunei was bought by the Norwegian company KS-company. The ship was repaired in Singapore and renamed Happy Giant. However, in 1991, even before the completion of the repairs, the KS-company came under the control of the Norwegian ship-owning company Jorgen Jahre, so the tanker left the shipyard under the name Jahre Viking.
KS-company was later bought by Norwegian ship owner Fred Olsen for his company First Olsen Tankers.
Following the adoption of laws in the United States and Europe prohibiting the use of single-walled tankers, the so-called single-hull tankers (the Knock Nevis is only 3.5 centimeters thick), in March 2004 the ship at the docks in Dubai was converted into a “floating storage unit” (FPSO ). At the same time, the tanker once again changed its name to the modern Knock Nevis. In 2009, the ship was washed ashore in Alang (India), where it was disposed of in 2010. Before the last voyage, the ship was renamed Mont and changed flag in Sierra Leone. It took about a year to completely dispose of the ship.
The supertanker Knock Nevis is the largest ship ever built on the planet. In different periods of its existence, it bore different names: Seawise Giant, Happy Giant, Jahre Viking.
The length of the oil tanker is 458.45 m. To turn it in the opposite direction with the help of tugs required at least 2 km. The width of the world's largest vessel was 68.86 meters. The upper deck of the Knock Nevis could theoretically accommodate 5.5 football fields. 
One of the main drawbacks of the supertanker, which predetermined its short-lived operation, was the draft at full load - 24.61 m (more than a 7-storey building). Due to its huge dimensions, as well as because of the risk of running aground, the ship could not pass through the Suez and Panama Canals, as well as through the English Channel. 
The stopping distance of the tanker was as much as 10.2 km, and the circulation diameter was 3.7 km. Engines: turbines with a total power of 50,000 hp The total carrying capacity of the vessel, which was first put into service in 1976, was 563.763 tons. The supertanker moved at a speed of 13 knots (about 24 km / h). 
In the last years of its existence, the giant tanker operated as a floating oil storage facility. In 2009, the vessel was transported to Alang (India), where it was disposed of a year later. 
Knock Nevis (formerly also called Seawise Giant, Happy Giant and Jahre Viking) is the largest ship ever to exist on Earth
Oil has long been the most sensitive nerve of the entire world industry. Often, it is most profitable to transport "black gold" not by land, but by water. The route along which ships of this type go is called "oil". Already in the 19th century, when coal was the main raw material, crude oil was transported in wooden and zinc barrels in the holds of special sailing ships intended for the transport of oil.
The very first sea tanker for the transportation of oil in a tank, the walls of which served as a casing, was the sailing ship "Atlantic", built in 1863. This type of tanker, the tank for liquid cargo is the hull, which has survived to this day. By the beginning of the First World War, sea tankers already accounted for 3% of the world merchant fleet.
The demand for oil is growing every year. This process is associated with the continuous development of heavy industry and the emergence of an increasing number of motor technology. Accordingly, the scale of oil production is increasing and the requirements for its transportation are becoming more stringent. I doubt that there will be ships and vessels whose dimensions and displacement would have the same rapid development trend as tankers.
The development of the shipbuilding of oil tankers takes into account the features and advantages of supertankers, since when transporting oil on a seagoing vessel that can hold more than 100,000 tons of oil, transportation costs do not exceed much than when using a tanker with a carrying capacity of 16,000 tons. Today, large tankers and supertankers are fully automated and serviced by a relatively small crew. Even the longest transportation of valuable cargo is much cheaper than operating a conventional vessel. And one of them is "Knock Nevis".
The history of this sea vessel began in Japan in 1976 (some sources indicate 1975) at the shipyards of Sumitomo Heavy Industries. Then the oil tanker "Knock Nevis" was "born" under the modest serial number 1016 and was not so big. Soon the cargo ship was sold to a certain Greek ship owner, who gave the oil tanker its first real name "Seawise Giant". Its carrying capacity was 480,000 tons (typical modern oil tankers hold 280,000 tons). Three years later, the cargo ship was sold to a new owner, who ordered an increase. Japanese shipbuilders cut and ramped up the tanker, which took a lot of time. Finally, in 1981, the supertanker was ready to go again. Welded-in additional hull sections increased its deadweight to 564,763 tons.
The supertanker "Knock Nevis" could easily take aboard the Empire State Building and the Eiffel Tower. But his cargo is $ 195 million worth of oil. The huge ship survived several owners and bears the fourth name "Knock Nevis". They fired rockets at him and cut him in half. And yet - for more than 20 years, it remains the largest ship on the planet.
The "stopping distance" of the supertanker "Knock Nevis" is 5000 meters.
Technical characteristics of the oil tanker "Knock Nevis":
Length - 458.4 m;
Width - 68.8 m;
Draft (full) - 24.6 m;
Design displacement - 657,018 tons;
Deadweight - 564,763 tons;
Power plant - steam turbines;
Power - 50,000 hp from.;
Speed \u200b\u200b- 13 knots;
Crew - 40 people.
Its dimensions were: 458.45 meters long and 69 meters wide, which made it the largest ship in the world in the past. Even after the commissioning of the Prelude FLNG supertanker-gas plant, it will remain the largest vessel in history with a displacement of 657,018 tons.
By 2010, the Knock Nevis had reached its end of life. It was sold to Amber Development Corporation for recycling.
The new owner renamed Knock Nevis Mont and raised the Sierra Leone flag on it. In December 2009, he made his last crossing to the shores of India.
On January 4, 2010, Mont was washed ashore near the Indian city of Alang (Gujarat), where its hull was cut into metal for a year.
One of the giant's 36-ton anchors has been preserved and is now on display at the Hong Kong Maritime Museum.
Knock Nevis is the largest ship ever to exist on Earth
